兆赫技術：市場佔有率分析、產業趨勢與統計、成長預測（2026-2031）

2025 年兆赫技術市場價值為 7.8 億美元，預計到 2031 年將達到 17.7 億美元，而 2026 年為 8.9 億美元，預測期（2026-2031 年）複合年成長率為 14.74%。

本報告按應用領域（兆赫成像系統、通訊系統等）、頻寬（低頻兆赫、中頻兆赫等）、最終用戶（醫療、工業及其他）、組件類型（兆赫光源、兆赫檢測器、光學元件和被動元件及其他）以及地區進行細分。市場預測以美元計價。

全球兆赫科技市場趨勢與洞察

緊湊型光子整合兆赫光源的進展

光子整合技術正將兆赫振盪器從桌上型光學組件小型化為毫米級晶片，這些晶片可以直接整合到手持設備中。薄膜鈮酸鋰調製器的差頻混頻效率已接近1%，無需低溫反射鏡或笨重的對準設備即可達到1 THz以上的連續波輸出。自2024年以來，商業鑄造公司已獲得40多項大學專利的許可，並透過將這項技術引入200毫米矽光電生產線，將元件數量和前置作業時間減少了一半以上。中功率光源的單價低於1萬美元，使其能夠進入食品檢測和文化遺產保護等對價格敏感的領域。低成本和適合現場實用化的尺寸相結合，將支撐成像系統預計到2031年15.32%的成長。

6G回程傳輸概念驗證（PoC）專案部署激增

到了2025年，電信業者已在人口稠密的都市區完成超過25兆赫的回程傳輸展示。這些演示的目標是多Gigabit鏈路，而光纖鋪設成本超過每公里100萬美元。日本NICT在東京市中心展示了500公尺範圍內300GHz頻段100Gbps的連接，在實際交通條件下滿足了6G的延遲和丟包率要求。韓國ETRI利用自適應波束控制技術補償建築物振動和行人遮擋，實現了220GHz頻段50Gbps的連接，展示了小型基地台聚合的穩健性。 2026年的資本預算除了微波和光纖回程傳輸設備外，還包括兆赫無線電設備，這表明該領域已從研究階段過渡到實用化階段。這些初步試驗解釋了為什麼電信系統在2025年保持了42.36%的市場佔有率。

戶外溜冰場大氣頻寬的限制

在許多兆赫頻段，水蒸氣會導致衰減峰值超過 100 dB km⁻¹，從而將可靠的戶外服務限制在 300 GHz 和 350 GHz 附近的窄頻寬內。在潮濕的熱帶氣候下，損耗會增加兩到三倍，迫使營運商要么大幅增加鏈路預算，要么將部署限制在旱季。當降雨量超過 10 mm h⁻¹ 時，鏈路可用性可能低於營運商的標準，迫使網路維護微波或光纖疊加層以確保容錯能力。儘管初步試驗取得了技術上的成功，但這些環境限制仍然限制了兆赫在回程傳輸架構中的長期應用。因此，投資正在轉向室內、短途或園區內的點對點鏈路，以最大限度地減少大氣影響。

細分市場分析

預計2026年至2031年間，兆赫成像系統將以15.32%的複合年成長率成長，趕上通訊平台。通訊平台在2025年佔據了兆赫技術市場42.36%的佔有率。隨著光子整合光源的單價降至1萬美元以下，硬體價格的下降有望推動兆赫成像技術市場的發展，從而使製藥生產線和複合材料部件的常規無損檢測成為可能。結合量子級聯雷射和高速檢測器的主動成像器在航太領域的片劑包衣檢測和缺陷映射方面佔據主導地位，而被動陣列則因其能夠規避高功率發射器的出口限制，在機場安檢中佔據領先地位。

皮膚科診所、牙科診所和文化遺產保護等領域的應用場景不斷擴展，推動研究機構以外的市場需求。將頻譜指紋疊加到高對比度影像上的混合設備，只需透過軟體更新而非硬體更換，即可在單一平台上實現品管、安防和醫療診斷功能的切換。隨著這些多功能系統的日趨成熟，系統整合商正在整合人工智慧分析功能，縮短操作員培訓時間，並實現不同地點結果的標準化。這些因素共同推動了成像領域持續兩位數的成長，而通訊領域仍將是2020年代中期之前最大的收入來源。

中頻解決方案（頻率範圍約為0.5至1.5 THz）預計在2025年將佔兆赫技術市場總收入的47.93%，佔據市場最大佔有率，並預計在2031年之前以15.37%的複合年成長率持續成長。在該頻寬，1 兆赫光譜技術能夠有效分辨5µm厚的塗層，進而達到高精度的材料分析。同時，大氣衰減和組件成本均在可接受的範圍內，適用於現場系統，使得頻寬成為醫療、安防、通訊等各行業實際應用的理想選擇。

低於 0.5 THz 的低頻段具有傳播距離遠、可在室溫下工作等優點，因此適用於點對點鏈路和穿牆感測。然而，其毫米級解析度限制了其在精密品管(QA) 領域的應用。頻寬1.5 THz 的頻段可實現亞毫米級成像，用於極紫外光刻掩模測量，但水蒸氣的強吸收和高檢測器雜訊限制了這些裝置主要用於實驗室環境。因此，對於製藥、通訊和安防等行業中需要兼顧性能且無需承受低溫環境操作負擔或惡劣天氣條件限制的用戶而言，中頻寬設計仍然是標準之選。

區域分析

2025年，亞太地區佔全球銷售額的38.23%，成為各地區中佔最大的市場。預計到2031年，該地區也將以15.79%的複合年成長率持續成長。 2025年，中國科技部向6G兆赫聯盟撥款21億元人民幣（約2.9億美元），用於國產光源和檢測器的研發。 2025年下半年，日本國立資訊通訊技術研究所（NICT）在東京市中心進行了500公尺、100Gbps、300GHz鏈路的示範實驗，驗證了兆赫頻段在高密度城市環境中的可靠性。在2025年中期，韓國電子通訊研究院（ETRI）在首爾街頭對攜帶式220GHz收發器進行了現場測試，實現了50Gbps的傳輸速率，進一步鞏固了該地區在試點部署方面的領先地位。這些努力共同使該地區在未來的零件成本曲線和性能基準方面處於主導。

北美銷售額位居第二，這得益於美國國防高級研究計劃局 (DARPA) 對被動式遠程掃描儀的津貼以及製藥行業對在線光譜技術的廣泛應用。儘管北美兆赫技術市場預計將穩定成長，但由於電信業者在6G回程傳輸擴展方面持謹慎態度，該地區的複合年成長率 (CAGR) 落後於亞太地區。歐洲的貢獻依然顯著，這主要得益於弗勞恩霍夫應用科學研究所 (Fraunhofer IAF) 等研究中心的推動，這些中心正在推進薄膜鈮酸鋰光混頻器的研發，從而實現室溫光源。然而，頻率政策的差異以及更保守的資本投資正在減緩跨國發展。因此，預計在整個預測期內，歐洲的市場佔有率將逐漸被成長較快的亞洲市場蠶食。

南美洲目前正處於評估階段，巴西的農業機構正在測試兆赫水分感測器在咖啡和大豆品管方面的應用。在墨西哥的汽車產業，複合材料面板的無損檢測正在試點，但進口關稅和本地生產規模有限阻礙了其大規模應用。在中東和非洲，機場安檢和邊境管制的需求帶來了間歇性但高價值的銷售額，但由於缺乏成熟的本地零件供應體系，市場擴張受到限制。總體而言，這些新興地區目前僅佔太兆赫技術市場佔有率的不到10%，預計在亞太地區價格降低導致市場准入擴大之前，它們的市場佔有率仍將保持在個位數。

其他好處：

• Excel格式的市場預測（ME）表
• 3個月的分析師支持

目錄

第1章：引言

• 研究假設和市場定義
• 調查範圍

第2章：調查方法

第3章執行摘要

第4章 市場狀況

• 市場概覽
• 市場促進因素
  • 緊湊型光子整合兆赫光源的進展
  • 6G回程傳輸概念驗證的部署正在迅速增加。
  • 製藥業線上品質保證/品質控制技術的推廣應用
  • 國防領域對毫米波解析度被動式遠程掃描儀的需求。
  • 太赫茲極紫外光刻掩模測量標準化
  • 利用兆赫（THz）進行文化遺產保護分析的資金籌措
• 市場限制因素
  • 室外鏈路大氣傳輸視窗的局限性
  • 高功率量子級聯雷射光源的低溫冷卻成本
  • 可大規模生產的低損耗太赫茲封裝材料供不應求
  • 275 GHz 以上頻段缺乏全球統一的 EMC 標準和健康影響暴露限值。
• 產業價值鏈分析
• 宏觀經濟因素的影響
• 監理情勢
• 技術展望
• 波特五力分析
• 價格分析
• 分析兆赫技術在無損檢測的應用。
• 兆赫技術的法律與監管框架

第5章 市場規模與成長預測

• 透過使用
  • 兆赫成像系統
    • 主動系統
    • 被動系統
  • 兆赫光譜系統
    • 時域
    • 頻域
  • 通訊系統
• 按頻段
  • 低頻太兆赫
  • 中頻太兆赫頻段
  • 高頻太兆赫頻段
• 最終用戶
  • 衛生保健
  • 國防與安全
  • 電訊
  • 產業
  • 食品和農業
  • 研究所
  • 其他最終用戶
• 依組件類型
  • 兆赫光源
  • 兆赫檢測器
  • 光學元件和被動元件
  • 系統和軟體
• 按地區
  • 北美洲
    • 美國
    • 加拿大
    • 墨西哥
  • 南美洲
    • 巴西
    • 阿根廷
    • 其他南美國家
  • 歐洲
    • 英國
    • 德國
    • 法國
    • 義大利
    • 其他歐洲國家
  • 亞太地區
    • 中國
    • 日本
    • 印度
    • 韓國
    • 其他亞太國家
  • 中東和非洲
    • 中東
      • 阿拉伯聯合大公國
      • 沙烏地阿拉伯
      • 其他中東國家
    • 非洲
      • 南非
      • 埃及
      • 其他非洲國家

第6章 競爭情勢

• 市場集中度
• 策略趨勢
• 市佔率分析
• 公司簡介
  • ADVANTEST Corporation
  • Luna Innovations Incorporated
  • TeraView Limited
  • TOPTICA Photonics AG
  • HUBNER GmbH and Co. KG
  • BATOP GmbH
  • Microtech Instruments Inc.
  • Menlo Systems GmbH
  • Gentec-EO Inc.
  • Bakman Technologies LLC
  • QMC Instruments Ltd
  • Bruker Corporation
  • Lytid SAS
  • Attocube Systems AG
  • Helmut Fischer GmbH
  • Baugh and Weedon Ltd
  • Das-nano SL
  • Teravil Ltd
  • Terasense Group Inc.
  • Virginia Diodes Inc.

第7章 市場機會與未來展望

According to Mordor Intelligence, the terahertz technologies market size was valued at USD 0.78 billion in 2025 and estimated to grow from USD 0.89 billion in 2026 to reach USD 1.77 billion by 2031, at a CAGR of 14.74% during the forecast period (2026-2031).

This report is Segmented by Application Category (Terahertz Imaging Systems, Communication Systems, and More), Frequency Range (Low-Frequency Terahertz, Mid-Frequency Terahertz, and More), End User (Healthcare, Industrial, and More), Component Type (Terahertz Sources, Terahertz Detectors, Optics and Passive Components, and More), and Geography. The Market Forecasts are Provided in Terms of Value (USD).

Global Terahertz Technologies Market Trends and Insights

Advances in Compact Photonic-Integrated THz Sources

Photonic integration is shrinking terahertz emitters from bench-top optical assemblies to millimeter-scale chips that drop directly into handheld instruments. Thin-film lithium niobate modulators now achieve difference-frequency mixing efficiencies approaching 1%, providing continuous-wave output above 1 THz without cryogenic mirrors or bulky alignment hardware. Commercial foundries have licensed more than 40 university patents since 2024, bringing the technology to 200 mm silicon photonics lines that cut part counts and lead times by more than half. Unit cost is falling below USD 10,000 for mid-power sources, opening up price-sensitive segments such as food inspection and cultural heritage conservation. The combination of a lower price and a field-ready form factor underpins the projected 15.32% growth in imaging systems through 2031.

Surge in 6G-Backhaul Proof-of-Concept Installations

Telecom operators completed over 25 terahertz backhaul pilots in dense urban corridors during 2025, targeting multi-gigabit links where trenching fiber exceeds USD 1 million per kilometer. Japan's NICT validated a 100 Gbps, 300 GHz connection over 500 m in downtown Tokyo, meeting 6G latency and packet-error requirements under real traffic conditions. South Korea's ETRI achieved 50 Gbps at 220 GHz with adaptive beam steering that compensated for building sway and pedestrian blockage, demonstrating robustness for small-cell aggregation. Capital budgets for 2026 now include terahertz radios alongside microwave and optical backhaul gear, confirming the segment's transition from research to deployment. These pilots explain why communication systems retained 42.36% market share in 2025.

Limited Atmospheric Transmission Windows for Outdoor Links

Water vapor creates attenuation peaks above 100 dB km-1 at many terahertz frequencies, restricting reliable outdoor service to narrow windows near 300 GHz and 350 GHz. Humid tropical climates experience two-to-three times higher losses, forcing operators to oversize link budgets or confine deployments to dry seasons. Rainfall above 10 mm h-1 can drop link availability below carrier standards, pushing networks to retain microwave or fiber overlays for resiliency. These environmental limits cap the long-term share of terahertz in backhaul architectures despite technical successes in pilot trials. Investment, therefore, shifts toward indoor, short-range, or point-to-point campus links where atmospheric effects are minimal.

Other drivers and restraints analyzed in the detailed report include:

1. Rising Adoption in Inline Pharmaceutical QA/QC
2. Defense Demand for mm-Resolution Passive Standoff Scanners
3. Cryogenic Cooling Cost for High-Power QCL Sources

For complete list of drivers and restraints, kindly check the Table Of Contents.

Segment Analysis

Terahertz imaging systems are projected to grow at a 15.32% CAGR between 2026-2031, closing in on communication platforms that commanded 42.36% of the terahertz technologies market share in 2025. The terahertz technologies market for imaging will benefit from falling hardware prices as photonic-integrated sources reach sub-USD 10,000 unit costs and enable routine non-destructive testing on pharmaceutical lines and composite-material parts. Active imagers that couple quantum-cascade lasers with fast detectors dominate tablet-coating inspection and aerospace defect mapping, while passive arrays lead airport screening by avoiding export-control limits on high-power emitters.

The expanding use cases in dermatology clinics, dental practices, and cultural-heritage conservation are driving demand beyond research labs. Hybrid instruments that overlay spectral fingerprints on high-contrast images allow a single platform to shift between quality control, security, and medical diagnostics through software updates rather than hardware swaps. As these multipurpose systems mature, integrators bundle AI analytics that reduce operator training time and standardize results across sites. Together, these factors underpin sustained double-digit growth for imaging despite communication remaining the largest revenue generator through mid-decade.

Mid-frequency solutions spanning roughly 0.5-1.5 THz held 47.93% of 2025 revenue, the largest slice of the terahertz technologies market share, and are expected to expand at a 15.37% CAGR to 2031. In this band of the terahertz technologies market, 1 THz spectroscopy can effectively resolve 5 µm coating layers, providing high precision in material analysis. At the same time, atmospheric attenuation and component costs remain manageable for field systems, making it an optimal range for practical applications in various industries, including healthcare, security, and telecommunications.

Low-frequency gear below 0.5 THz propagates farther and operates at room temperature, making it well-suited for point-to-point links and through-wall sensing, but millimeter-scale resolution limits its appeal for precision QA. Above 1.5 THz, sub-millimeter imaging is used for EUV mask metrology, although stronger water-vapor absorption and higher detector noise keep such units largely laboratory-bound. Mid-band designs, therefore, remain the default for pharmaceutical, telecom, and security users that need balanced performance without cryogenic overhead or severe weather constraints.

Complete Report Scope:

• By Application Category
  • Terahertz Imaging Systems
    • Active Systems
    • Passive Systems
  • Terahertz Spectroscopy Systems
    • Time-Domain
    • Frequency-Domain
  • Communication Systems
• By Frequency Range
  • Low-Frequency Terahertz
  • Mid-Frequency Terahertz
  • High-Frequency Terahertz
• By End User
  • Healthcare
  • Defense and Security
  • Telecommunications
  • Industrial
  • Food and Agriculture
  • Laboratories
  • Other End Users
• By Component Type
  • Terahertz Sources
  • Terahertz Detectors
  • Optics and Passive Components
  • Systems and Softwares
• By Geography
  • North America
    • United States
    • Canada
    • Mexico
  • South America
    • Brazil
    • Argentina
    • Rest of South America
  • Europe
    • United Kingdom
    • Germany
    • France
    • Italy
    • Rest of Europe
  • Asia Pacific
    • China
    • Japan
    • India
    • South Korea
    • Rest of Asia Pacific
  • Middle East and Africa
    • Middle East
      • United Arab Emirates
      • Saudi Arabia
      • Rest of Middle East
    • Africa
      • South Africa
      • Egypt
      • Rest of Africa

Geography Analysis

Asia-Pacific captured 38.23% of global revenue in 2025, the highest regional share, and is projected to expand at a 15.79% CAGR through 2031. China's Ministry of Science and Technology allocated CNY 2.1 billion (USD 290 million) in 2025 to 6G terahertz consortia that develop indigenous sources and detectors. Japan's National Institute of Information and Communications Technology demonstrated a 100 Gbps, 300 GHz link across 500 m of central Tokyo in late 2025, validating sub-terahertz reliability under dense urban conditions. South Korea's ETRI field-tested a portable 220 GHz transceiver that delivered 50 Gbps on Seoul streets in mid-2025, further cementing regional leadership in pilot deployments. Together, these initiatives position the region to dictate future component cost curves and performance benchmarks.

North America ranked second in revenue, buoyed by DARPA grants for passive standoff scanners and widespread pharmaceutical rollout of inline spectroscopy. The terahertz technologies market in North America is forecast to grow steadily, though the region's CAGR trails Asia-Pacific as telecom operators pursue measured 6G backhaul expansion. Europe's contribution remains significant thanks to research hubs such as Fraunhofer IAF, which advanced thin-film lithium-niobate photomixers that enable room-temperature sources. Fragmented spectrum policy and more conservative capital expenditure, however, slow cross-border deployments. As a result, Europe is expected to yield incremental share to faster-moving Asian markets through the forecast window.

South America stands at an evaluation stage, with Brazil's agricultural agencies testing terahertz moisture sensors for coffee and soybean quality control. Mexico's automotive sector pilots non-destructive testing of composite panels, yet import duties and limited local manufacturing constrain volume adoption. In the Middle East and Africa, airport security screening and border-control orders generate periodic but high-value sales, while the absence of an indigenous component supply curbs scale. Collectively, these emerging regions hold less than 10% of the terahertz technologies market share today and are expected to remain single-digit contributors until falling Asia-Pacific price points broaden accessibility.

1. ADVANTEST Corporation
2. Luna Innovations Incorporated
3. TeraView Limited
4. TOPTICA Photonics AG
5. HUBNER GmbH and Co. KG
6. BATOP GmbH
7. Microtech Instruments Inc.
8. Menlo Systems GmbH
9. Gentec-EO Inc.
10. Bakman Technologies LLC
11. QMC Instruments Ltd
12. Bruker Corporation
13. Lytid SAS
14. Attocube Systems AG
15. Helmut Fischer GmbH
16. Baugh and Weedon Ltd
17. Das-nano S.L.
18. Teravil Ltd
19. Terasense Group Inc.
20. Virginia Diodes Inc.

Additional Benefits:

• The market estimate (ME) sheet in Excel format
• 3 months of analyst support

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 INTRODUCTION

• 1.1 Study Assumptions and Market Definition
• 1.2 Scope of the Study

2 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

4 MARKET LANDSCAPE

• 4.1 Market Overview
• 4.2 Market Drivers
  • 4.2.1 Advances in Compact Photonic-Integrated THz Sources
  • 4.2.2 Surge in 6G-Backhaul Proof-of-Concept Installations
  • 4.2.3 Rising Adoption in Inline Pharmaceutical QA/QC
  • 4.2.4 Defense Demand for mm-Resolution Passive Standoff Scanners
  • 4.2.5 Standardization of THz EUV Lithography Mask Metrology
  • 4.2.6 Funding for THz Cultural Heritage Preservation Analysis
• 4.3 Market Restraints
  • 4.3.1 Limited Atmospheric Transmission Windows for Outdoor Links
  • 4.3.2 Cryogenic Cooling Cost for High-Power QCL Sources
  • 4.3.3 Scarcity of Volume-Manufacturable Low-Loss THz Packaging
  • 4.3.4 Absence of Harmonised Global EMC and Health Exposure Limits Above 275 GHz
• 4.4 Industry Value Chain Analysis
• 4.5 Impact of Macroeconomic Factors
• 4.6 Regulatory Landscape
• 4.7 Technological Outlook
• 4.8 Porter's Five Forces Analysis
  • 4.8.1 Bargaining Power of Suppliers
  • 4.8.2 Bargaining Power of Buyers
  • 4.8.3 Threat of New Entrants
  • 4.8.4 Threat of Substitutes
  • 4.8.5 Degree of Competition
• 4.9 Pricing Analysis
• 4.10 Analysis of Non-Destructive Testing Applications of Terahertz Technology
• 4.11 Legal and Regulatory Space for Terahertz Technologies

5 MARKET SIZE AND GROWTH FORECASTS (VALUE)

• 5.1 By Application Category
  • 5.1.1 Terahertz Imaging Systems
    • 5.1.1.1 Active Systems
    • 5.1.1.2 Passive Systems
  • 5.1.2 Terahertz Spectroscopy Systems
    • 5.1.2.1 Time-Domain
    • 5.1.2.2 Frequency-Domain
  • 5.1.3 Communication Systems
• 5.2 By Frequency Range
  • 5.2.1 Low-Frequency Terahertz
  • 5.2.2 Mid-Frequency Terahertz
  • 5.2.3 High-Frequency Terahertz
• 5.3 By End User
  • 5.3.1 Healthcare
  • 5.3.2 Defense and Security
  • 5.3.3 Telecommunications
  • 5.3.4 Industrial
  • 5.3.5 Food and Agriculture
  • 5.3.6 Laboratories
  • 5.3.7 Other End Users
• 5.4 By Component Type
  • 5.4.1 Terahertz Sources
  • 5.4.2 Terahertz Detectors
  • 5.4.3 Optics and Passive Components
  • 5.4.4 Systems and Softwares
• 5.5 By Geography
  • 5.5.1 North America
    • 5.5.1.1 United States
    • 5.5.1.2 Canada
    • 5.5.1.3 Mexico
  • 5.5.2 South America
    • 5.5.2.1 Brazil
    • 5.5.2.2 Argentina
    • 5.5.2.3 Rest of South America
  • 5.5.3 Europe
    • 5.5.3.1 United Kingdom
    • 5.5.3.2 Germany
    • 5.5.3.3 France
    • 5.5.3.4 Italy
    • 5.5.3.5 Rest of Europe
  • 5.5.4 Asia Pacific
    • 5.5.4.1 China
    • 5.5.4.2 Japan
    • 5.5.4.3 India
    • 5.5.4.4 South Korea
    • 5.5.4.5 Rest of Asia Pacific
  • 5.5.5 Middle East and Africa
    • 5.5.5.1 Middle East
      • 5.5.5.1.1 United Arab Emirates
      • 5.5.5.1.2 Saudi Arabia
      • 5.5.5.1.3 Rest of Middle East
    • 5.5.5.2 Africa
      • 5.5.5.2.1 South Africa
      • 5.5.5.2.2 Egypt
      • 5.5.5.2.3 Rest of Africa

6 COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE

• 6.1 Market Concentration
• 6.2 Strategic Moves
• 6.3 Market Share Analysis
• 6.4 Company Profiles (includes Global Level Overview, Market Level Overview, Core Segments, Financials as available, Strategic Information, Market Rank/Share, Products and Services, Recent Developments)
  • 6.4.1 ADVANTEST Corporation
  • 6.4.2 Luna Innovations Incorporated
  • 6.4.3 TeraView Limited
  • 6.4.4 TOPTICA Photonics AG
  • 6.4.5 HUBNER GmbH and Co. KG
  • 6.4.6 BATOP GmbH
  • 6.4.7 Microtech Instruments Inc.
  • 6.4.8 Menlo Systems GmbH
  • 6.4.9 Gentec-EO Inc.
  • 6.4.10 Bakman Technologies LLC
  • 6.4.11 QMC Instruments Ltd
  • 6.4.12 Bruker Corporation
  • 6.4.13 Lytid SAS
  • 6.4.14 Attocube Systems AG
  • 6.4.15 Helmut Fischer GmbH
  • 6.4.16 Baugh and Weedon Ltd
  • 6.4.17 Das-nano S.L.
  • 6.4.18 Teravil Ltd
  • 6.4.19 Terasense Group Inc.
  • 6.4.20 Virginia Diodes Inc.

7 MARKET OPPORTUNITIES AND FUTURE OUTLOOK

• 7.1 White-Space and Unmet-Need Assessment