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市場調查報告書
商品編碼
1951322

無源光纖網路設備市場 - 全球產業規模、佔有率、趨勢、機會及預測（按結構、組件、地區和競爭格局分類，2021-2031年）

Passive Optical Network, Equipment Market - Global Industry Size, Share, Trends, Opportunity, and Forecast Segmented By Structure, By Component, By Region & Competition, 2021-2031F
出版日期: | 出版商: TechSci Research | 英文 180 Pages | 商品交期: 2-3個工作天內

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簡介目錄

全球無源光纖網路(PON) 設備市場預計將經歷顯著成長，從 2025 年的 237.9 億美元成長到 2031 年的 509.1 億美元，複合年成長率為 13.52%。

該市場涵蓋光線路終端設備 (OLT) 和光纖網路單元 (ONU) 等電信硬體，這些設備對於透過被動光分路器建構 FTTx（光纖到戶）寬頻連線至關重要。推動這一成長的關鍵因素是全球對高頻寬Gigabit服務的需求激增以及政府為升級數位基礎設施提供的大量資金。此外，與傳統的有源網路相比，無源光架構卓越的能源效率也是推動市場成長的關鍵因素，這有助於實現通訊業的永續性目標，並促進銅纜基礎設施的替換。

市場概覽
預測期 2027-2031
市場規模：2025年 237.9億美元
市場規模：2031年 509.1億美元
複合年成長率：2026-2031年 13.52%
成長最快的細分市場 光學濾波器
最大的市場 亞太地區

然而，市場面臨許多障礙，主要原因在於土木工程需要大量資金投入，以及網路部署領域熟練勞動力持續短缺。這些物流的挑戰可能會顯著延緩光纖的實際部署，進而延遲設備採購。儘管存在這些挑戰，投資動能依然強勁。光纖寬頻協會 (FBA) 報告稱，到 2024 年，美國將有創紀錄的 1,030 萬戶家庭連接到光纖網路。這一數字凸顯了設備供應鏈在應對充滿挑戰的部署環境時所面臨的巨大壓力，他們需要滿足雄心勃勃的部署目標。

市場促進因素

光纖到戶 (FTTH) 架構的加速部署是全球無源光纖網路(PON) 設備市場的主要驅動力，營運商正積極擴展網路以取代傳統的銅纜系統。這種擴展需要大規模的土木工程才能連接現有住宅和企業，這直接推動了對光線路終端 (OLT) 和光纖網路單元 (ONU) 的需求。隨著各大通訊業者競相實現其覆蓋目標，這種現代化的規模顯而易見。例如，Openreach 在 2024 年 7 月宣布，其全光纖網路已覆蓋超過 1,500 萬個場所。這一里程碑確保了用於支援新連接的被動光組件訂單的穩定成長。

同時，向下一代PON技術（例如XGS-PON）的過渡，透過實現傳統GPON系統無法實現的對稱多千兆Gigabit速率，為市場增添了新的價值。服務供應商正在升級其主動設備，以確保其網路能夠滿足未來不斷成長的頻寬需求，從而推動了更新換代，即使在市場飽和的情況下也能提升收入。這種轉變對供應商的財務表現產生了正面影響。受這些升級的推動，諾基亞固定網路部門在2024年10月實現了9%的固定匯率營收成長。此外，AT&T在2024年10月實現了16.7%的消費者光纖收入年增，證實了這些先進投資的強勁獲利潛力。

市場挑戰

全球無源光纖網路(PON) 設備市場面臨巨大的挑戰，主要原因是土木工程需要高額的資本投入，以及技術純熟勞工長期短缺。土建基礎設施工程，例如挖掘和管道安裝，會消耗部署預算的很大一部分，這不僅會加劇營運商的資源壓力，而且往往會限制網路擴張的速度。這些財務和物流方面的障礙阻礙了營運商將資金籌措的計劃迅速轉化為運作連接，直接導致光線路終端 (OLT) 和光纖網路單元 (ONU) 的即時量下降。

勞動力短缺加劇了營運瓶頸，導致光纖電纜的實際安裝進度延誤。缺乏技術人員進行必要的地面施工，不可避免地導致設備採購的延遲和分階段進行。據電力和電信承包商協會稱，到2024年，寬頻建設行業大約需要額外18萬名工人才能滿足基礎設施資金籌措項目的需求。嚴重的勞動力短缺迫使通訊業者延長計劃工期，導致PON設備銷售額的年增率放緩。

市場趨勢

隨著通訊業者尋求超越Gigabit的傳輸能力，並為未來頻寬的頻寬成長做好準備，25G PON和50G PON技術的商業部署正在加速推進。這一趨勢包括引入高密度、高能效的光學模組，這些模組無需對現有光分配網路（ODN）進行重大改造，即可實現從舊有系統的平滑遷移。成熟的裝置生態系統是這項轉型的關鍵，它能夠解決空間和功耗限制，並支援大規模部署。例如，中興通訊於2025年3月發布了一款16埠50G PON組合模組。與傳統的QSFP模組相比，此模組的體積縮小了30%，顯著減少了升級所需的實體面積。

同時，人工智慧 (AI) 和機器學習的融合正將被動光網路 (PON) 系統從簡單的連接通道轉變為智慧化的運算平台。服務供應商正在將 AI 功能嵌入光閘道器和邊緣設備中，以實現即時流量分析、預測性維護和自動化服務最佳化——這對於管理複雜的下一代網路至關重要。這種融合使得邊緣資料處理成為可能，顯著降低了關鍵應用的延遲。作為這一趨勢的典型代表，中興通訊和中國電信於 2025 年 6 月發布了智慧園區 PON 解決方案，該方案的閘道器內建 130 TOPS 的 AI 運算池，可按需調度運算能力。

目錄

第1章概述

第2章調查方法

第3章執行摘要

第4章：客戶評價

第5章：全球無源光纖網路（PON）設備市場展望

  • 市場規模及預測
    • 按金額
  • 市佔率及預測
    • 依結構分類（乙太網路被動光纖網路（EPON）設備、Gigabit無源光纖網路（GPON）設備）
    • 依組件分類（分波多工/解復用器、光濾波器、光光譜儀、光纜、光線路終端（OLT）、光纖網路終端（ONT））
    • 按地區
    • 按公司（2025 年）
  • 市場地圖

6. 北美無源光纖網路（PON）設備市場展望

  • 市場規模及預測
  • 市佔率及預測
  • 北美洲：國家分析
    • 美國
    • 加拿大
    • 墨西哥

7. 歐洲被動光纖網路（PON）設備市場展望

  • 市場規模及預測
  • 市佔率及預測
  • 歐洲：國家分析
    • 德國
    • 法國
    • 英國
    • 義大利
    • 西班牙

8. 亞太地區被動光纖網路（PON）設備市場展望

  • 市場規模及預測
  • 市佔率及預測
  • 亞太地區：國家分析
    • 中國
    • 印度
    • 日本
    • 韓國
    • 澳洲

9. 中東和非洲被動光纖網路（PON）設備市場展望

  • 市場規模及預測
  • 市佔率及預測
  • 中東和非洲：國家分析
    • 沙烏地阿拉伯
    • 阿拉伯聯合大公國
    • 南非

10. 南美洲無源光纖網路（PON）設備市場展望

  • 市場規模及預測
  • 市佔率及預測
  • 南美洲：國家分析
    • 巴西
    • 哥倫比亞
    • 阿根廷

第11章 市場動態

  • 促進要素
  • 任務

第12章 市場趨勢與發展

  • 併購
  • 產品發布
  • 最新進展

第13章：全球無源光纖網路（PON）設備市場：SWOT分析

第14章：波特五力分析

  • 產業競爭
  • 新進入者的可能性
  • 供應商電力
  • 顧客權力
  • 替代品的威脅

第15章 競爭格局

  • ADTRAN, Inc.
  • Calix, Inc.
  • Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
  • Mitsubishi Electric Corporation
  • Motorola Solutions, Inc.
  • Nokia Corporation
  • ZTE Corporation
  • Ciena Corporation
  • Cisco Systems, Inc.
  • Ericsson AB

第16章 策略建議

第17章：關於研究公司及免責聲明

簡介目錄
Product Code: 20833

The Global Passive Optical Network (PON) Equipment Market is projected to experience substantial growth, expanding from USD 23.79 Billion in 2025 to USD 50.91 Billion by 2031 at a CAGR of 13.52%. This market consists of essential telecommunications hardware, specifically Optical Line Terminals (OLTs) and Optical Network Units (ONUs), which are used to build fiber-to-the-x (FTTx) broadband connections via unpowered optical splitters. The primary catalysts for this growth include the surging global demand for high-bandwidth gigabit services and significant government funding aimed at upgrading digital infrastructure. Additionally, the superior energy efficiency of passive optical architectures compared to legacy active networks acts as a crucial driver, supporting the telecommunications industry's sustainability targets and encouraging the replacement of copper infrastructure.

Market Overview
Forecast Period2027-2031
Market Size 2025USD 23.79 Billion
Market Size 2031USD 50.91 Billion
CAGR 2026-203113.52%
Fastest Growing SegmentOptical Filters
Largest MarketAsia Pacific

Nevertheless, the market faces significant obstacles, primarily due to the high capital expenditures required for civil engineering works and a continued shortage of skilled labor for network deployment. These logistical challenges can severely slow the physical rollout of fiber, subsequently delaying equipment procurement. Despite these hurdles, investment momentum remains strong; the Fiber Broadband Association reported a record 10.3 million homes passed in the United States in 2024. This figure highlights the intense pressure on equipment supply chains to meet aggressive rollout targets even amidst difficult deployment conditions.

Market Driver

The accelerated deployment of Fiber-to-the-Home (FTTH) architectures serves as the primary engine for the Global Passive Optical Network (PON) Equipment Market, as operators aggressively expand their networks to replace legacy copper systems. This expansion necessitates significant civil engineering efforts to reach existing homes and businesses, directly driving the demand for Optical Line Terminals (OLTs) and Optical Network Units (ONUs). The scale of this modernization is illustrated by major national carriers racing to meet coverage goals; for instance, Openreach announced in July 2024 that its full fiber network had passed 15 million premises, a milestone that ensures a steady stream of orders for passive optical components to activate these new connections.

Simultaneously, the migration toward next-generation PON technologies, such as XGS-PON, is adding new value to the market by enabling symmetrical multi-gigabit speeds that older GPON systems cannot support. Service providers are upgrading active equipment to future-proof their networks against rising bandwidth consumption, fueling a replacement cycle that boosts revenues even in saturated markets. This shift is positively impacting vendor financial performance; Nokia's Fixed Networks division reported a 9% sales growth in constant currency in October 2024, driven by these upgrades. Furthermore, AT&T reported a 16.7% year-over-year increase in consumer fiber revenues in October 2024, validating the strong monetization potential of these advanced investments.

Market Challenge

The Global Passive Optical Network (PON) Equipment Market faces significant headwinds due to the substantial capital expenditure required for civil engineering and a persistent shortage of skilled labor. Civil infrastructure tasks, such as trenching and duct installation, consume the largest share of deployment budgets, often straining provider resources and limiting the pace of expansion. These financial and logistical barriers prevent operators from quickly converting funded projects into active connections, which directly reduces the immediate volume of orders for Optical Line Terminals (OLTs) and Optical Network Units (ONUs).

This operational bottleneck is further aggravated by a widening workforce gap that slows the physical installation of fiber optic cables. A lack of technicians to execute necessary groundwork inevitably leads to postponed or staggered equipment procurement. According to the Power & Communication Contractors Association, the broadband construction sector needed approximately 180,000 additional workers in 2024 to meet the demands of infrastructure funding programs. This severe labor deficit forces telecommunications providers to extend project timelines, thereby dampening the year-over-year growth rate of PON equipment sales.

