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市場調查報告書
商品編碼
1859732
全球城市採礦和資源回收市場:未來預測(至2032年)-按材料類型、廢棄物類型、回收技術、最終用戶和地區進行分析Urban Mining & Resource Recovery Market Forecasts to 2032 - Global Analysis By Material Type, Waste Type, Recovery Technology, End User and By Geography |
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根據 Stratistics MRC 的數據,預計 2025 年全球城市採礦和資源回收市場規模將達到 248.7 億美元,到 2032 年將達到 626.2 億美元,預測期內複合年成長率為 14.1%。
城市採礦和資源回收專注於從廢棄電子產品、過時產品和城市基礎設施中回收貴金屬和材料。由於原料需求不斷成長以及傳統採礦的生態學限制,城市採礦提供了一種環境友善解決方案,可以最大限度地減少掩埋的堆積並保護地下資源。它採用先進的回收工藝、自動化材料分離和化學處理來提取黃金、銅和稀土等金屬。政策制定者和企業越來越支持城市採礦計劃,以促進循環經濟、減少環境足跡並加強資源供應鏈。隨著永續性和資源效率成為核心優先事項,預計市場將迎來顯著成長。
根據聯合國全球電子垃圾監測報告,電子廢棄物中貴金屬的濃度遠高於許多礦石。光是2019年,全球就產生了5,360萬噸電子廢棄物,其中可回收材料的價值高達625億美元。
電子廢棄物產生量不斷增加
全球電子廢棄物的激增是城市採礦和資源回收產業的主要驅動力。筆記型電腦、智慧型手機和消費性電器產品等設備的頻繁技術升級和短暫使用壽命導致電子廢棄物的堆積。這些廢棄物為提取貴金屬和基底金屬(例如黃金、銅、銀和稀土元素)提供了機會。包括產業和政策制定者在內的相關人員日益將城市採礦視為一種永續的途徑,既能將廢棄物轉化為有價值的資源,又能減少對環境的損害。不斷成長的廢棄電子產品數量確保了回收作業原料的穩定供應,從而刺激了市場擴張,並推動了全球對先進回收設施的投資。
高昂的初始投資成本
高昂的推出成本是城市採礦和資源回收業的一大限制因素。建造現代化回收廠、購置先進的提取設備以及整合高效的物料分揀和處理系統都需要大量資金。中小企業往往難以融資這些基礎設施的建設費用,這限制了參與企業。此外,諸如遵守法規、僱用技術純熟勞工以及維護設施等額外支出,進一步加重了企業的財務負擔。儘管資源回收具有長期效益,但這些高昂的初始成本可能會讓投資者望而卻步。因此,高額的資金需求仍然是一個主要障礙,減緩了都市區採礦實踐的普及,並阻礙了全球資源回收舉措的快速發展和擴張。
對稀土元素的需求不斷成長
全球對稀土元素(REE)的需求不斷成長,涵蓋電子產品、可再生能源系統和最尖端科技等領域,為城市採礦和資源回收產業帶來了巨大的發展機會。釹、鏑和鑭等關鍵金屬是電動車、風力發電機和先進電子產品不可或缺的組成部分。由於自然資源蘊藏量有限,傳統採礦方式又受到環境限制,城市採礦應運而生,成為從廢棄電子產品、電池和工業產品中提取稀土元素的永續解決方案。專注於都市區資源回收的企業能夠滿足這一需求,降低進口依賴,並促進循環經濟實踐,從而為市場的持續擴張和長期盈利奠定基礎。
與傳統採礦業的競爭
傳統採礦活動對城市採礦和資源回收產業構成重大威脅。傳統採礦方法通常具有基礎建設改善、規模大規模、生產成本較低等優勢,使得城市採礦企業難以保持競爭力。在自然資源豐富的地區,更經濟實惠的原料可能會降低從城市廢棄物中回收材料的吸引力。此外,全球大宗商品價格的波動也可能使傳統採礦比回收更具優勢。儘管城市資源回收具有環境效益並符合永續性目標,但這些競爭壓力可能會限制對城市採礦技術的投資,延緩市場普及,並限制其發展。
新冠疫情對城市採礦和資源回收產業造成了顯著影響,擾亂了全球供應鏈、廢棄物收集和回收作業。企業停工和旅行限制減少了電子廢棄物的可得性,延緩了材料回收和再利用計劃的進展。勞動力短缺和安全措施進一步阻礙了營運,全球大宗商品價格波動也影響了盈利。儘管面臨這些挑戰,疫情凸顯了永續性和高效資源管理的重要性,促使人們重新關注具有韌性的城市採礦基礎設施。雖然新冠疫情暫時減緩了市場成長,但也凸顯了城市資源回收在支持循環經濟、永續採購和環境保護方面的長期價值。
預計貴金屬板塊在預測期內將保持最大佔有率。
由於貴金屬具有重要的經濟價值,且廣泛應用於電子、珠寶飾品和高科技領域,預計在預測期內,貴金屬市場將佔據最大的市場佔有率。黃金、白銀和鉑金等金屬通常從廢棄設備、工業廢棄物和報廢產品中回收,因此它們是城市採礦策略的核心。高需求、有限的自然儲量以及不斷上漲的原料價格,共同推動了對貴金屬先進回收技術的投資。各組織致力於開採這些金屬,以提高盈利並維持關鍵資源的可靠供應。因此,貴金屬仍然是全球城市資源回收工作中最主要的領域。
預計在預測期內,電子電氣製造業將以最高的複合年成長率成長。
受電子廢棄物增多和技術不斷創新的推動,電子電氣製造業預計將在預測期內保持最高的成長率。產品快速更迭、頻繁升級以及消費性電子產品消費量的成長,產生了大量可供材料回收的廢棄設備。該行業蘊藏著豐富的寶貴資源,例如貴金屬、稀土元素和特殊塑膠,因此吸引了大量投資用於高效的回收技術。電子產品生產和處置的持續擴張也促進了該行業的快速成長。因此,電子電氣製造業正成為全球城市採礦計畫的關鍵成長引擎,反映了其巨大的市場潛力。
由於工業快速成長、電子廢棄物產生量龐大以及先進技術的廣泛應用,亞太地區預計將在預測期內佔據最大的市場佔有率。中國、日本和韓國等電子產品製造和消費水準高的國家會產生大量可供回收的廢棄電子設備。政府推行的回收、資源再生和循環經濟模式等政策將進一步加速市場發展。企業和消費者日益增強的環保意識和永續性措施正在推動對高效回收基礎設施的投資。豐富的電子廢棄物、有利的法規以及技術專長相結合,使亞太地區成為全球城市採礦和資源回收領域的領先地區。
預計在預測期內,中東和非洲地區將呈現最高的複合年成長率,這主要得益於工業化進程的加速、電子廢棄物的增加以及對永續的日益重視。城市擴張和電子製造業的成長產生了大量可用於材料回收的廢棄設備。各國政府正積極透過法規和獎勵來推動回收、循環經濟實踐和環境保護。對現代回收技術和基礎設施的投資正在提高貴金屬、稀土和其他有價值材料的回收率。快速的行業成長、監管支持和永續性意識的提高預計將推動該地區的顯著擴張,使其成為全球城市採礦成長最快的市場。
According to Stratistics MRC, the Global Urban Mining & Resource Recovery Market is accounted for $24.87 billion in 2025 and is expected to reach $62.62 billion by 2032 growing at a CAGR of 14.1% during the forecast period. Urban Mining & Resource Recovery focuses on retrieving precious metals and materials from discarded electronics, obsolete products, and city infrastructure. With the growing need for raw resources and the ecological constraints of conventional mining, urban mining provides an eco-friendly solution that minimizes landfill accumulation and preserves natural reserves. It employs sophisticated recycling processes, automated material separation, and chemical treatments to extract metals such as gold, copper, and rare earths. Policymakers and corporations are increasingly supporting urban mining projects to promote circular economies, reduce environmental footprints, and strengthen resource supply chains. This market is projected to experience significant growth as sustainability and resource efficiency become central priorities.
According to the UN Global E-waste Monitor, electronic waste contains significantly higher concentrations of precious metals than many mined ores. In 2019 alone, the world generated 53.6 million metric tons of e-waste, valued at USD 62.5 billion in recoverable materials.
Rising electronic waste generation
The global surge in electronic waste is significantly propelling the Urban Mining & Resource Recovery sector. Frequent technological upgrades and short lifespans of devices such as laptops, smartphones, and household electronics have led to an accumulation of e-waste. This waste stream offers opportunities to extract precious and base metals, including gold, copper, silver, and rare earth elements. Stakeholders, including industries and policymakers, increasingly view urban mining as a sustainable method to convert waste into valuable resources while mitigating environmental harm. The rising volume of discarded electronics ensures a consistent feedstock for recovery operations, driving market expansion and stimulating investments in advanced recycling facilities worldwide.
High initial investment costs
High startup expenses are a notable restraint for the Urban Mining & Resource Recovery sector. Setting up modern recycling plants, acquiring cutting-edge extraction equipment, and integrating efficient material sorting and processing systems require substantial funding. Small- and mid-sized businesses often struggle to finance such infrastructure, reducing their market participation. Additional expenses include regulatory compliance, skilled workforce hiring, and facility upkeep, further escalating financial commitments. These significant upfront costs may discourage investors despite the long-term returns from recovered materials. As a result, high capital requirements remain a key obstacle, slowing the adoption of urban mining practices and hindering the rapid development and expansion of resource recovery initiatives worldwide.
Growing demand for rare earth elements
Increasing global demand for rare earth elements (REEs) in electronics, renewable energy systems, and cutting-edge technologies offers a significant growth opportunity for the Urban Mining & Resource Recovery sector. Critical metals such as neodymium, dysprosium, and lanthanum are essential for electric vehicles, wind turbines, and advanced electronics. Due to limited natural reserves and environmental limitations of traditional mining, urban mining emerges as a sustainable solution for extracting REEs from obsolete electronics, batteries, and industrial byproducts. Companies focusing on urban resource recovery can meet this demand, decrease reliance on imports, and promote circular economy practices, paving the way for sustained market expansion and long-term profitability.
Competition from traditional mining
Traditional mining activities present a major threat to the Urban Mining & Resource Recovery sector. Conventional extraction methods often have the advantage of established infrastructure, large-scale operations, and lower production costs, making it harder for urban mining ventures to remain competitive. In areas with plentiful natural resources, raw materials can be more affordable and accessible, reducing the appeal of recovering materials from urban waste. Additionally, volatility in global commodity prices may favor conventional mining over recycling initiatives. These competitive pressures can restrict investments in urban mining technologies and slow market adoption, limiting the growth of urban resource recovery despite its environmental advantages and alignment with sustainability objectives.
The COVID-19 outbreak had a notable effect on the Urban Mining & Resource Recovery sector, causing disruptions in supply chains, waste collection, and recycling operations worldwide. Lockdowns and movement restrictions decreased the availability of electronic waste, delaying material recovery initiatives and recycling projects. Workforce shortages and safety measures further hindered operations, while fluctuating global commodity prices impacted profitability. Despite these challenges, the pandemic underscored the importance of sustainability and efficient resource management, prompting renewed focus on resilient urban mining infrastructure. While COVID-19 temporarily slowed market growth, it also emphasized the long-term value of urban resource recovery for supporting circular economies, sustainable sourcing, and environmental conservation.
The precious metals segment is expected to be the largest during the forecast period
The precious metals segment is expected to account for the largest market share during the forecast period due to their significant economic importance and widespread use in electronics, jewelry, and high-tech applications. Metals such as gold, silver, and platinum are commonly retrieved from obsolete devices, industrial residues, and end-of-life products, making them central to urban mining strategies. The combination of high demand, limited natural availability, and increasing raw material prices encourages investments in advanced recovery technologies targeting precious metals. Organizations focus on extracting these metals to enhance profitability and maintain a reliable supply of essential resources. Consequently, precious metals remain the most dominant segment in global urban resource recovery initiatives.
The electronics & electrical manufacturing segment is expected to have the highest CAGR during the forecast period
Over the forecast period, the electronics & electrical manufacturing segment is predicted to witness the highest growth rate, driven by rising electronic waste and continual technological innovation. Rapid product turnover, frequent upgrades, and increasing consumption of consumer electronics create large quantities of end-of-life devices suitable for material recovery. This segment is rich in valuable resources, including precious metals, rare earth elements, and specialized plastics, which attract significant investment in efficient recycling technologies. The continuous expansion of electronic production and disposal contributes to the segment's high growth rate. As a result, electronics and electrical manufacturing are emerging as the primary growth engine for urban mining initiatives worldwide, reflecting its strong market potential.
During the forecast period, the Asia Pacific region is expected to hold the largest market share, driven by rapid industrial growth, substantial electronic waste generation, and extensive adoption of advanced technologies. Nations such as China, Japan, and South Korea, with high electronic manufacturing and consumption rates, produce significant amounts of end-of-life devices suitable for recovery. Government policies promoting recycling, resource recovery, and circular economy models further accelerate market development. Increasing environmental awareness and sustainability initiatives among businesses and consumers boost investments in efficient recycling infrastructure. The synergy of abundant e-waste, supportive regulations, and technological expertise establishes Asia-Pacific as the leading region for urban mining and resource recovery globally.
Over the forecast period, the Middle East & Africa region is anticipated to exhibit the highest CAGR, fueled by rising industrialization, growing electronic waste, and increasing emphasis on sustainable development. Urban expansion and the growth of electronics manufacturing generate significant quantities of end-of-life devices available for material recovery. Governments are actively promoting recycling initiatives, circular economy practices, and environmental protection through regulations and incentives. Investment in modern recycling technologies and infrastructure is enhancing the recovery of precious metals, rare earths, and other valuable materials. The combination of rapid industrial growth, regulatory support, and sustainability awareness positions the region for substantial expansion, making it the highest growth rate market globally in urban mining.
Key players in the market
Some of the key players in Urban Mining & Resource Recovery Market include Elemental Holding, JX Advanced Metals, Umicore, Johnson Matthey, Materion Corporation, Boliden Group, Sims Limited, AET Environmental, Arch Enterprises, Dowa Eco-System, ECR World, Urban Mining Company (UMC), Attero, Excir and The Royal Mint.
In May 2025, Johnson Matthey has reached an agreement to sell its Catalyst Technologies business to Honeywell International at an enterprise value of £1.8 billion. The technologies that JM is selling to Honeywell include the development of hydrogen for industry and transport and sustainable aviation fuels for the airline industry.
In March 2025, Umicore has entered into two separate agreements for the supply of precursor cathode active materials (pCAM) for electric vehicle batteries with CNGR and Eco&Dream Co. (E&D). The pCAM, a critical component of EV batteries, will cater to Umicore's customer contracts in North America and Asia.
In January 2024, Elemental Holding SA, Luxembourg, and Mitsubishi Corp have agreed to form a strategic partnership involving platinum group metals (PGM) recycling. The transaction is subject to customary conditions and is expected to close in early 2024. As part of the strategic partnership, Mitsubishi will provide a trade finance working capital facility that will support the ramp-up of Elemental's PGM smelter and refinery to full production.
Note: Tables for North America, Europe, APAC, South America, and Middle East & Africa Regions are also represented in the same manner as above.