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市場調查報告書
商品編碼
1370831
船用燃料市場 - 2018-2028 年全球行業規模、佔有率、趨勢、機會和預測 - 按類型、按商業分銷商、按應用、按地區和競爭Bunker Fuel Market - Global Industry Size, Share, Trends, Opportunity, and Forecast, 2018-2028F - By Type, By Commercial Distributor, By Application, and By Region and Competition |
預計全球船用燃料市場在預測期內將成長。由於實施更嚴格的環境法規、擴大使用船舶進行海上石油和天然氣以及風電場開發以及必需品的海上運輸,對清潔船用燃料的需求增加。這些因素促進了過去十年全球船用燃料市場的成長。
市場概況 | |
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預測期 | 2024-2028 |
2022 年市場規模 | 1583.2億美元 |
2028 年市場規模 | 1853.3億美元 |
2023-2028 年年複合成長率 | 2.61% |
成長最快的細分市場 | 小獨立 |
最大的市場 | 亞太 |
使用液化天然氣作為燃料是一種行之有效的解決方案,可以在商業上購買。液化天然氣具有許多優勢,特別是對於船舶而言,考慮到不可否認的嚴格污染法規。從中期來看,傳統油基燃料預計將繼續成為大多數船舶的主要燃料選擇,而液化天然氣預計將成為受歡迎的選擇在長期。儘管還有其他方法可以滿足空氣污染法規的要求,但使用液化天然氣作為船舶燃料是滿足當前和即將訂定的四種主要污染物(SOx、NOx、PM 和 CO2)標準的明智選擇。與替代方案相比,液化天然氣與餾分燃料相比具有成本競爭力,並且不需要安裝額外的製程技術。
2021年,有251艘液化天然氣燃料船投入使用,還有403艘正在訂購或興建中。此外,到 2028 年,全球船隊將擁有至少 864 艘液化天然氣燃料船舶。在預計期間,液化天然氣作為船舶船用燃料的使用量預計將大幅增加。這一成長可能與液化天然氣加註服務的擴張以及造船商對液化天然氣相對於其他燃料的偏好有關。此外,許多港口希望建設液化天然氣加註基礎設施。隨著第一艘液化天然氣加油船開始投入使用,一些船東正在訂購液化天然氣或雙燃料船。客運渡輪、近海服務船、海岸警衛隊船隻、油輪和各種其他船隻類型組成了在海洋中航行的液化天然氣燃料船隊。隨著船東、港口和監管機構逐漸了解這種尖端技術的優勢,造船商現在更加專注於使用液化天然氣作為船舶燃料。
此外,一些國家的政府正在提供贈款和其他形式的財政援助,以推廣液化天然氣燃料汽車。例如,2021年7月,印度最大的商業港口蒙德拉宣布,印度私人公司阿達尼港口和經濟特區將為液化天然氣燃料船舶提供50%的費用減免。根據給船舶的通知,該港口對阿達尼港口和經濟特區有限公司發放的港口費、引航費和泊位租金給予 50% 的折扣。六個月的豁免計畫適用於以液化天然氣為主要燃料的雙燃料引擎。因此,利用液化天然氣為船舶提供燃料變得越來越受歡迎,因為它產生的二氧化碳比傳統航運燃料少得多。全球範圍內的此類發展預計將在預測期內刺激對液化天然氣作為船用燃料的需求。
天然氣,也稱為液化天然氣,是比其他石油產品或其他化石燃料(例如煤炭)更清潔的能源,排放的碳顆粒較少。 2016 年與聯合國氣候變遷綱要公約 (UNFCCC) 簽署《巴黎協定》後,各國政府紛紛制定新的二氧化碳減量目標,並採用再生能源和天然氣發電廠等其他發電技術。液化天然氣主要在電力行業的工業、商業和住宅部門進行交易。中國和印度是兩個嚴重依賴煤炭的國家,並且正在從中東國家以及俄羅斯聯邦、澳洲和奈及利亞等其他一些國家進口更多天然氣來逐步轉向清潔能源。
2021年,中國超過日本成為全球最大液化天然氣進口國,進口總量約7,990萬噸。由於韓國從煤炭和核電轉向天然氣和再生能源,韓國液化天然氣進口量年增約 15.3%,達到 4,610 萬噸。 2021年印度和台灣分別進口了20噸和27噸液化天然氣。
能源資訊署 (EIA) 預測,全球天然氣需求將從 2024 年的約 141.6 兆立方英尺 (tcf) 增加到 2030 年的超過 160 兆立方英尺 (tcf)。自中國、日本、韓國和印度以來到2021 年,大部分天然氣都是透過天然氣運輸船進口的,預計天然氣消費量的增加可能會維持這些國家的天然氣貿易。此外,由於環境問題不斷升級導致天然氣消耗量增加,美國、俄羅斯和中東等國家預計將在未來幾年增加其石油和天然氣資源的產能。因此,上述情況預計將成為世界各國之間液化天然氣貿易的催化劑,進而促進船舶運輸。這些因素將鼓勵預測期內全球船用燃料市場的成長。
全球船用燃料市場根據類型、商業分銷商、應用和地區進行細分。根據類型,市場分為高硫燃料油、低硫燃料油、船用柴油等。根據商業分銷商,市場分為石油巨頭、大型獨立和小型獨立。依用途,市場分為貨櫃船、散裝貨船、油輪、雜貨船、化學品船、漁船、天然氣船等。按地區分類,市場進一步分為北美、亞太地區、歐洲、南美、中東和非洲。
全球船用燃料市場的主要市場參與者包括埃克森美孚公司、俄羅斯天然氣工業股份公司、盧克石油公司、道達爾能源公司、雪佛龍公司、海灣代理有限公司(GAC)、Bomin Bunker Holding GmbH & Co. KG、Bunker Holding A/ S、Fratelli Cosulich SpA 和 Adani Bunkering Private Limited(阿達尼集團的一部分)。