Market Trends

The commercial deployment of 25G PON and 50G PON technologies is gaining momentum as operators seek to exceed 10 Gigabit capabilities and future-proof their infrastructure against exponential bandwidth growth. This trend involves the introduction of high-density, energy-efficient optical modules that allow for a smooth transition from legacy systems without requiring extensive changes to the existing Optical Distribution Network (ODN). The maturation of the device ecosystem is key to this shift, addressing space and power constraints to make mass deployment viable; for example, ZTE launched a 16-port 50G PON Combo module in March 2025 that reduces volume by 30% compared to traditional QSFP modules, significantly lowering the physical footprint for upgrades.

Concurrently, the integration of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning is transforming PON systems from simple connectivity pipes into intelligent, computing-aware platforms. Service providers are embedding AI capabilities into optical gateways and edge devices to enable real-time traffic analysis, predictive maintenance, and automated service optimization, which are essential for managing complex next-generation networks. This convergence allows for data processing at the edge, drastically reducing latency for critical applications. Highlighting this trend, ZTE and China Telecom introduced a smart campus PON solution in June 2025 featuring a gateway with a built-in 130 TOPS AI computing pool designed to schedule computing power on demand.

Key Market Players

  • ADTRAN, Inc.
  • Calix, Inc.
  • Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
  • Mitsubishi Electric Corporation
  • Motorola Solutions, Inc.
  • Nokia Corporation
  • ZTE Corporation
  • Ciena Corporation
  • Cisco Systems, Inc.
  • Ericsson AB

Report Scope

In this report, the Global Passive Optical Network (PON) Equipment Market has been segmented into the following categories, in addition to the industry trends which have also been detailed below:

Passive Optical Network (PON) Equipment Market, By Structure

  • Ethernet Passive Optical Network (EPON) Equipment
  • Gigabit Passive Optical Network (GPON) Equipment

Passive Optical Network (PON) Equipment Market, By Component

  • Wavelength Division Multiplexer/De-Multiplexer
  • Optical Filters
  • Optical Power Splitters
  • Optical Cables
  • Optical Line Terminal (OLT)
  • Optical Network Terminal (ONT)

Passive Optical Network (PON) Equipment Market, By Region

  • North America
    • United States
    • Canada
    • Mexico
  • Europe
    • France
    • United Kingdom
    • Italy
    • Germany
    • Spain
  • Asia Pacific
    • China
    • India
    • Japan
    • Australia
    • South Korea
  • South America
    • Brazil
    • Argentina
    • Colombia
  • Middle East & Africa
    • South Africa
    • Saudi Arabia
    • UAE

Competitive Landscape

Company Profiles: Detailed analysis of the major companies present in the Global Passive Optical Network (PON) Equipment Market.

Available Customizations:

Global Passive Optical Network (PON) Equipment Market report with the given market data, TechSci Research offers customizations according to a company's specific needs. The following customization options are available for the report:

Company Information

  • Detailed analysis and profiling of additional market players (up to five).

Table of Contents

1. Product Overview

  • 1.1. Market Definition
  • 1.2. Scope of the Market
    • 1.2.1. Markets Covered
    • 1.2.2. Years Considered for Study
    • 1.2.3. Key Market Segmentations

2. Research Methodology

  • 2.1. Objective of the Study
  • 2.2. Baseline Methodology
  • 2.3. Key Industry Partners
  • 2.4. Major Association and Secondary Sources
  • 2.5. Forecasting Methodology
  • 2.6. Data Triangulation & Validation
  • 2.7. Assumptions and Limitations

3. Executive Summary

  • 3.1. Overview of the Market
  • 3.2. Overview of Key Market Segmentations
  • 3.3. Overview of Key Market Players
  • 3.4. Overview of Key Regions/Countries
  • 3.5. Overview of Market Drivers, Challenges, Trends

4. Voice of Customer

5. Global Passive Optical Network (PON) Equipment Market Outlook

  • 5.1. Market Size & Forecast
    • 5.1.1. By Value
  • 5.2. Market Share & Forecast
    • 5.2.1. By Structure (Ethernet Passive Optical Network (EPON) Equipment, Gigabit Passive Optical Network (GPON) Equipment)
    • 5.2.2. By Component (Wavelength Division Multiplexer/De-Multiplexer, Optical Filters, Optical Power Splitters, Optical Cables, Optical Line Terminal (OLT), Optical Network Terminal (ONT))
    • 5.2.3. By Region
    • 5.2.4. By Company (2025)
  • 5.3. Market Map

6. North America Passive Optical Network (PON) Equipment Market Outlook

  • 6.1. Market Size & Forecast
    • 6.1.1. By Value
  • 6.2. Market Share & Forecast
    • 6.2.1. By Structure
    • 6.2.2. By Component
    • 6.2.3. By Country
  • 6.3. North America: Country Analysis
    • 6.3.1. United States Passive Optical Network (PON) Equipment Market Outlook
      • 6.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 6.3.1.1.1. By Value
      • 6.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 6.3.1.2.1. By Structure
        • 6.3.1.2.2. By Component
    • 6.3.2. Canada Passive Optical Network (PON) Equipment Market Outlook
      • 6.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 6.3.2.1.1. By Value
      • 6.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 6.3.2.2.1. By Structure
        • 6.3.2.2.2. By Component
    • 6.3.3. Mexico Passive Optical Network (PON) Equipment Market Outlook
      • 6.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 6.3.3.1.1. By Value
      • 6.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 6.3.3.2.1. By Structure
        • 6.3.3.2.2. By Component

7. Europe Passive Optical Network (PON) Equipment Market Outlook

  • 7.1. Market Size & Forecast
    • 7.1.1. By Value
  • 7.2. Market Share & Forecast
    • 7.2.1. By Structure
    • 7.2.2. By Component
    • 7.2.3. By Country
  • 7.3. Europe: Country Analysis
    • 7.3.1. Germany Passive Optical Network (PON) Equipment Market Outlook
      • 7.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 7.3.1.1.1. By Value
      • 7.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 7.3.1.2.1. By Structure
        • 7.3.1.2.2. By Component
    • 7.3.2. France Passive Optical Network (PON) Equipment Market Outlook
      • 7.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 7.3.2.1.1. By Value
      • 7.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 7.3.2.2.1. By Structure
        • 7.3.2.2.2. By Component
    • 7.3.3. United Kingdom Passive Optical Network (PON) Equipment Market Outlook
      • 7.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 7.3.3.1.1. By Value
      • 7.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 7.3.3.2.1. By Structure
        • 7.3.3.2.2. By Component
    • 7.3.4. Italy Passive Optical Network (PON) Equipment Market Outlook
      • 7.3.4.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 7.3.4.1.1. By Value
      • 7.3.4.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 7.3.4.2.1. By Structure
        • 7.3.4.2.2. By Component
    • 7.3.5. Spain Passive Optical Network (PON) Equipment Market Outlook
      • 7.3.5.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 7.3.5.1.1. By Value
      • 7.3.5.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 7.3.5.2.1. By Structure
        • 7.3.5.2.2. By Component

8. Asia Pacific Passive Optical Network (PON) Equipment Market Outlook

  • 8.1. Market Size & Forecast
    • 8.1.1. By Value
  • 8.2. Market Share & Forecast
    • 8.2.1. By Structure
    • 8.2.2. By Component
    • 8.2.3. By Country
  • 8.3. Asia Pacific: Country Analysis
    • 8.3.1. China Passive Optical Network (PON) Equipment Market Outlook
      • 8.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 8.3.1.1.1. By Value
      • 8.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 8.3.1.2.1. By Structure
        • 8.3.1.2.2. By Component
    • 8.3.2. India Passive Optical Network (PON) Equipment Market Outlook
      • 8.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 8.3.2.1.1. By Value
      • 8.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 8.3.2.2.1. By Structure
        • 8.3.2.2.2. By Component
    • 8.3.3. Japan Passive Optical Network (PON) Equipment Market Outlook
      • 8.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 8.3.3.1.1. By Value
      • 8.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 8.3.3.2.1. By Structure
        • 8.3.3.2.2. By Component
    • 8.3.4. South Korea Passive Optical Network (PON) Equipment Market Outlook
      • 8.3.4.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 8.3.4.1.1. By Value
      • 8.3.4.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 8.3.4.2.1. By Structure
        • 8.3.4.2.2. By Component
    • 8.3.5. Australia Passive Optical Network (PON) Equipment Market Outlook
      • 8.3.5.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 8.3.5.1.1. By Value
      • 8.3.5.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 8.3.5.2.1. By Structure
        • 8.3.5.2.2. By Component

9. Middle East & Africa Passive Optical Network (PON) Equipment Market Outlook

  • 9.1. Market Size & Forecast
    • 9.1.1. By Value
  • 9.2. Market Share & Forecast
    • 9.2.1. By Structure
    • 9.2.2. By Component
    • 9.2.3. By Country
  • 9.3. Middle East & Africa: Country Analysis
    • 9.3.1. Saudi Arabia Passive Optical Network (PON) Equipment Market Outlook
      • 9.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 9.3.1.1.1. By Value
      • 9.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 9.3.1.2.1. By Structure
        • 9.3.1.2.2. By Component
    • 9.3.2. UAE Passive Optical Network (PON) Equipment Market Outlook
      • 9.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 9.3.2.1.1. By Value
      • 9.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 9.3.2.2.1. By Structure
        • 9.3.2.2.2. By Component
    • 9.3.3. South Africa Passive Optical Network (PON) Equipment Market Outlook
      • 9.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 9.3.3.1.1. By Value
      • 9.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 9.3.3.2.1. By Structure
        • 9.3.3.2.2. By Component

10. South America Passive Optical Network (PON) Equipment Market Outlook

  • 10.1. Market Size & Forecast
    • 10.1.1. By Value
  • 10.2. Market Share & Forecast
    • 10.2.1. By Structure
    • 10.2.2. By Component
    • 10.2.3. By Country
  • 10.3. South America: Country Analysis
    • 10.3.1. Brazil Passive Optical Network (PON) Equipment Market Outlook
      • 10.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 10.3.1.1.1. By Value
      • 10.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 10.3.1.2.1. By Structure
        • 10.3.1.2.2. By Component
    • 10.3.2. Colombia Passive Optical Network (PON) Equipment Market Outlook
      • 10.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 10.3.2.1.1. By Value
      • 10.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 10.3.2.2.1. By Structure
        • 10.3.2.2.2. By Component
    • 10.3.3. Argentina Passive Optical Network (PON) Equipment Market Outlook
      • 10.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 10.3.3.1.1. By Value
      • 10.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 10.3.3.2.1. By Structure
        • 10.3.3.2.2. By Component

11. Market Dynamics

  • 11.1. Drivers
  • 11.2. Challenges

12. Market Trends & Developments

  • 12.1. Merger & Acquisition (If Any)
  • 12.2. Product Launches (If Any)
  • 12.3. Recent Developments

13. Global Passive Optical Network (PON) Equipment Market: SWOT Analysis

14. Porter's Five Forces Analysis

  • 14.1. Competition in the Industry
  • 14.2. Potential of New Entrants
  • 14.3. Power of Suppliers
  • 14.4. Power of Customers
  • 14.5. Threat of Substitute Products

15. Competitive Landscape

  • 15.1. ADTRAN, Inc.
    • 15.1.1. Business Overview
    • 15.1.2. Products & Services
    • 15.1.3. Recent Developments
    • 15.1.4. Key Personnel
    • 15.1.5. SWOT Analysis
  • 15.2. Calix, Inc.
  • 15.3. Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
  • 15.4. Mitsubishi Electric Corporation
  • 15.5. Motorola Solutions, Inc.
  • 15.6. Nokia Corporation
  • 15.7. ZTE Corporation
  • 15.8. Ciena Corporation
  • 15.9. Cisco Systems, Inc.
  • 15.10. Ericsson AB

16. Strategic Recommendations

17. About Us & Disclaimer