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市場調查報告書
商品編碼
2133732
抽水蓄能水力發電市場預測至 2034 年-按類型、電廠配置、水庫配置、水泵水輪機配置、容量、儲存週期、應用、最終用戶和地區進行全球分析。Pumped Hydro Storage Market Forecasts To 2034 - Global Analysis By Type, Plant Configuration, Reservoir Configuration, Pump-Turbine Configuration, Capacity, Storage Duration, Application, End User and By Geography |
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根據 Stratistics MRC 的數據,預計到 2026 年,全球抽水蓄能水力發電市場規模將達到 607 億美元,並在預測期內以 11.1% 的複合年成長率成長,到 2034 年將達到 1,411 億美元。
抽水蓄能水力發電市場涵蓋透過在上下水庫之間調水來儲存電能,然後透過水輪機發電的能源儲存系統。這包括開放式和封閉式配置、可逆式和三元式抽水蓄能系統、定速和變速技術,以及按發電容量和儲能時間分類的設施。其主要應用包括電價套利、需求面管理、可再生能源併網、頻率控制、電網穩定、容量管理、黑啟動功能和電壓管理。該市場涉及水力發電設備供應商、電力公司、獨立發電商 (IPP)、工程公司以及為能源和發電系統開發抽水蓄能發電工程的開發商。
擴大可再生能源的整合
隨著太陽能和風能的日益普及,抽水蓄能電站的需求也隨之成長。這是因為可再生能源發電量會受到天氣和運作條件的影響而波動。抽水蓄能電站可在可再生能源發電高峰期儲存多餘的電力,並在可再生能源發電量較低或電力需求高峰期提供電力。這項功能提高了系統的柔軟性,減少了可再生能源的棄風棄光,並保障了電力供應的可靠性。隨著可再生能源在發電量中所佔比例的不斷提高,電網需要能夠適應發電量波動的大規模、長期儲能技術。因此,抽水蓄能可再生能源發電。
需要大量的初始投資。
大規模抽水蓄能電站通常需要建造水壩、水庫、地下隧道、電站、輸水基礎設施、電網連接設施和專用設施,導致前期投入龐大。複雜的地質條件、大規模的挖掘作業或偏遠的施工地點會進一步增加這些成本。較長的開發和建設週期不僅會增加資金籌措成本,還會使專案面臨通貨膨脹、利率波動和建設成本不確定性等風險。與可以分階段實施的模組化儲能技術不同,抽水蓄能發電工程通常需要從一位置就進行大規模的、針對特定地點的基礎設施建設。因此,巨額的資金需求可能會限制小規模開發商的投資,而當長期獲利前景不明朗時,資金籌措挑戰也會隨之而來。
擴大可再生能源併網
隨著太陽能和風能的日益普及,抽水蓄能可再生能源發電的發電量會隨著天氣和運作條件的變化而波動。抽水蓄能電站可在可再生能源發電較高時吸收剩餘電力,並在可再生能源發電量較低時發電。這種功能提高了可再生能源發電效率,減少了發電限制,並增強了電力供應的可靠性。開發商可以將抽水蓄能電站與大規模太陽能和發電工程結合,建立靈活的發電和儲能系統。結合可再生能源和儲能的混合項目還可以改善能源平衡,並減少對傳統調峰電廠的依賴。這些應用為抽水蓄能電站的開發創造了新的機遇,使其與不斷擴展的可再生能源發電基礎設施直接相連。
環境法規以及授權的延誤
嚴格的環境要求和冗長的核准流程可能成為抽水蓄能電站開發的主要障礙。大型工程可能需要進行詳細的環境評估,因為水庫、水壩、隧道及相關基礎設施會對生態系統、水道、森林、土地利用和周邊社區造成影響。在環境敏感區域進行開發可能面臨額外的環境影響緩解措施、相關人員的反對以及監管機構的審查。漫長的核准流程會增加開發時間和專案成本,而建設計畫階段環境法規的變更可能需要修改設計或進行額外的調查。這些不確定性會阻礙投資者和開發商的積極性,使得抽水蓄能發電工程與其他儲能方式相比吸引力下降,因為其他儲能方式通常核准流程更簡便,面積也更小。
新冠疫情透過限制建設、勞動力招聘、運輸、設備供應和專案資金籌措等環節,對抽水蓄能水力發電開發造成了影響。封鎖措施中斷了多個發電工程的建設活動,供應鏈中斷導致材料和專用零件的採購困難。電力需求下降和市場的不確定性也影響了專案的獲利能力和投資決策。然而,疫情的影響並非在所有項目和地區都相同。尤其是在中國,一些大型水力發電開發案在相對較小的進度影響下得以持續進行。儘管面臨這些挑戰,2020年抽水蓄能水力發電裝置容量仍略有成長。整體而言,疫情暫時性地增加了整個抽水蓄能水力發電產業的專案執行、採購、資金籌措和勞動力管理的難度。
在預測期內,「開放回路」部分預計將佔據最大佔有率。
由於開放回路系統將佔據最大的市場佔有率。這些系統非常適合大規模儲能和電網平衡,因為它們可以利用現有的人工湖泊、水道和相關基礎設施。成熟的技術、良好的運作記錄以及對現有輸電基礎設施的利用進一步促進了其應用。開放回路系統在儲存剩餘電力和尖峰時段供電方面特別有效。它們在可再生能源併網、負載管理、頻率控制和電網穩定方面的能力,使其在抽水蓄能水力發電市場中持續佔據主導地位。
在預測期內,「系統穩定」細分市場預計將呈現最高的複合年成長率。
在預測期內,「電網穩定」領域預計將呈現最高的成長率,這主要受日益成長的管理太陽能和風能發電波動需求的驅動。抽水蓄能水力發電能夠儲存過剩的可再生能源發電能源發電量,並在可再生能源發電不足時可再生,從而支持清潔能源的高效利用。其長時間儲能能力能夠有效解決全天再生能源供應與電力消耗量之間的缺口。隨著可再生能源在電力系統中佔比的不斷提高,抽水蓄能水力發電在提高供電可靠性、減少可再生能源棄風棄光以及增強系統柔軟性方面發揮著越來越重要的作用。其對平衡能源平衡的貢獻進一步推動了其在不斷發展的電網中的應用。
在預測期內,亞太地區預計將佔據最大的市場佔有率,這主要得益於其完善的水力發電基礎設施、廣泛的水庫基礎設施以及眾多規劃中的抽水發電工程。包括中國、印度、日本、澳洲和韓國在內的領先國家正在大力支持抽水蓄能水力發電設施的開發和現代化改造。隨著該地區可再生能源發電能力的不斷提升,對能夠適應發電波動的可靠、大規模儲能的需求日益成長。有利的地理條件和現有的電力基礎設施進一步推動了專案的部署。政府措施、電網建設以及對可再生能源的投資也提升了抽水蓄能水力發電在亞太地區不斷發展的電力系統中的重要性。
在預測期內,亞太地區預計將呈現最高的複合年成長率,這主要得益於可再生能源發電的擴張、電力消耗的成長以及公用事業規模儲能基礎設施建設的進步。多個國家正在開發抽水蓄能電站,以應對再生能源的波動,並提高整個電力系統的柔軟性。中國和印度是主要貢獻者,這得益於其大規模的發展規劃和有利的政策環境;澳洲、日本和韓國也正在加強其儲能能力建設。該地區擁有豐富的水力資源、有利的地形以及完善的電力基礎設施,這些都為抽水蓄能電站的推廣應用提供了便利。
According to Stratistics MRC, the Global Pumped Hydro Storage Market is accounted for $60.7 billion in 2026 and is expected to reach $141.1 billion by 2034 growing at a CAGR of 11.1% during the forecast period. The Pumped Hydro Storage Market comprises energy storage systems that store electrical energy by transferring water between lower and upper reservoirs and subsequently produce electricity through hydroelectric turbines. It includes open- and closed-loop configurations, reversible and ternary pump-turbine systems, fixed- and variable-speed technologies, and facilities classified by power capacity and storage duration. Major applications include electricity price arbitrage, demand shifting, renewable power integration, frequency control, grid stabilization, capacity provision, black start capability, and voltage management. The market involves hydropower equipment suppliers, electric utilities, independent power producers, engineering firms, and pumped-storage project developers serving energy and power systems.
Increasing Renewable Energy Integration
Growing installation of solar and wind generation is strengthening demand for pumped hydro storage because renewable electricity production fluctuates according to weather and operating conditions. Pumped hydro facilities can store surplus electricity during periods of high renewable generation and deliver power when renewable output falls or electricity demand rises. This functionality improves system flexibility, limits renewable energy curtailment, and supports dependable electricity delivery. As renewable sources account for a greater portion of electricity generation, power networks require large-scale and long-duration storage technologies capable of balancing variable output. Consequently, pumped hydro storage represents an important solution for integrating increasing quantities of intermittent renewable electricity into power grids.
High Capital Investment Requirements
Large-scale pumped hydro storage facilities involve considerable initial expenditure because development typically requires dams, reservoirs, underground tunnels, powerhouses, water conveyance infrastructure, grid connections, and specialized equipment. Costs can rise further when construction involves difficult geological conditions, extensive excavation, or remote locations. Extended development and construction timelines can increase financing expenses while exposing projects to inflation, interest-rate changes, and construction-cost uncertainty. Unlike modular storage technologies that can be deployed incrementally, pumped hydro projects generally require substantial site-specific infrastructure from the beginning. Consequently, high capital requirements can restrict investment from smaller developers and create financing challenges where long-term revenue arrangements remain uncertain.
Expansion of Renewable Energy Integration
Growing installation of solar and wind generation provides considerable opportunities for pumped hydro storage integration because renewable output varies with weather and operating conditions. Pumped-storage facilities can absorb excess electricity when renewable production is high and generate power when renewable availability declines. This functionality can improve renewable-energy utilization, reduce electricity curtailment, and strengthen supply reliability. Developers can combine pumped hydro facilities with large solar and wind projects to create flexible power-generation and storage systems. Hybrid renewable-storage projects can also improve energy balancing and reduce reliance on conventional peaking plants. These applications create opportunities for new pumped-storage developments connected directly to expanding renewable-generation infrastructure.
Environmental Regulations and Permitting Delays
Tight environmental requirements and prolonged approval processes can create significant obstacles for pumped hydro storage development. Large projects may require detailed environmental assessments because reservoirs, dams, tunnels, and related infrastructure can influence ecosystems, waterways, forests, land use, and surrounding communities. Developments in environmentally sensitive locations may face additional mitigation obligations, stakeholder objections, and regulatory reviews. Lengthy permitting processes can increase development timelines and project expenditures, while changes in environmental rules during construction planning may require design modifications or supplementary studies. Such uncertainty can discourage investors and developers and make pumped hydro projects less attractive than storage alternatives that generally involve simpler permitting procedures and smaller physical footprints.
COVID-19 affected pumped hydro storage development through restrictions on construction, workforce availability, transportation, equipment supply, and project financing. Lockdown measures interrupted construction activities at various power-project sites, while supply-chain disruptions created difficulties in obtaining materials and specialized components. Lower electricity demand and market uncertainty also affected project revenues and investment decisions. Nevertheless, the effect was not uniform across all projects or regions. Some major hydropower developments continued with relatively limited schedule disruption, particularly in China. Pumped-storage capacity recorded a modest addition during 2020 despite these challenges. Overall, the pandemic temporarily complicated project execution, procurement, financing, and workforce management across the pumped hydro storage sector.
The Open-Loop Systems segment is expected to be the largest during the forecast period
The Open-Loop Systems segment is expected to account for the largest market share during the forecast period, because of its widespread deployment and compatibility with naturally connected water resources and conventional hydropower facilities. These systems can utilize existing reservoirs, waterways, and associated infrastructure, making them well suited for large-scale electricity storage and power system balancing. Their established technology, operational experience, and access to existing transmission infrastructure further support their adoption. Open-loop configurations are particularly relevant for storing surplus electricity and supplying power during periods of high demand. Their capabilities in renewable energy integration, load management, frequency control, and grid stabilization contribute to their continued prominence in the pumped hydro storage market.
The Grid Stability segment is expected to have the highest CAGR during the forecast period
Over the forecast period, the Grid Stability segment is predicted to witness the highest growth rate, driven by the expanding requirement to manage fluctuations from solar and wind power generation. Pumped hydro storage enables excess renewable electricity to be stored and subsequently supplied when renewable generation is insufficient, supporting better utilization of clean energy. Its ability to provide extended-duration storage makes it effective for addressing differences between renewable power availability and electricity consumption throughout the day. With renewable energy becoming a larger component of electricity systems, pumped hydro storage is increasingly valuable for improving supply reliability, reducing renewable curtailment, and strengthening system flexibility. Its contribution to energy balancing further supports adoption across evolving power networks.
During the forecast period, the Asia-Pacific region is expected to hold the largest market share, because of its well-established hydropower base, extensive reservoir infrastructure, and considerable pipeline of pumped storage projects. Major countries, including China, India, Japan, Australia, and South Korea, are supporting the development and modernization of pumped hydro facilities. The region's expanding renewable electricity capacity is increasing the requirement for dependable, large-scale energy storage that can balance variable generation. Favorable geographic characteristics and existing power infrastructure further support project deployment. Government initiatives, electricity-grid development, and investments in renewable energy are also reinforcing the importance of pumped hydro storage throughout Asia-Pacific's evolving power systems.
Over the forecast period, the Asia Pacific region is anticipated to exhibit the highest CAGR, driven by expanding renewable power generation, increasing electricity consumption, and stronger development of utility-scale storage infrastructure. Several countries are advancing pumped hydro facilities to manage fluctuations in renewable electricity and improve overall power-system flexibility. China and India represent major contributors because of their extensive development pipelines and supportive policy environments, while Australia, Japan, and South Korea are also strengthening storage capabilities. The region possesses considerable hydropower resources, favorable terrain, and established electricity infrastructure that facilitate pumped hydro deployment.
Key players in the market
Some of the key players in Pumped Hydro Storage Market include ANDRITZ AG, Voith GmbH & Co. KGaA, GE Vernova Inc., Toshiba Energy Systems & Solutions Corporation, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd., Hitachi Energy Ltd., Dongfang Electric Corporation, Harbin Electric Corporation, Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited, Power Construction Corporation of China, China Energy Engineering Corporation Limited, Electricite de France S.A., Enel Green Power S.p.A., Iberdrola, S.A., Statkraft AS, Tata Power Company Limited, Greenko Group and RWE AG.
In May 2026, GE Vernova secured an order from MEIL to supply nine 150 MW pumped-storage units for the 1.35 GW Upper Sileru hydropower plant in Andhra Pradesh, India. GE Vernova stated that this is its second pumped-storage project with MEIL, following the Kundah project.
In April 2026, Voith was awarded a contract by KWO to equip the Grimsel 4 pumped storage power plant in Switzerland. The project includes two 70 MW variable-speed pump turbines and associated motor-generators. Voith described the project as its first major new-build contract with KWO and an important milestone in their collaboration.
In March 2026, ANDRITZ secured a major order from Tata Power for the 1,000 MW Bhivpuri Pumped Storage Project in Maharashtra, India. The collaboration covers three reversible pump turbines, motor-generators, and associated electromechanical equipment, including design, installation, testing, and commissioning.
Note: Tables for North America, Europe, APAC, South America, and Rest of the World (RoW) Regions are also represented in the same manner as above.