在本報告中,除了以下詳細介紹的產業趨勢外,全球船用燃料市場也分為以下幾類。
Global bunker fuel market is expected to grow during the forecast period. The demand for cleaner bunker fuels has increased due to the implementation of stricter environmental regulations, an increase in the use of marine vessels for offshore oil and gas and wind farm developments, and the rising marine transportation of essential commodities. These factors have contributed to the growth of the global bunker fuel market over the past ten years.
Bunker fuel, also known as marine fuel or ship fuel, refers to a type of fuel that is primarily used by large ships and vessels. It is a heavy, viscous, and residual fuel oil that is obtained as a byproduct from crude oil refining processes. Bunker fuel is characterized by its high density and high sulfur content. Bunker fuel is typically classified into different grades based on its viscosity, sulfur content, and other properties. The most common grades include IFO (Intermediate Fuel Oil) 180 and IFO 380, which are used in large engines and marine gas oil (MGO) that has a lower sulfur content and is used in smaller ships or in areas with stricter emission regulations.
Market Overview | |
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Forecast Period | 2024-2028 |
Market Size 2022 | USD 158.32 Billion |
Market Size 2028 | USD 185.33 Billion |
CAGR 2023-2028 | 2.61% |
Fastest Growing Segment | Small Independent |
Largest Market | Asia-Pacific |
Utilizing LNG as fuel is a tried-and-true solution that can be purchased commercially. LNG has many advantages, particularly for ships given the undeniably rigid contamination regulations.In the medium term, conventional oil-based fuels are anticipated to continue to be the main fuel option for the majority of ships, while LNG is anticipated to become a popular option in the long term. Although there are other methods available to meet air pollution regulations, using LNG as a ship's fuel is a wise choice to satisfy current and upcoming standards for the four primary categories of pollutants (SOx, NOx, PM, and CO2). Compared to alternative options, LNG can be cost-competitive with distillate fuels and does not require the installation of additional process technology.
In 2021, there were 251 LNG-fueled vessels in service and 403 more were either on order or under construction. Additionally, the worldwide fleet will have at least 864 LNG-fueled vessels by 2028. During the projected period, there is expected to be a significant increase in the use of LNG as bunker fuel for ships. This increase can be linked to the expansion of LNG bunkering services and the preference of ship builders for LNG over other fuels. In addition, a lot of ports want to build infrastructure for LNG fueling. Several owners are ordering LNG-ready or dual-fuel boats as the first LNG bunker tankers start to enter service. Passenger ferries, offshore service vessels, coast guard vessels, tankers, and a wide variety of other vessel types make up the fleet of LNG-fueled ships navigating the oceans. As owners, ports, and regulators have come to understand the advantages of this cutting-edge technology, ship builders are now concentrating more on using LNG as ship fuel.
Additionally, governments of several countries are offering grants and other forms of financial assistance to promote LNG-fueled automobiles. For instance, in July 2021, Mundra, India's largest commercial port, announced that Adani Ports and Special Economic Zone, a private Indian company, would provide LNG-fueled ships a 50% reduction on fees. The port gives a 50% reduction on the Adani Ports and SEZ Ltd.-issued Port Dues, Pilotage, and Berth Hire rates, according to the notice to ships. The six-month waiver program was applicable to dual-fuel engines equipped with LNG as their primary fuel. As a result, utilizing LNG to fuel ships has become more popular because it produces substantially less CO2 than traditional shipping fuel. Such developments at the global level are expected to fuel the demand for LNG as a marine fuel during the forecast period.
Natural gas, also known as LNG, is a cleaner kind of energy than other petroleum products or other fossil fuels, such as coal, and it emits fewer carbon particles. Governments have embraced new CO2 emission reduction targets after the Paris Agreement was signed with the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in 2016 and other technologies, such as renewable energy and natural gas-fired power plants, to generate electricity. LNG is primarily traded in the industrial, commercial, and residential divisions of the power industry. China and India are two nations that rely heavily on coal and are progressively transitioning to cleaner energy by importing more natural gas from countries in the Middle East and a few other countries, such as the Russian Federation, Australia, and Nigeria.
China surpassed Japan to become the world's largest importer of LNG in 2021, with imports totaling roughly 79.9 million tonnes (MT). A surge of roughly 15.3% year over year to 46.1 million tonnes made South Korea the third-largest importer of LNG as a result of the nation's switch to natural gas and renewable energy sources from coal and nuclear power. 20 MT and 27 MT of LNG were respectively imported by India and Taiwan in 2021.
The Energy Information Administration (EIA) predicts that the world's natural gas demand will rise from around 141.6 trillion cubic feet (tcf) in 2024 to more than 160 trillion cubic feet (tcf) in 2030. Since China, Japan, South Korea, and India imported the majority of the natural gas through gas carriers in 2021, the projected increase in natural gas consumption is likely to sustain the natural gas trade in these nations. Additionally, nations such as the United States, Russia, and the Middle East are anticipated to increase production capacity of their oil and gas resources in the coming years due to an increase in natural gas consumption as a result of escalating environmental concerns. Therefore, the aforementioned scenario is expected to operate as a catalyst for LNG trading between various nations across the world, which, in turn, will enhance vessel movements. Such factors will encourage the growth of the global bunker fuel market during the forecast period.
The global bunker fuel market is segmented on the basis of type, commercial distributor, application, and region. Based on type, the market is divided into high sulfur fuel oil, low sulfur fuel oil, marine gasoil, and others. Based on commercial distributor, the market is divided into oil majors, large independent, and small independent. Based on application, the market is divided into container, bulk carrier, oil tanker, general cargo, chemical tanker, fishing vessels, gas tankers, and others. Based on region, the market is further bifurcated into North America, Asia-Pacific, Europe, South America, and Middle East & Africa.
Major market players in the global bunker fuel market are Exxon Mobil Corporation, Gazprom Neft PJSC, Lukoil Oil Company, Total Energies SE, Chevron Corporation, Gulf Agency Company Ltd (GAC), Bomin Bunker Holding GmbH & Co. KG, Bunker Holding A/S, Fratelli Cosulich S.p.A., and Adani Bunkering Private Limited (part of Adani Group).
In this report, the global bunker fuel market has been segmented into the following categories, in addition to the industry trends which have also been detailed below.