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市場調查報告書
商品編碼
2046402
小型模組化反應器市場-全球產業規模、佔有率、趨勢、機會、預測:按爐型、部署方式、連接方式、位置、應用、地區和競爭格局分類,2021-2031年Small Modular Reactor Market - Global Industry Size, Share, Trends, Opportunity, and Forecast, Segmented By Reactor Type, By Deployment, By Connectivity, By Location, By Application, By Region & Competition, 2021-2031F |
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全球小型模組化反應器(SMR)市場預計將從 2025 年的 46.9 億美元成長到 2031 年的 62.6 億美元,複合年成長率為 4.93%。
小型模組化反應器(SMR)是一種先進的核分裂發電裝置,單一最大發電容量為300兆瓦,採用模組化製造和可擴展部署設計。市場需求的主要驅動力是提高能源安全、全球難以脫碳的工業部門的脫碳需求,以及該技術能夠提供靈活的基本負載電力以補充間歇性再生能源來源。根據經合組織核能機構的數據,到2025年,15個國家的51個SMR設計將進入授權前或許可階段,這顯示相關監管已相當成熟。
| 市場概覽 | |
|---|---|
| 預測期 | 2027-2031 |
| 市場規模:2025年 | 46.9億美元 |
| 市場規模:2031年 | 62.6億美元 |
| 複合年成長率:2026-2031年 | 4.93% |
| 成長最快的細分市場 | 輕水反應器 |
| 最大的市場 | 亞太地區 |
然而,阻礙市場快速成長的一大障礙是缺乏統一的國際授權框架。開發商需要應對每個司法管轄區內繁雜的監管核准程序,這導致巨大的財務負擔和延誤,從而削弱了實現規模經濟所需的標準化,而規模經濟對於該行業的商業性可行性至關重要。
全球日益成長的脫碳和淨零排放目標推動了小型模組化反應器(SMR)市場的發展。隨著各國和企業尋求減少碳足跡,SMR 提供了一種可靠、按需、綠能,可以與間歇性再生能源來源形成互補。這種迫切性在科技領域尤其明顯,大型資料中心營運商正直接投資核能發電能,為其人工智慧(AI)基礎設施提供動力。亞馬遜在 2024 年 10 月發布的「亞馬遜與 X-energy夥伴關係公告」中表示,該公司主導向 X-energy 投資 5 億美元,以支援部署超過 5 吉瓦的新型 SMR 產能。這凸顯了該技術在擺脫石化燃料轉型過程中的關鍵作用。
同時,政府不斷增加對先進核能技術的獎勵和監管支持力度,降低了進入門檻,減輕了先行者的財務風險。世界各國政府都意識到,需要公共支持才能吸引私人資本,以彌合從設計到商業化的差距,因此正在實施大規模的資助計劃,以加快部署進度。根據美國能源局在2024年10月發布的新聞稿,拜登-哈里斯政府宣布,將開放高達9億美元的資金申請,用於支援第三代+小型模組化反應器(SMR)技術在美國的初步部署。此類財政支援正在加速更廣泛的商業性應用。例如,Google在2024年簽署了一份基礎供應契約,將從多個SMR購買核能,並向電網輸送500兆瓦的新增脫碳電力。
全球小型模組化反應器(SMR)市場缺乏統一的授權框架,是限制其商業性擴張的主要因素。由於開發商需要在每個司法管轄區分別完成各自的監管核准流程,因此該行業難以實現大規模生產所需的標準化。這種監管碎片化迫使供應商修改設計以符合不同地區的法規,導致工程成本增加,並阻礙了規模經濟的實現,而規模經濟對於成本競爭力至關重要。
這種營運效率低下直接影響專案的財務可行性,導致專案工期延長,投資者風險增加。重複的認證程序減緩了製造商跨境快速部署機組的能力,限制了市場滲透。根據世界核能協會預測,截至2024年,全球將有超過80種小型模組化反應器設計處於不同的研發階段,所有這些設計都可能面臨各國不同的監管評估。如此眾多的合規要求是阻礙該領域商業性擴張的一大瓶頸。
退役燃煤電廠基礎設施的再利用正成為小型模組化反應器(SMR)市場的一大趨勢,使開發商能夠重新利用現有的輸電資產、冷卻劑使用權和熟練勞動力。這項策略顯著降低了待開發區項目所需的高昂資本成本和位置挑戰,同時在逐步擺脫石化燃料的社區中維持了經濟穩定。監管機構也日益積極地回應這一轉變,簡化了利用現有場地項目的審查流程。據美國核能學會稱,2025年2月,美國核能管理委員會完成了「鈉」核子反應爐計畫的安全評估草案。該計畫位置於懷俄明州,旨在提前取代一座計劃除役的燃煤發電廠的發電能力。
同時,小型模組化反應器(SMR)作為工業流程熱源的市場正在超越傳統發電領域,不斷拓展。先進的核子反應爐設計正在研發中,旨在產生高溫蒸氣,以取代重工業(例如化工製造)中的燃氣鍋爐,從而直接解決難以排放的行業中的範圍1排放。這種應用為那些無法有效利用可再生能源發電的高能耗設施提供了一條脫碳途徑。例如,NucNet在2025年4月發布的報告指出,一家大型化學企業已提交申請,計劃在墨西哥灣沿岸建造四座SMR工廠,旨在為其製造地提供零碳製程熱和電力。
The Global Small Modular Reactor Market is projected to expand from USD 4.69 Billion in 2025 to USD 6.26 Billion by 2031, registering a CAGR of 4.93%. Small Modular Reactors (SMRs) are defined as advanced nuclear fission units with power capacities of up to 300 megawatts electric per unit, designed for modular manufacturing and scalable deployment. This market is primarily propelled by the global necessity for improved energy security and the decarbonization of hard-to-abate industrial sectors, alongside the technology's capacity to supply flexible baseload power that complements intermittent renewable energy sources. According to the OECD Nuclear Energy Agency, 51 small modular reactor designs were engaged in pre-licensing or licensing processes across 15 countries in 2025, indicating significant regulatory maturity.
| Market Overview | |
|---|---|
| Forecast Period | 2027-2031 |
| Market Size 2025 | USD 4.69 Billion |
| Market Size 2031 | USD 6.26 Billion |
| CAGR 2026-2031 | 4.93% |
| Fastest Growing Segment | Light Water Reactor |
| Largest Market | Asia Pacific |
However, a major obstacle hindering rapid market growth is the absence of harmonized international licensing frameworks. The requirement for developers to manage diverse and complex regulatory approval procedures in each jurisdiction imposes substantial financial burdens and delays, undermining the standardization needed to achieve the economies of scale essential for the sector's commercial viability.
Market Driver
The escalating global commitment to decarbonization and net-zero emission goals serves as a primary catalyst for the Small Modular Reactor (SMR) market. As nations and corporations aim to eliminate carbon footprints, SMRs offer a reliable, dispatchable source of clean electricity that complements intermittent renewable sources. This urgency is particularly apparent in the technology sector, where major data center operators are investing directly in nuclear capabilities to power artificial intelligence infrastructure. According to Amazon, in October 2024, via the 'Amazon and X-energy Partnership Announcement', the company anchored a $500 million investment in X-energy to support the deployment of over 5 gigawatts of new SMR capacity, validating the technology as a critical component in the transition away from fossil fuels.
Simultaneously, growing government incentives and regulatory support for advanced nuclear technologies are reducing barriers to entry and mitigating early-mover financial risks. Governments recognize that private capital requires public backing to bridge the gap between design and commercialization, leading to substantial funding programs aimed at accelerating deployment timelines. According to the U.S. Department of Energy, in an October 2024 press release regarding Biden-Harris Administration funding, the agency opened applications for up to $900 million in funding specifically to support the initial domestic deployment of Generation III+ SMR technologies. This fiscal support encourages broader commercial adoption; for instance, in 2024, Google signed a master supply agreement to purchase nuclear energy from multiple SMRs to bring 500 megawatts of new carbon-free power to the grid.
Market Challenge
The lack of harmonized international licensing frameworks acts as a significant constraint on the commercial expansion of the global small modular reactor market. When developers are required to navigate unique regulatory approval processes for every individual jurisdiction, the industry struggles to achieve the standardization necessary for mass production. This regulatory fragmentation forces vendors to modify designs to comply with distinct local codes, which increases engineering expenditures and prevents the realization of economies of scale that are essential for cost competitiveness.
This operational inefficiency directly impacts the financial viability of projects by extending timelines and increasing the risk profile for investors. The necessity to undergo repetitive certification procedures delays the ability of manufacturers to deploy units rapidly across borders, limiting market penetration. According to the World Nuclear Association, in 2024, the global landscape included over 80 small modular reactor designs at various stages of development, all potentially facing the prospect of diverse national regulatory assessments. Such a high volume of distinct compliance requirements creates a bottleneck that significantly hampers the commercial acceleration of the sector.
Market Trends
The repowering of retired coal infrastructure is emerging as a critical trend in the Small Modular Reactor (SMR) market, allowing developers to repurpose existing transmission assets, cooling water rights, and skilled workforces. This strategy significantly mitigates the high capital costs and siting challenges associated with greenfield projects while preserving local economic stability in communities transitioning away from fossil fuels. Regulatory bodies are increasingly accommodating this shift through streamlined reviews for projects that utilize legacy sites. According to the American Nuclear Society, in February 2025, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission completed the draft safety evaluation for the Natrium reactor project ahead of schedule, a facility specifically sited to replace capacity at a retiring coal-fired plant in Wyoming.
Concurrently, the utilization of SMRs for industrial process heat is expanding the market beyond traditional electricity generation. Advanced reactor designs are being engineered to produce high-temperature steam capable of replacing gas-fired boilers in heavy industries such as chemical manufacturing, directly addressing Scope 1 emissions in hard-to-abate sectors. This application offers a decarbonization pathway for energy-intensive facilities that renewable electrification cannot efficiently serve. Highlighting this industrial integration, according to NucNet in April 2025, a major chemical corporation submitted a permit application to deploy a four-unit SMR plant intended to supply zero-carbon process heat and power to a manufacturing complex on the Gulf Coast.
Report Scope
In this report, the Global Small Modular Reactor Market has been segmented into the following categories, in addition to the industry trends which have also been detailed below:
Company Profiles: Detailed analysis of the major companies present in the Global Small Modular Reactor Market.
Global Small Modular Reactor Market report with the given market data, TechSci Research offers customizations according to a company's specific needs. The following customization options are available for the report: