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市場調查報告書
商品編碼
1914642
半自動和全自動卡車市場-全球產業規模、佔有率、趨勢、機會和預測(按ADAS功能、自動駕駛等級、組件、應用、燃料類型、地區和競爭格局分類),2021-2031年Semi & Fully Autonomous Truck Market - Global Industry Size, Share, Trends, Opportunity, and Forecast, Segmented By ADAS Features, By Automation Level, By Component, By Application, By Fuel Type, By Region & Competition, 2021-2031F |
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全球半自動駕駛和全自動駕駛卡車市場預計將從2025年的443.4億美元成長到2031年的1,055.4億美元,複合年成長率(CAGR)達15.55%。這些重型商用車輛利用先進的感測器陣列、互聯系統和人工智慧技術,在極少或無需人為干預的情況下運行,其自動駕駛水平從L1級輔助駕駛到L5級全自動駕駛不等。市場成長的根本驅動力在於降低營運成本(透過提高燃油效率)、提高道路安全(透過消除人為錯誤)以及在勞動力短缺的情況下維持供應鏈。國際道路運輸聯盟(IRU)的報告凸顯了這一緊迫性,該報告稱,到2024年,全球將有超過300萬個駕駛人職位空缺,因此自動化解決方案對於維持貨運能力至關重要。
| 市場概覽 | |
|---|---|
| 預測期 | 2027-2031 |
| 市場規模:2025年 | 443.4億美元 |
| 市場規模:2031年 | 1055.4億美元 |
| 複合年成長率:2026-2031年 | 15.55% |
| 成長最快的細分市場 | 二級 |
| 最大的市場 | 北美洲 |
然而,由於不同司法管轄區缺乏統一的法規結構和責任標準,該行業面臨許多障礙。在保險責任、無人駕駛車輛安全認證和跨境營運方面缺乏統一的法律,造成了嚴重的法律不確定性。這種監管碎片化目前阻礙了自動駕駛汽車的商業性部署和擴充性,儘管經濟獎勵強勁,但市場仍未能充分發揮其潛力。
推動自動駕駛卡車技術普及的關鍵因素之一是迫切需要緩解全球卡車駕駛人。由於勞動力老化和年輕駕駛人供應停滯不前,物流公司越來越依賴自動化來維持貨運能力並防止供應鏈瓶頸。這種結構性短缺在某些地區尤其嚴重。例如,國際道路運輸聯盟(IRU)於2024年5月發布的《2024年歐洲道路貨運》報告預測,歐洲的駕駛人將超過23.3萬人,凸顯了自動駕駛解決方案旨在解決的勞動力危機的區域性嚴重程度。
此外,降低長途運輸營運成本的迫切需求以及對高效物流日益成長的需求正在加速市場滲透。自動駕駛系統能夠繞過駕駛員的工作時間限制,實現近乎不間斷的車輛運行,從而提高資產利用率和配送速度,並透過最佳化營運降低油耗。這種大規模運輸效率的提升正在推動商業規模的快速擴張。 Aurora Innovation 在 2024 年 7 月的股東信中宣布,計劃每週進行超過 140 次商業運輸,約為上年度的三倍。投資者信心也十分高漲,Waabi 已獲得 2 億美元的 B 輪資金籌措,計劃於 2024 年部署全自動駕駛卡車。
全球半自動駕駛和全自動駕駛卡車市場的規模化發展受到營運環境分散的嚴重限制,而造成這種分散的局面的根源在於缺乏統一的法規結構和責任標準。長途物流不可避免地會跨越多個國界,而關於安全認證和保險義務的法律法規各不相同,迫使企業在錯綜複雜的相互衝突的規則中艱難求生。這種監管碎片化造成了巨大的法律風險和營運效率低下,有效地抵消了自動駕駛系統可能帶來的成本效益。因此,製造商們正在推遲大規模部署,直到統一的指導方針能夠證明無人駕駛系統可以廣泛使用。
建立統一的法律標準存在困難,這阻礙了投資,並使車隊運作所需的保險承保工作變得複雜。近期行業反饋表明,這一障礙的嚴重性顯而易見:根據自動駕駛汽車行業協會(AVIA)的數據,在2025年接受調查的高管中,超過93%的人認為缺乏聯邦政策框架是自動駕駛汽車技術持續發展的主要障礙。如果沒有統一的監管標準,市場將停留在區域試點階段,無法實現全球成熟所需的跨司法管轄區成長。
傳統汽車製造商與人工智慧Start-Ups之間的策略合作正在從根本上重塑市場格局,將重點從改裝解決方案轉向工廠整合生產。傳統卡車製造商利用其工業規模和服務網路,而自動駕駛技術公司則提供必要的人工智慧和軟體堆疊。這種合作模式使得感測器和冗餘系統能夠在製造過程中直接整合底盤,從而顯著提高可靠性和安全性。例如,戴姆勒卡車於2025年4月宣布,已開始向Torc Robotics交付量產規格的自動駕駛Freightliner Cascadia車輛,旨在檢驗整合系統,以便在2027年之前推向市場。
同時,在營運商希望將駕駛人技術的效率與零排放推進相結合的推動下,自動駕駛系統與電動和氫動力動力傳動系統的整合正在加速。電動線傳架構為自動駕駛控制演算法提供了更優異的響應速度,而專用車輛取消駕駛座則最佳化了空氣動力學性能並延長了續航里程。這種融合正在推動對整合永續性和自動化功能的平台進行大量投資。根據Electrek 2025年10月的報告,Einride獲得了1億美元的新資金籌措,用於加速其全自動駕駛電池電動運輸艙的部署,估值達到10億美元。
The Global Semi & Fully Autonomous Truck Market is projected to expand from USD 44.34 Billion in 2025 to USD 105.54 Billion by 2031, achieving a CAGR of 15.55%. These heavy-duty commercial vehicles utilize advanced sensor arrays, connectivity systems, and artificial intelligence to operate with minimal or no human input, covering Level 1 driver assistance through Level 5 full automation. The market's growth is fundamentally driven by the necessity to reduce operational costs via better fuel efficiency, improve road safety by eliminating human error, and maintain supply chains despite workforce shortages. Highlighting this urgency, the International Road Transport Union reported that over 3 million truck driver positions went unfilled globally in 2024, necessitating automated solutions to sustain freight capacity.
| Market Overview | |
|---|---|
| Forecast Period | 2027-2031 |
| Market Size 2025 | USD 44.34 Billion |
| Market Size 2031 | USD 105.54 Billion |
| CAGR 2026-2031 | 15.55% |
| Fastest Growing Segment | Level 2 |
| Largest Market | North America |
However, the industry faces substantial hurdles due to the absence of harmonized regulatory frameworks and liability standards across different jurisdictions. Inconsistent legislation regarding insurance responsibility, safety certification for driverless operations, and cross-border transit creates significant legal uncertainty. This regulatory fragmentation currently impedes the widespread commercial deployment and scalability of autonomous fleets, preventing the market from reaching its full potential despite strong economic incentives.
Market Driver
The primary catalyst for adopting autonomous trucking technologies is the critical need to mitigate global truck driver shortages. As the existing workforce ages and recruitment of younger drivers stalls, logistics companies are increasingly relying on automation to maintain freight capacity and prevent supply chain bottlenecks. This structural deficit is particularly severe in specific regions; for instance, the International Road Transport Union's May 2024 report on 'European Road Freight Transport 2024' projects a shortage of over 233,000 drivers in Europe, underscoring the regional intensity of the labor crisis that autonomous solutions are designed to alleviate.
Additionally, the push to significantly reduce long-haul operational costs and the growing demand for efficient logistics accelerate market penetration. Autonomous systems allow vehicles to operate nearly continuously by bypassing human hours-of-service mandates, thereby increasing asset utilization and delivery speed while reducing fuel consumption through optimized driving. This potential for high-volume efficiency is driving rapid commercial scaling; Aurora Innovation reported in its July 2024 Shareholder Letter that it is scheduling over 140 commercial loads weekly, nearly tripling the previous year's volume. Similarly, investor confidence remains high, with Waabi securing $200 million in Series B financing in 2024 to deploy fully driverless trucks.
Market Challenge
The scalability of the Global Semi & Fully Autonomous Truck Market is severely restricted by a fractured operational landscape resulting from the lack of harmonized regulatory frameworks and liability standards. Because long-haul logistics naturally involve crossing multiple borders, inconsistent legislation regarding safety certifications and insurance mandates forces companies to navigate a complex patchwork of conflicting rules. This regulatory fragmentation introduces substantial legal risks and operational inefficiencies, effectively negating the cost benefits that autonomous systems are intended to deliver and compelling manufacturers to delay widespread deployment until unified guidelines validate driverless operations across broader regions.
The inability to secure a cohesive legal standard also deters investment and complicates the underwriting of essential insurance policies for fleet mobilization. The severity of this impediment is evident in recent industry feedback; according to the Autonomous Vehicle Industry Association, over 93% of surveyed executives in 2025 identified the absence of a federal policy framework as the primary barrier preventing the continued progress of autonomous vehicle technologies. Without a unified regulatory baseline, the market remains trapped in a phase of localized piloting rather than achieving the cross-jurisdictional growth necessary for global maturation.
Market Trends
The market is being fundamentally reshaped by strategic alliances between legacy OEMs and AI startups, shifting focus from retrofit solutions to factory-integrated production. Traditional truck manufacturers are leveraging their industrial scale and service networks, while autonomous technology firms provide the necessary artificial intelligence and software stacks. This collaborative model allows sensors and redundancy systems to be embedded directly into the chassis during manufacturing, significantly enhancing reliability and safety. For instance, Daimler Truck announced in April 2025 that it had begun delivering production-intent autonomous Freightliner Cascadias to Torc Robotics, aiming to validate the integrated system for a scalable market entry by 2027.
Concurrently, the integration of autonomous systems with electric and hydrogen powertrains is gaining momentum as operators seek to combine the efficiency of driverless technology with zero-emission propulsion. Electric drive-by-wire architectures offer superior responsiveness for autonomous control algorithms, and the elimination of the driver's cabin in purpose-built vehicles optimizes aerodynamics and extends range. This convergence is driving significant investment into platforms that unify sustainability with automation; according to Electrek in October 2025, Einride secured $100 million in new funding to accelerate the deployment of its fully autonomous, battery-electric transport pods, achieving a $1 billion valuation.
Report Scope
In this report, the Global Semi & Fully Autonomous Truck Market has been segmented into the following categories, in addition to the industry trends which have also been detailed below:
Company Profiles: Detailed analysis of the major companies present in the Global Semi & Fully Autonomous Truck Market.
Global Semi & Fully Autonomous Truck Market report with the given market data, TechSci Research offers customizations according to a company's specific needs. The following customization options are available for the report: