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市場調查報告書
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1844512

汽車金融：市場佔有率分析、行業趨勢、統計數據和成長預測（2025-2030 年）

Automotive Finance - Market Share Analysis, Industry Trends & Statistics, Growth Forecasts (2025 - 2030)
出版日期: | 出版商: Mordor Intelligence | 英文 150 Pages | 商品交期: 2-3個工作天內

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簡介目錄

預計2025年汽車金融市場規模將達3,256.2億美元，2030年將達4,718.3億美元。

汽車金融-市場-IMG1

二手車融資佔汽車金融市場的53.40%，目前正經歷9.2%的快速成長，並將在2030年之前繼續成為主要的成長引擎。儘管基準利率持續高企，但數位化發起平台、消費者對靈活支付結構日益成長的需求以及汽車電動化的持續推進，都使二手車融資保持成長勢頭。金融機構正在透過深化分析能力、拓展基於風險的定價以及與線上汽車零售市場合作來應對這一挑戰，以保持信貸流通。此外，將融資與增值出行服務（例如訂閱套餐和電池租賃）相結合的能力，正成為銀行、整車廠專屬專屬式和金融科技參與企業的關鍵競爭優勢。

全球汽車金融市場趨勢與洞察

線上汽車零售平台的激增推動了即時數位借貸

2024年，北美經銷商和貸款機構的數位化交易數量較去年同期激增。消費者現在期望在線購買後10分鐘內即可獲得即時信貸核准，這比2023年通常需要一到兩天的時間大幅加快。整合的比價Widgets提高了價格透明度，擠壓了沒有自動定價工具的貸款機構的利潤空間。這一趨勢正在蔓延到歐洲，在那裡，多貸款機構API已將高階市場的平均資金籌措時間縮短了48%。對於專屬式金融業而言，在OEM電商入口網站中嵌入專有金融計算器，改善了保險和維護合約的交叉銷售，從而提高了轉換率和客戶生命週期價值。

二手車交易量增加創造新的租賃量

認證二手車專案正在改變消費者對二手車的看法，使貸款機構能夠提供更接近新車的貸款比率和利率。例如，起亞的六年期CPO保修，使其在2024年美國市場二手車滲透率提升了五個百分點。在歐洲，由於供應鏈衝擊後新車型庫存回升，二手車平均貸款額較去年同期成長14%。隨著二手車市場整合即時融資服務，允許消費者在前往經銷商之前鎖定利率，正在提高銷售轉換率，縮短銷售漏斗，並降低貸款放棄率。

央行升息擠壓淨息差

截至2025年5月，美國政策利率介於4.25%至4.5%之間。資金籌措成本上升擠壓了貸款機構的利差，2024年銀行新增汽車貸款餘額下降了3.4%。傳統上在利率方面極具競爭力的信用合作社已下調其72個月固定利率，引導借款人選擇較短的期限。在製造商激勵措施的支持下，專屬式金融營業單位吸收了部分利率上行壓力，以維持展示室客流量，這解釋了其市場佔有率的成長。在歐洲，歐洲央行（ECB）升息效應的延遲傳導也同樣抑制了淨收益，迫使貸款發起人採用分級利率結構，將風險成本轉嫁給品質較低的借款人。

細分分析

汽車金融市場中的二手車細分市場將持續保持領先地位，到2024年將佔據汽車金融市場的53.40%，複合年成長率為9.2%，超過整體市場成長速度。認證二手車專案已成為主流保固方案，使貸款機構能夠將將近新車視為優質風險抵押品。數位市場規模正在進一步擴大，各大門戶網站上整合的貸款Widgets使申請到核准的轉換率提高了30%以上。因此，到2030年，二手車細分市場的規模預計將超過2,800億美元。

到2025年初，新車的平均付款將達到742美元。為了減輕價格衝擊，經銷商正在推廣長期融資和租賃套餐。然而，負資產以舊換新的比例正在上升，使得殘值計算更加複雜。雖然新車通路的佔有率仍維持在46%，但其成長放緩可能迫使貸款機構調整其風險調整後的定價，並考慮捆綁保險產品，以在內燃機汽車轉售環境疲軟的情況下保護轉售價值。

到2024年，銀行將佔據汽車金融市場的46.50%，但專屬式金融業正在蠶食其領先地位，預計2025年至2030年的複合年成長率將達到8.1%。光是大眾金融服務公司一家，到2024年就將簽署1,030萬份新契約，滲透率將提升至34.1%。受會員忠誠度和具有競爭力的二手車貸款定價的推動，信用合作社的汽車金融市場佔有率仍維持在20%左右。

其餘15%是非銀行貸款機構，它們利用另類資料滲透到高額、低利潤的細分市場。與分店銀行相比，它們的低開銷數位模式可將貸款發放成本降低高達40%。透過整合金融API，電商平台可以快速推出品牌汽車貸款產品，並推動貸款額成長。傳統銀行將繼續嚴格審查成本收入比，這要求它們策略性地實現承保自動化、簡化文件工作流程，並與金融科技專家合作，以保持其在更廣泛的汽車金融行業中的地位。

區域分析

亞太地區仍將是最具影響力的地區，到2024年將維持41.20%的汽車金融市佔率。中國電動車市場蓬勃發展，預計到2024年電動車將佔新車銷售的近一半，再加上印度在FAME計畫下制定的500億美元電動車融資藍圖，這些因素確保了信貸需求的長期成長。數位化優先的核保、即時情報數據以及基於人工智慧的欺詐管理，使貸款機構能夠為此前缺乏正式信用檔案的借款人提供服務。隨著各國政府擴大報廢汽車獎勵措施，貸款額度正變得更具韌性。中國實施的10%汽車退稅政策，僅在六個月內就使汽車更換貸款額激增14%。

到2024年第四季，儘管拖欠率高達2.96%，汽車貸款餘額仍成長至1.66兆美元。貸款機構正在收緊信貸分期，提高首付要求，並投資預測分析，以減少沖銷。然而，美國汽車金融市場正受益於創新的金融科技合作，這些合作縮短了資金籌措週期，並將商店貸款提案擴展到線上市場。貸款機構正在捆綁遠端維護訂閱服務，這些服務可以發送預測性服務提醒，保護抵押品，並提高轉售價值。

中東是成長最快的地區，預計到2030年複合年成長率將達到10.4%。沙烏地阿拉伯的銀行貸款餘額預計將在2025年3月達到8,272億美元，其符合伊斯蘭教法的汽車貸款組合將達到兩位數成長。政府的多元化政策優先考慮出行，刺激了個人貸款和經營租賃產品的需求。數位化程度正在加速提升，行動優先平台目前佔海灣合作理事會（GCC）新車申請的35%。該地區的汽車金融業也受惠於人口結構的年輕化，超過55%的海灣合作理事會居民年齡在35歲以下，他們對靈活訂閱模式的偏好正在重塑產品設計。

歐洲的法規環境正在改變。英國最高法院對未揭露費用行為的審查可能會改變經銷商和貸款機構之間的經濟關係，從而降低利差。將高價值電池組所有權與車輛所有權分開的電池租賃計劃正在興起，這有助於金融服務提供者降低殘值風險。與金融合約掛鉤的按公里付費保險在斯堪地那維亞越來越受歡迎，這表明遠端資訊處理數據能夠支持風險調整後的定價。

在南美和非洲，不斷上升的政策利率和外匯波動對人們的負擔能力構成挑戰，但人工智慧驅動的替代信用評分正在釋放新的借款人群體。在撒哈拉以南非洲地區，儘管分店基礎設施薄弱，但行動貨幣的整合正在加速貸款發放。對於全球貸款機構而言，進入這些地區通常需要與當地小額信貸機構和通訊業者合作，創建混合融資結構，將風險分散到多個資本提供者。在汽車金融市場，我們預計叫車司機將更多地採用輕資產訂閱車隊，從而建立正式的信用記錄，以支持未來的購車。

其他福利：

  • Excel 格式的市場預測 (ME) 表
  • 3個月的分析師支持

目錄

第1章 引言

  • 研究假設和市場定義
  • 調查範圍

第2章調查方法

第3章執行摘要

第4章 市場狀況

  • 市場概況
  • 市場促進因素
    • 線上汽車零售平台的激增推動了北美對即時數位借貸的需求
    • 歐洲二手車交易和認證二手車專案的成長將創造新的貸款量
    • 亞太地區電動車租賃和訂閱模式的快速成長將推動專屬式融資的採用
    • 政府報廢汽車獎勵和綠色金融補貼促進了中國和歐盟的汽車貸款發放
    • OEM 專屬式在新興市場拓展「先買後付」和靈活的氣球支付產品
    • 利用替代數據和基於人工智慧的信用評分進入南美洲次級抵押貸款市場
  • 市場限制
    • 2023年起央行升息將擠壓汽車貸款機構的淨利差
    • 美國次級汽車貸款拖欠率上升，削弱了銀行發放信貸的意願
    • 印度和巴西的汽車貸款餘額規定限制了貸款量
    • 在向電動車轉型的過程中，內燃機汽車的折舊免稅額風險正在破壞殘值假設
  • 波特五力分析
    • 新進入者的威脅
    • 買方的議價能力
    • 供應商的議價能力
    • 替代品的威脅
    • 競爭對手之間的競爭強度

第5章市場規模及成長預測

  • 按類型
    • 新車
    • 二手車
  • 按來源類型
    • OEM專屬式融資
    • 銀行
    • 信用合作社
    • 非銀行金融機構
  • 按車輛類型
    • 搭乘用車
    • 商用車
  • 按貸款產品
    • 貸款
    • 租
    • 一次付款
    • 訂閱
  • 按地區
    • 北美洲
      • 美國
      • 加拿大
      • 北美其他地區
    • 南美洲
      • 巴西
      • 阿根廷
      • 南美洲其他地區
    • 歐洲
      • 德國
      • 英國
      • 法國
      • 義大利
      • 西班牙
      • 俄羅斯
      • 其他歐洲國家
    • 亞太地區
      • 中國
      • 日本
      • 印度
      • 韓國
      • 印尼
      • 越南
      • 菲律賓
      • 澳洲
      • 紐西蘭
      • 其他亞太地區
    • 中東
      • 沙烏地阿拉伯
      • 阿拉伯聯合大公國
      • 土耳其
      • 其他中東地區
    • 非洲
      • 南非
      • 奈及利亞
      • 埃及
      • 其他非洲國家

第6章 競爭態勢

  • 市場集中度
  • 策略舉措
  • 市佔率分析
  • 公司簡介
    • Bank of America Corp.
    • Ally Financial Inc.
    • Hitachi Capital Corp.
    • HDFC Bank Ltd.
    • Bank of China
    • Capital One Financial Corp.
    • Wells Fargo & Co.
    • Toyota Financial Services
    • BNP Paribas SA
    • Volkswagen Financial Services AG
    • Mercedes-Benz Financial Services
    • Standard Bank Group
    • Mahindra Finance Ltd.
    • Santander Consumer Finance
    • General Motors Financial Company, Inc.
    • Ford Motor Credit Co.
    • Mitsubishi UFJ Lease & Finance Ltd.
    • DBS Bank Ltd.
    • Hyundai Capital Ltd.

第7章 市場機會與未來展望

簡介目錄
Product Code: 49425

The automotive finance market stands at a current value of USD 325.62 billion in 2025 and is forecast to reach USD 471.83 billion by 2030, reflecting a healthy 7.7% CAGR over the 2025-2030 period.

Automotive Finance - Market - IMG1

Used-car financing, which already commands 53.40% of the automotive finance market, is growing at a rapid 9.2% pace and is set to remain the key growth engine through 2030. Digital origination platforms, heightened consumer appetite for flexible payment structures, and the continued electrification of vehicle fleets are together sustaining momentum even while benchmark rates remain elevated Lenders are responding by deepening analytics capabilities, widening risk-based pricing, and partnering with online auto-retail marketplaces to keep credit flowing. The ability to combine financing with value-added mobility services, such as subscription packages and battery leasing, is also becoming a decisive competitive lever for banks, OEM captives, and fintech entrants alike.

Global Automotive Finance Market Trends and Insights

Surging Online Auto-Retail Platforms Driving Instant Digital Financing

Digitized contracting volumes among dealers and lenders in North America surged year-on-year in 2024. Consumers now expect real-time credit approvals delivered inside a 10-minute online purchase journey, a dramatic acceleration from the 1-2-day turnaround common in 2023. Integrated rate-shopping widgets have heightened price transparency, squeezing margins for lenders that lack automated pricing tools. The trend is spreading to Europe, where multi-lender APIs have cut average time-to-funding by 48% in premium segments. For captive finance arms, embedding proprietary finance calculators inside OEM e-commerce portals is improving cross-selling of insurance and maintenance contracts, thereby lifting attachment rates and customer lifetime value.

Rising Used-Car Transactions Creating New Lending Volume

Certified pre-owned programs are reshaping consumer perceptions of second-hand vehicles, enabling lenders to offer loan-to-value ratios and rates closer to those on new cars. Kia's six-year bumper-to-bumper CPO warranty, for example, bolstered used-car penetration in the marque's U.S. portfolio by five percentage points in 2024 . In Europe, inventory normalization after supply-chain shocks has restored late-model availability, pushing the average financed ticket size for used vehicles up 14% year-on-year. As used-car marketplaces integrate instant finance offers, origination conversion improves because consumers can lock rates before visiting a dealership, thereby shortening the sales funnel and reducing loan abandonment rates.

Central-Bank Rate Hikes Compressing Net-Interest Margins

Policy rates in the United States remain in a 4.25-4.5% corridor as of May 2025 . The higher funding cost has squeezed lender spreads; new-auto loan balances at banks fell 3.4% in 2024. Credit unions, traditionally rate-competitive, cut long-term fixed offers for 72-month terms, nudging borrowers toward shorter tenors. Captive finance entities, cushioned by manufacturer incentives, absorbed part of the rate pressure to sustain showroom traffic, explaining their share gains. In Europe, the lagged pass-through of European Central Bank hikes is similarly dampening net-interest income, forcing originators to introduce tiered-rate structures that pass risk costs to lower-quality borrowers.

Other drivers and restraints analyzed in the detailed report include:

  1. Rapid Growth of EV Leasing & Subscription Models Catalyzing Finance Penetration
  2. Government Scrappage Incentives & Green-Finance Subsidies
  3. Rising Delinquency Rates Constraining Credit Appetite

For complete list of drivers and restraints, kindly check the Table Of Contents.

Segment Analysis

The used-vehicle slice of the automotive finance market generated 53.40% of the automotive finance market in 2024 and will continue to widen its lead because its 9.2% CAGR exceeds overall market growth. Certified pre-owned programs have mainstreamed warranty coverage, letting lenders treat near-new units more like prime-risk collateral. Digital marketplaces further amplify scale: integrated loan widgets on leading portals lift application-to-approval conversion by more than 30%. As a result, the automotive finance market size for the used-segment is projected to top USD 280 billion by 2030.

Affordability headwinds are steering some prime borrowers away from new vehicles; average new-car payments hit USD 742 early in 2025. To mitigate sticker shock, dealers are pitching longer-term loans and leasing packages. However, the proportion of negative-equity trade-ins is rising, complicating residual-value mathematics. Although the new-vehicle channel retains 46% share, its slower growth will compel lenders to refine risk-adjusted pricing and to consider bundled insurance products that protect resale values in a softening ICE resale environment.

Banks generated 46.50% of the automotive finance market size in 2024, yet captive finance arms are eroding that lead. Captives are forecast to post an 8.1% CAGR from 2025 to 2030 as they leverage purchase-journey integration and subsidized APR promotions. Volkswagen Financial Services alone wrote 10.3 million new contracts in 2024, boosting penetration to 34.1%. The automotive finance market share of credit unions hovers near 20%, helped by member loyalty and competitive pricing on used-vehicle loans.

Non-bank financial companies contribute the balance 15%, using alternative data to expand into thin-file demographics. Their low-overhead digital models cut origination expense by up to 40% versus branch-centric banks. Embedded-finance APIs also allow e-commerce players to launch branded auto-loan offerings rapidly, driving incremental volume. For traditional banks, cost-to-income ratios will remain under scrutiny, setting a strategic imperative to automate underwriting, streamline document workflows and partner with fintech specialists to stay relevant in the broader automotive finance industry.

The Automotive Finance Market Report is Segmented by Type (New Vehicle and Used Vehicle), Source Type (OEM Captive Finance, Banks, and More), Vehicle Type (Passenger Cars and Commercial Vehicles), Financing Product (Loan, Lease, and More), and Geography (North America, South America, and More). The Market Sizes and Forecasts are Provided in Terms of Value (USD).

Geography Analysis

Asia-Pacific retained 41.20% share of the automotive finance market in 2024 and remains the most influential region. China's EV boom, EVs captured nearly half of new-car sales in 2024, coupled with India's USD 50 billion EV-finance roadmap under the FAME scheme, ensures prolonged credit-demand growth. Digital-first underwriting, real-time bureau data, and AI-based fraud controls enable lenders to serve borrowers who previously lacked formal credit files. As governments expand scrappage incentives, loan volume elasticity is rising; a 10% rebate in China triggered a 14% jump in financed replacement purchases in just six months.

Auto-loan balances climbed to USD 1.66 trillion by Q4 2024, even as delinquency transitions reached 2.96%. Lenders are tightening credit tiers, boosting down-payment requests, and investing in predictive analytics to pre-empt charge-offs. The automotive finance market size in the United States nonetheless benefits from innovative fintech collaborations that shrink funding cycles and extend point-of-sale loan offers into online marketplaces. Captive lenders are bundling tele-maintenance subscriptions that send predictive service reminders, protecting collateral, and improving resale values.

The Middle East is the fastest-growing territory, projected to advance at a 10.4% CAGR to 2030. Saudi banking credit reached USD 827.2 billion in March 2025, with Shariah-compliant auto-loan portfolios expanding in double digits. Government diversification agendas prioritize mobility, sparking demand for both personal loans and operating-lease products. Digitalization levels are accelerating; mobile-first platforms now account for 35% of new auto applications in the Gulf. The automotive finance industry in the region also benefits from a young demographic, more than 55% of GCC citizens are under 35, whose preference for flexible subscription models is reshaping product design.

Europe region's regulatory environment is evolving; the UK Supreme Court's review of undisclosed commission practices could alter dealer-lender economics, potentially lowering rate spreads. Battery-lease programs that detach ownership of high-value packs from the vehicle are emerging, helping finance providers de-risk residual-value exposure. Scandinavia's embrace of pay-per-kilometre insurance tied to finance contracts illustrates how telematics data can underpin risk-adjusted pricing.

South America and Africa elevated policy rates and currency volatility pose affordability challenges, yet AI-driven alternative credit scoring is unlocking new borrower pools. Mobile money integration accelerates loan payments in sub-Saharan Africa, where branch infrastructure remains thin. For global lenders, entering these regions often requires partnering with local microfinance institutions or telco wallets, creating blended-finance structures that dilute risk across multiple capital providers. The automotive finance market is expected to see wider adoption of asset-light subscription fleets for ride-hail drivers, fostering formal credit histories that can support future personal-vehicle purchases.

  1. Bank of America Corp.
  2. Ally Financial Inc.
  3. Hitachi Capital Corp.
  4. HDFC Bank Ltd.
  5. Bank of China
  6. Capital One Financial Corp.
  7. Wells Fargo & Co.
  8. Toyota Financial Services
  9. BNP Paribas SA
  10. Volkswagen Financial Services AG
  11. Mercedes-Benz Financial Services
  12. Standard Bank Group
  13. Mahindra Finance Ltd.
  14. Santander Consumer Finance
  15. General Motors Financial Company, Inc.
  16. Ford Motor Credit Co.
  17. Mitsubishi UFJ Lease & Finance Ltd.
  18. DBS Bank Ltd.
  19. Hyundai Capital Ltd.

Additional Benefits:

  • The market estimate (ME) sheet in Excel format
  • 3 months of analyst support

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 Introduction

  • 1.1 Study Assumptions & Market Definition
  • 1.2 Scope of the Study

2 Research Methodology

3 Executive Summary

4 Market Landscape

  • 4.1 Market Overview
  • 4.2 Market Drivers
    • 4.2.1 Surging Online Auto-Retail Platforms Driving Demand for Instant Digital Financing in North America
    • 4.2.2 Rising Used-Car Transactions and Certified Pre-Owned Programs in Europe Creating New Lending Volume
    • 4.2.3 Rapid Growth of EV Leasing and Subscription Models in Asia-Pacific Catalyzing Captive Finance Penetration
    • 4.2.4 Government Scrappage Incentives and Green-Finance Subsidies Accelerating Auto Loan Originations in China and EU
    • 4.2.5 OEM Captives Expanding Buy-Now-Pay-Later and Flexible Balloon Payment Products in Emerging Markets
    • 4.2.6 Alternative Data and AI-Based Credit Scoring Opening Sub-prime Borrower Segments in South America
  • 4.3 Market Restraints
    • 4.3.1 Central-Bank Rate Hikes Compressing Net Interest Margins for Auto Lenders Since 2023
    • 4.3.2 Rising Delinquency Rates in U.S. Sub-prime Auto Segment Constraining Banks' Credit Appetite
    • 4.3.3 Regulatory Caps on Vehicle Loan-to-Value Ratios in India and Brazil Limiting Financing Volumes
    • 4.3.4 Depreciation Risk of ICE Vehicles Undermining Residual Value Assumptions amid EV Shift
  • 4.4 Porter's Five Forces Analysis
    • 4.4.1 Threat of New Entrants
    • 4.4.2 Bargaining Power of Buyers
    • 4.4.3 Bargaining Power of Suppliers
    • 4.4.4 Threat of Substitutes
    • 4.4.5 Intensity of Competitive Rivalry

5 Market Size & Growth Forecasts (Value, USD)

  • 5.1 By Type
    • 5.1.1 New Vehicle
    • 5.1.2 Used Vehicle
  • 5.2 By Source Type
    • 5.2.1 OEM Captive Finance
    • 5.2.2 Banks
    • 5.2.3 Credit Unions
    • 5.2.4 Non-Bank Financial Institutions
  • 5.3 By Vehicle Type
    • 5.3.1 Passenger Cars
    • 5.3.2 Commercial Vehicles
  • 5.4 By Financing Product
    • 5.4.1 Loan
    • 5.4.2 Lease
    • 5.4.3 Balloon Payment
    • 5.4.4 Subscription
  • 5.5 By Geography
    • 5.5.1 North America
      • 5.5.1.1 United States
      • 5.5.1.2 Canada
      • 5.5.1.3 Rest of North America
    • 5.5.2 South America
      • 5.5.2.1 Brazil
      • 5.5.2.2 Argentina
      • 5.5.2.3 Rest of South America
    • 5.5.3 Europe
      • 5.5.3.1 Germany
      • 5.5.3.2 United Kingdom
      • 5.5.3.3 France
      • 5.5.3.4 Italy
      • 5.5.3.5 Spain
      • 5.5.3.6 Russia
      • 5.5.3.7 Rest of Europe
    • 5.5.4 Asia-Pacific
      • 5.5.4.1 China
      • 5.5.4.2 Japan
      • 5.5.4.3 India
      • 5.5.4.4 South Korea
      • 5.5.4.5 Indonesia
      • 5.5.4.6 Vietnam
      • 5.5.4.7 Philippines
      • 5.5.4.8 Australia
      • 5.5.4.9 New Zealand
      • 5.5.4.10 Rest of Asia-Pacific
    • 5.5.5 Middle East
      • 5.5.5.1 Saudi Arabia
      • 5.5.5.2 United Arab Emirates
      • 5.5.5.3 Turkey
      • 5.5.5.4 Rest of Middle East
    • 5.5.6 Africa
      • 5.5.6.1 South Africa
      • 5.5.6.2 Nigeria
      • 5.5.6.3 Egypt
      • 5.5.6.4 Rest of Africa

6 Competitive Landscape

  • 6.1 Market Concentration
  • 6.2 Strategic Moves
  • 6.3 Market Share Analysis
  • 6.4 Company Profiles (includes Global Level Overview, Market Level Overview, Core Segments, Financials as Available, Strategic Information, Market Rank/Share for Key Companies, Products and Services, SWOT Analysis, and Recent Developments)
    • 6.4.1 Bank of America Corp.
    • 6.4.2 Ally Financial Inc.
    • 6.4.3 Hitachi Capital Corp.
    • 6.4.4 HDFC Bank Ltd.
    • 6.4.5 Bank of China
    • 6.4.6 Capital One Financial Corp.
    • 6.4.7 Wells Fargo & Co.
    • 6.4.8 Toyota Financial Services
    • 6.4.9 BNP Paribas SA
    • 6.4.10 Volkswagen Financial Services AG
    • 6.4.11 Mercedes-Benz Financial Services
    • 6.4.12 Standard Bank Group
    • 6.4.13 Mahindra Finance Ltd.
    • 6.4.14 Santander Consumer Finance
    • 6.4.15 General Motors Financial Company, Inc.
    • 6.4.16 Ford Motor Credit Co.
    • 6.4.17 Mitsubishi UFJ Lease & Finance Ltd.
    • 6.4.18 DBS Bank Ltd.
    • 6.4.19 Hyundai Capital Ltd.

7 Market Opportunities & Future Outlook

  • 7.1 White-space & Unmet-Need Assessment