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2074807

48V低壓配電網路（PDN）架構及供應鏈整體情況（2026年）

48V Low-voltage Power Distribution Network (PDN) Architecture and Supply Chain Panorama Research Report, 2026

出版日期: 2026年06月08日 | 出版商:

ResearchInChina | 英文 700 Pages | 商品交期: 最快1-2個工作天內

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簡介目錄

48V低壓配電網路（PDN）調查－主動式48V供應鏈優先考慮高功率應用場景，例如線傳底盤

用於汽車應用的48V低壓配電網路（PDN）是指以48V為低壓配電標準的整個電力傳輸和分配系統，涵蓋從電源到負載的整個路徑。 48V低壓電氣系統的實施涉及關鍵產品和技術，例如架構路徑、48V電源系統、48V區域控制器和關鍵晶片、48V馬達和執行器以及48V連接器和線束。

長期以來，48V系統主要用於輕度混合動力車以提高燃油效率。然而，隨著新能源汽車智慧化和先進自動駕駛技術的快速發展，電氣負載持續增加，電力需求也顯著上升。考慮到線束複雜性、成本和功耗等因素，汽車製造商開始重新評估48V系統在車輛電子電氣架構中的價值。特斯拉Cybertruck，特斯拉的純電動皮卡，是首款採用48V低壓電氣系統的量產車型，實現了電氣架構的顯著改進和簡化。 48V電源分配網路（PDN）正成為下一代高階純電動平台的基礎架構要素。因此，本報告重點分析48V系統在純電動車平台中的應用場景，並探討相應的供應鏈發展。

48V PDN 優先部署方案 1：48V線控刹車底盤

根據目前OEM廠商及供應商的解決方案及部署進展，線控刹車底盤是電池式電動車48V系統部署的首要場景。傳統的12V系統受限於功率限制、線束重量和高能耗，不適用於線傳轉向、線控刹車和全主動懸吊系統高功率智慧負載。而48V系統則能有效應對這些挑戰。

48V線控刹車系統－此48V系統可提供1-3kW的瞬時高功率，滿足EMB馬達的功率需求。這可顯著提升馬達反應速度（反應時間縮短至100毫秒以內）、提高煞車精度、增強煞車力並縮短煞車距離。此外，它還支援先進的智慧駕駛功能，例如自動緊急煞車系統（AEBS）和緊急情況下的路邊自動疏散功能。

以小米汽車的48V四輪乾式電子機械煞車系統為例，每個車輪都配備一個獨立的48V EMB電子煞車卡鉗。卡鉗上安裝的馬達動力模組透過機械傳動機構直接驅動活塞，產生煞車力道。這提高了傳動效率，加快了煞車響應速度。與電液煞車系統相比，夾緊響應速度提升了40%。在100公里/小時的煞車測試中，從駕駛踩下煞車踏板到車輛完全停止的煞車距離縮短了1公尺以上。

小米的48V線控刹車系統採用「雙活塞EMB電子煞車卡鉗」。與傳統的單活塞EMB卡鉗相比，摩擦面積增加50%，即使在激烈駕駛和連續煞車的情況下，也能提供穩定卓越的煞車性能。此外，高精度扣夾力感測模組將夾緊精度提升一倍，實現更精準的煞車控制。這使得煞車過程中的減速更加平順，並能更準確地控制車距，顯著提升了手排和自排模式下的煞車體驗。同時，小米的EMB電子煞車卡鉗也具備主動式卡鉗-煞車片間隙調整功能，能夠智慧適應不同的駕駛狀況。這可以將煞車系統的摩擦損失（阻力矩）降低50%，從而延長車輛續航里程10公里以上。

48V線傳系統－此線傳系統採用48V架構。其高功率密度實現了無齒輪傳動、直接驅動的線傳轉向，從而將方向盤與車輪分離。這支援無方向盤的駕駛室佈局，並滿足高級自動駕駛對高速響應和完全冗餘（ASIL-D）的要求。此外，48V系統允許使用更輕的轉向執行器和經濟高效的冗餘設計，從而實現極其寬廣的轉向比調節範圍。

例如，博世華宇的48V直驅線控線傳產品採用48V架構，在滿足高轉向輔助需求的同時，減輕了電流和溫度控管負擔。在緊急避障和自動泊車等需要高輸出功率的情況下，48V架構在轉向性能的優勢更為顯著。駕駛者可以直覺地感受到馬達轉速提升所帶來的轉向反應速度提升。博世華宇的48V線控線傳產品預計最快2027年開始量產。

博世48V直驅線傳轉向手感模擬單元採用直驅系統，無減速齒輪，實現無損指令傳輸。配合電控系統，有效減輕重量並提升能源效率。與傳統蝸輪蝸桿系統相比，此單元提高了轉向柱剛性，增強了轉向控制精度。它不僅最佳化了NVH性能和轉向手感，還顯著提高了功率密度，在相同體積下助力性能提升超過50%。此外，產品結構的簡化和製造流程的改進也有效提升了系統的穩定性和可靠性。

結合廣角後輪轉向系統，48V直驅線控線傳技術可提供15.5牛頓米的最大輸出扭力。其高度一體化的結構設計顯著提高了系統的剛性和穩定性，並透過實現不受溫度波動影響的精確扭矩輸出，為使用者帶來純粹而細膩的轉向感受。

48V 全主動懸吊－48V 全主動懸吊的核心設計理念是「將致動器置於振動源附近」。無刷直流馬達、微型液壓幫浦、電磁閥和控制器完全整合並封裝在避震器體內，緊鄰每個車輪的減震器。這徹底省去了傳統液壓懸吊中使用的中央液壓泵站和長距離高壓管路，從而實現了毫秒的動態調節。 48V 馬達驅動主動懸吊，透過精確控制車輛姿態，實現了比傳統液壓系統更快的響應速度，並顯著提升了操控性和乘坐舒適性。

以蔚來汽車的48V一體化全主動懸吊方案為例，其核心部件是高度整合的48V電液泵，將微型馬達、馬達控制器和液壓泵體整合在減震器附近。每個車輪都配備一個由低壓48V電源驅動的電液幫浦。微型電機為峰值輸出功率5kW的48V無刷無刷馬達，透過對減震器施加主動力來調節車輛姿態。該系統每秒可進行1000次扭力調節，調節範圍可達90mm，其調節速度比氣壓懸吊系統快60倍。此外，在特定條件下，還可以透過再生煞車來能源回收。

這款48V整合解決方案的主要優點在於其高速響應（執行器響應時間僅需1毫秒，系統級控制頻率高達40赫茲）和高精度。它能有效濾除人體最敏感的4-8赫茲範圍內的細微振動，其效果比傳統空氣懸吊系統高出三倍以上。因此，它尤其適用於應對日常路面不平整，例如地層下陷、顛簸、減速帶以及持續的細微起伏。

以Zeekr 9X的48V主動懸吊系統為例，其核心技術主要體現在48V主動防傾防傾的組合。 48V主動防傾桿能夠瞬間修正車輛姿態，顯著降低車身側傾，提昇在崎嶇路面上的行駛舒適性，並提供側面碰撞保護。在80公里/小時的高速過彎時，車身側傾幾乎為零。

此微型馬達工作電壓為48V，反應時間為0.2秒。它可產生1400牛頓米的提升扭矩，最大提升高度可達80毫米，即使在高速轉彎時也能將車身側傾降至幾乎為零。此外，如果偵測到側面碰撞風險，碰撞側的底盤可在0.7秒內瞬間抬起。

48V PDN 優先部署方案 2：48V 分區特定電源分配

目前的車輛設計基於12V系統。許多傳統的車載負載，例如車身控制模組、照明系統、儀表板、多媒體系統和雨刷等，仍依賴12V電源。另一方面，48V系統的主要應用場景是局部高功率高功率設備，例如底盤系統（如線控刹車和線傳）、高功率音響系統、智慧照明系統、智慧座椅和電動車窗馬達等。透過在保持主12V電源分配的同時引入局部48V系統，可以提升車輛性能。因此，12V和48V系統將在車輛中長期共存。考慮到各汽車製造商不同的架構開發策略，48V電源的引進將透過分階段過渡的方式逐步進行。

第一階段：在12V系統中增加48V作為第三個電壓域。目前市售的48V解決方案通常旨在最大限度地降低改造成本。在現有的12V低電壓電源架構中，增加了一個48V電源和一個高壓-48V直流/直流轉換器。 12V和48V均為主要配電電壓，其中48V僅供電給局部高功率負載。這種混合電源架構導致車輛線束和配電網路的複雜性最高。

第二階段：48V主電源分配，區域內混合使用48V和12V電源。這是從12V架構過渡到全48V架構的中間階段。車輛的主電源分配網路升級到48V，高功率負載遷移到48V系統。部分低功率ECU和負載暫時保留在12V系統上，並透過整合在區域控制單元（ZCU）中的48V-12V DC-DC模組供電。這形成了一種混合架構，每個區域內48V和12V電源共存。此階段的最大優勢在於，它在降低系統複雜性的同時，保持了與尚未完全兼容48V的舊組件的兼容性，從而在成本和技術進步之間取得了平衡。

第三階段：整車採用48V電源供電。所有ECU和負載均升級至48V，取消車輛上的所有12V電源。系統結構顯著簡化，從而在成本、重量和可靠性方面實現了最佳性能。

隨著汽車電子電氣架構的演進，基於區域的架構結合48V支援實現了分散式電源分配。 48V系統在區域控制器中的應用主要圍繞在混合電源分配架構展開，該架構由48V主幹網路和局部12V電源組成。 48V主幹網路連接到每個區域控制器，其中整合的48V-12V DC-DC模組可同時為48V和12V負載提供混合電源，從而實現更靈活的電源分配和故障隔離。在基於區域的供電場景中，與12V架構相比，48V架構可將線束重量和成本降低約85%。即使是車窗馬達之類的局部負載，也可將線束重量降低60%以上，並將成本最佳化50%以上。

2026年4月，恩智浦半導體（NXP）與東軟瑞馳（Neusoft Reach）共同發布了基於NeuSAR作業系統的CoreRide Z248區域控制器系統解決方案。該方案整合了晶片、智慧電源管理、預先安裝安全認證軟體、資料管理和音訊功能。 Z248 CoreRide的B樣機預計將於今年第四季上市，全面最佳化的最終版本預定於2027年底發布。

CoreRide Z248 區域控制器系統解決方案是恩智浦 (NXP) 最新推出的 48V 電氣架構系統級解決方案，基於恩智浦 S32K5 晶片平台開發。 S32K5 採用 Arm® Cortex™-M7 和 Cortex-R52 內核，支援單核心、多核心或鎖步內核配置。它採用 16nm 製程製造，使用 MRAM 儲存技術，並提供高達 ASIL-D 的功能安全等級。

此外，Z248預裝了東軟瑞馳的NeuSAR OS基礎軟體，可實現系統級軟硬體協同最佳化。它可直接作為OEM廠商和一級供應商開發區域控制器的基礎平台，從而將區域控制器的開發工作量減少高達50%。

48V PDN 產業鏈：雖然半導體裝置相對成熟，但微型馬達生態系統仍有改進空間。

從 12V 系統升級到 48V 系統會改變相關半導體元件的效能需求。在硬體層面，需要升級電源轉換晶片、驅動晶片和通訊晶片，同時還要增加內部 48V/12V DC-DC 轉換器，並考慮電壓隔離和散熱設計。就產業鏈成熟度而言，適用於 48V 系統的電源管理產品，例如電子熔斷器、DC/DC 轉換器、高側開關、閘極無刷馬達、橋式驅動晶片、無刷馬達驅動晶片、有刷馬達驅動晶片和 MOSFET，已經上市。然而，這些產品尚未大規模普及，成本仍然相對較高。高度整合的產品，例如電源管理積體電路 (PMIC) 和單板電腦 (SBC) 晶片，仍供不應求。因此，48V DC/DC 轉換器目前是 48V 系統電源管理的核心元件。

從12V系統到48V系統的過渡對執行器產生了顯著影響。傳統的12V馬達、繼電器及類似元件不能直接用於48V環境，需要重新設計其絕緣等級及耐壓能力。此外，48V馬達轉子繞組中銅線的直徑較小，匝數較多，換向器和電刷的耐壓需求也較高，因此需要調整繞組匝數。從產業鏈成熟度來看，致動器和48V馬達等負載產品仍相對不成熟，需要進一步最佳化與電源管理積體電路（PMIC）的相容性。

48V電源分配網路產業鏈的特徵是半導體發展取得了顯著進展，但致動器發展滯後，相關標準仍在不斷改進中。隨著特斯拉、蔚來和小米等汽車製造商的推動，以及ISO、SAE和GB標準的逐步改進，預計2028年至2030年間，該技術將迎來大規模應用的轉捩點。

為了支援下一代 48V 智慧汽車執行器，博世於 2026 年 6 月推出了 SD148，這是一款高度整合的智慧馬達控制器，專為原生 48V 汽車應用而設計。 SD148 將多個關鍵功能模組（包括 MCU、PMU、閘極驅動器、電流偵測和通訊介面）整合到單一晶片上，從而減少了對外部元件的依賴。這帶來了許多優勢，例如簡化系統結構、減少外部元件、降低元件成本、提高效率以及降低 PCB 複雜性，從而最佳化了無刷直流馬達控制應用。

SD148 直接由 48V 汽車電氣網路供電，支援高達 2kW 的負載。它採用 32 位元 ARM® Cortex-M33® 處理器，運行頻率為 80 MHz，並支援磁場方向控制 (FOC) 等高級馬達控制演算法。它可廣泛應用於各種設備，包括水泵、風扇、座椅調節器、煞車系統和轉向系統。

SD148 整合了一款高效開關穩壓器，專為汽車 48V 系統最佳化設計。與傳統的線性電壓轉換方法相比，它可實現更低的功耗、更小的熱應力、更高的系統效率和更簡化的溫度控管。這些優勢在風扇和水泵等中功率馬達應用中尤其顯著。 SD148 專為下一代基於區域的集中式電氣和電子架構而設計，支援在緊湊型邊緣節點中整合智慧、感測和執行功能。這不僅能夠實現分散式智慧執行器架構，還能同時支援向集中式運算架構的演進。

意義
汽車低壓電氣架構發展史
48V 低電壓電源分配網路：定義
48V低壓配電架構的需求促進因素
48V低壓PDN架構與12V低壓PDN架構的比較
48V低壓配電架構的應用優勢
48V系統的設計挑戰
48V低壓PDN架構廣泛應用面臨的困難與障礙
48V PDN系統結構的演變
48V PDN系統結構設計
48V PDN 配電系統設計
48V PDN電氣架構：技術挑戰
48V PDN 電氣架構：成本影響
48V PDN電氣架構：成本效益評估
48V PDN電氣架構：工業發展方向
48V低壓配電架構對組件的影響
48V 低壓 PDN 架構帶來的新元件機遇
48V 低電壓 PDN 架構元件升級概述
48V低壓PDN架構的元件開發流程與趨勢
在48V低壓PDN架構中優先考慮元件開發
從 12V 過渡到 48V 可能面臨的挑戰
48V底盤系統 -底盤系統為將 48V 技術應用於車輛提供了最佳的成本效益。
48V PDN 元件的創新：隨著從 12V 到 48V 架構的過渡，模組需要進行調整。
48V PDN 組件創新：採用高效率 DC-DC 轉換器
48V PDN 元件創新：採用新型晶片封裝 (ChiP) 功率模組
48V PDN 組件創新：48V 電源（電池）
關於48V低壓配電網的政策與標準
48V 低電壓 PDN：標準系統概述
國際標準
歐洲標準：歐盟LV124標準
歐洲標準：歐盟LV148標準
中國標準：建議國家標準 GB/T 45120-2024 道路車輛 48V 電源電壓的電氣要求和試驗
中國標準：國家標準 GB 18384-2020 電動車安全要求
48V架構市場需求評估與預測。
48V低壓PDN的量產前景
2022-2030年全球新能源乘用車（48V PDN）普及率及銷售預測
中國新能源乘用車（48V PDN）市場規模：2022-2030年預測

第2章：48V低壓配電網的應用場景

48V EMB（電子機械煞車）
48V線控轉向
48V 全主動懸吊
48V區域控制器
48V電動車窗
48V電子泵
48V電子風扇
48V 音響系統
48V智慧座椅
48V照明系統
48V鋰電池
48V BMS（電池管理系統）
48V 直流/直流轉換器
面向未來的有前景的技術

第3章：48V低壓PDN元件供應鏈調查

48V半導體元件
48V元件供應鏈成熟度概述
- 48V電子保險絲
- 48V驅動晶片
- 48V DC/DC晶片
- 48V LDO晶片
- 48V PMIC/SBC晶片
- 48V 通訊晶片

第4章：OEM廠商的48V架構部署

Tesla
NIO
Xiaomi Auto
Hongqi (FAW)
Changan Automobile
Chery Automobile
BYD
Zeekr
Great Wall Motors (GWM)
Dongfeng Motor
Leapmotor
JAC (Jianghuai Automobile)
XPeng
GAC Group
Li Auto
SAIC IM (Zhiji)
Lamborghini

第5章：48V低壓配電網路一級供應商調查

Jingwei Hirain
精威海蘭：48V系統產品及解決方案概述
精維丸因48V系統產品分析
Bosch
博世：48V系統產品和解決方案概述
博世48V系統產品分析
Forvia HELLA
HELLA 48V 汽車電源架構設計
海拉：48V系統產品與解決方案概述
海拉48V系統產品分析
G-Pulse電子公司
48V PDN項目
48V PDN項目
Aptiv
Aptiv 48V 系統解決方案產品佈局
安波福：48V系統產品與解決方案概述
Aptiv 48V 系統產品分析
Innoscience
Innoscience：48V系統產品與解決方案概述
Innoscience 48V 降壓電源解決方案 - 四相 2kW 降壓電源解決方案
Valeo
法雷奧：48V系統產品與解決方案概述
法雷奧48V系統產品分析
Vicor
Vicor：48V 產品佈局
Vicor：48V系統產品與解決方案概述
Vicor：48V分散式電力傳輸架構
Vicor：48V區域架構解決方案
Vicor 48V 系統產品分析
Vicor 48V PDN 應用解決方案
Schaeffler
舍弗勒：48V架構規劃
Tuopu
拓普：48V系統產品及解決方案概述
拓普48V系統產品分析
Nasn Automotive（Nabtesco Automotive）
NASN汽車：48V系統產品與解決方案概述
Nasn Automotive 48V 系統解決方案
Gentherm
Gentherm 48V 系統產品與解決方案概述
Gentherm-48V電源系統
Gentherm-48V溫度控管系統

第6章：48V低壓PDN元件供應商調查

Texas Instruments (TI)
Infineon
STMicroelectronics（ST）
ON Semiconductor（onsemi）
NXP Semiconductors
Allegro MicroSystems
MPS (Monolithic Power Systems)
ADI
Renesas Electronics
3PEAK（Sipower）
Silicon Content Technology (SCT)
Meraki（Maoruixin）
Southchip Semiconductor (Nanxin)
AAC Technologies (Ruisheng)
Johnson Electric (Dechang Motor)
Brose (Boze)
TE Connectivity (Taike Electronics)
Molex

簡介目錄

Product Code: XX020

Research on 48V Low-Voltage Power Distribution Network (PDN): An Active 48V Supply Chain, with Priority Deployment in High-Power Scenarios Such as Steer-by-Wire Chassis

The automotive 48V low-voltage power distribution network (PDN) refers to the entire power transmission and distribution system that uses 48V as the low-voltage distribution standard, covering the path from the power source to the loads. The introduction of a 48V low-voltage electrical system involves key products and technologies such as architectural pathways, 48V power systems, 48V zonal controllers and key chips, 48V motors and actuators, as well as 48V connectors and wiring harnesses.

For a long time, 48V systems have primarily been used in mild hybrid vehicles to improve fuel economy. However, with the rapid development of vehicle intelligence and advanced autonomous driving in new energy vehicles, electrical loads have continued to increase and power demands have grown significantly. Considering factors such as wiring harness complexity, cost, and power consumption, automakers have begun to reassess the value of 48V within the vehicle's E/E architecture. "Tesla Cybertruck","Battery electric pickup truck by Tesla was the first mass-produced vehicle to adopt a 48V low-voltage electrical system, representing a major improvement and simplification of electrical architecture. The 48V PDN is becoming a foundational infrastructure element for next-generation high-end battery electric platforms. Therefore, this report focuses on analyzing the application scenarios of 48V systems in pure electric vehicle platforms and studying the development of the corresponding supply chain.

48V PDN Priority Deployment Scenario 1: 48V Brake-by-Wire Chassis

Based on the current solutions and implementation progress of OEMs and suppliers, the brake-by-wire chassis is the highest-priority deployment scenario for 48V systems in battery electric vehicles. Traditional 12V systems, constrained by power limitations, heavy wiring harnesses, and high energy consumption, struggle to support high-power intelligent loads such as steer-by-wire, brake-by-wire, and fully active suspension systems. The 48V system naturally addresses these challenges.

48V Brake-by-Wire System: A 48V system can provide instantaneous high power of 1-3 kW, meeting the power requirements of EMB motors. It enables faster motor response (with response times reduced to under 100 ms), higher braking precision, and greater braking force, resulting in shorter braking distances. It also supports advanced intelligent driving functions such as Automatic Emergency Braking Systems (AEBS) and emergency autonomous pull-over maneuvers.

Taking Xiaomi Auto's 48V four-wheel dry electromechanical braking system as an example: each wheel is equipped with an independent 48V EMB electronic brake caliper. The motor power module mounted on the caliper directly drives the piston through a mechanical transmission mechanism to generate braking force, achieving higher transmission efficiency and faster braking response. Compared with electro-hydraulic braking systems, the clamping response speed is improved by 40%. In 100 km/h braking tests, the braking distance-from the moment the driver presses the brake pedal to the vehicle coming to a complete stop-is reduced by more than 1 meter.

Xiaomi's 48V brake-by-wire system uses "dual-piston EMB electronic brake calipers." Compared with traditional single-piston EMB calipers, the friction area is increased by 50%, enabling stable and outstanding braking performance even during aggressive driving and repeated braking scenarios. In addition, the high-precision clamping force sensing module doubles clamping accuracy, allowing finer brake control and ensuring smoother deceleration and more precise following distances during braking, greatly enhancing both human-driven and intelligent driving braking experiences. At the same time, Xiaomi's EMB electronic brake calipers feature active caliper-pad gap adjustment, which can intelligently adapt according to operating conditions. This reduces braking system friction losses (drag torque) by 50% and increases vehicle driving range by more than 10 kilometers.

48V steer-by-wire system: The steer-by-wire system adopts a 48V architecture. Its high power density makes a "gearless" direct-drive steer-by-wire system possible, achieving decoupling between the steering wheel and the wheels, supporting steering-wheel-free cabin layouts, and meeting the requirements of advanced autonomous driving for rapid response and fully redundant safety (ASIL-D). In addition, the 48V system enables a lighter and more cost-effective redundant design for steering actuators and allows for an extremely wide steering ratio adjustment range.

Taking Bosch Huayu's 48V direct-drive steer-by-wire product as an example: it adopts a 48V architecture that reduces current and thermal management pressure while satisfying the demand for high steering assist output. In scenarios requiring high power output, such as emergency obstacle avoidance and automated parking, the advantages of the 48V architecture on steering performance become even more apparent. Drivers can directly perceive the improved steering response speed resulting from higher motor speed. Bosch Huayu's 48V steer-by-wire product is expected to enter mass production as early as 2027.

Bosch's 48V direct-drive steer-by-wire steering feel simulation unit adopts a direct-drive solution without a reduction mechanism, enabling lossless transmission of commands. Paired with a 48V electronic control unit, it achieves lightweight design and energy-saving goals. Compared with traditional worm-gear solutions, it improves steering-column rigidity and enhances steering control precision. It not only optimizes NVH performance and steering feel, but also significantly increases power density, delivering more than a 50% increase in assist performance within the same volume. In addition, the simplified product structure and more refined manufacturing processes effectively improve system stability and reliability.

When combined with a large-angle rear-wheel steering system, the 48V direct-drive steer-by-wire technology can deliver a maximum output torque of 15.5 Nm. Its highly integrated structural design greatly improves system rigidity and stability, enabling precise torque output unaffected by temperature fluctuations and providing users with a pure and refined steering feel.

48V Full Active Suspension: The core design philosophy of the 48V full active suspension is to "place the actuator closer to the source of vibration." It fully integrates and encapsulates the brushless DC motor, miniature hydraulic pump, solenoid valve, and controller within the damper body itself, positioning them directly beside each wheel's damper. This completely eliminates the central hydraulic pump station and long high-pressure pipelines used in traditional hydraulic suspensions, enabling active adjustments at the millisecond level. The 48V motor drives the active suspension, providing a faster response than conventional hydraulic systems and allowing precise body attitude control for improved handling and ride comfort.

Taking NIO's 48V integrated full active suspension solution as an example: its core component is a 48V electro-hydraulic pump that highly integrates a micro motor, motor controller, and hydraulic pump body adjacent to the damper. Each wheel is equipped with one electro-hydraulic pump powered by a 48V low-voltage supply. The micro motor uses a 48V BLDC brushless motor with a peak power output of 5 kW. By applying active force to the damper, it adjusts vehicle body attitude. The system can perform 1,000 torque adjustments per second with an adjustment range of up to 90 mm. Its adjustment speed is 60 times faster than that of air suspension systems. In certain scenarios, it can also achieve a degree of regenerative braking energy recovery.

The key advantages of the 48V integrated solution are its rapid response (1 ms actuator response time and a system-level control frequency of 40 Hz) and high precision. Its ability to filter fine vibrations in the 4-8 Hz range, to which the human body is most sensitive, is more than three times better than that of traditional air suspension systems. This makes it particularly suitable for handling everyday road irregularities such as subsidence, bumps, speed humps, and continuous small undulations.

Taking the Zeekr 9X's 48V active suspension solution as an example: its core technology is mainly embodied in its 48V active anti-roll bar. The Zeekr 9X adopts a technical combination of a closed dual-chamber air suspension, dual-valve CCD electromagnetic dampers, and a 48V active anti-roll bar. The 48V active anti-roll bar can instantly correct vehicle body posture, significantly suppress body roll, improve ride comfort on rough roads, and provide side-impact protection. When the vehicle corners at a high speed of 80 km/h, body roll is almost zero.

The micro motor operates on 48V, with a response time of 0.2 seconds. It can provide 1,400 N*m of lifting torque and achieve a maximum lifting effect of 80 mm, allowing the vehicle to maintain near-zero body roll during high-speed cornering. In addition, when an impending side collision is detected, the chassis on the impacted side can be raised instantly within 0.7 seconds.

48V PDN Priority Deployment Scenario 2: 48V Zonal Power Distribution

Current vehicles are designed based on 12V systems. A large number of traditional in-vehicle loads, such as body control modules, lighting, instrument clusters, multimedia systems, windshield wipers, and others, still rely on 12V power supply. Meanwhile, the primary application scenarios for 48V systems target localized high-power devices, including brake-by-wire and steer-by-wire chassis systems, high-power audio systems, intelligent lighting, smart seats, and power window motors. By retaining the main 12V power distribution while introducing localized 48V systems, vehicle performance can be improved. As a result, 12V and 48V systems will coexist in vehicles for a long time. Considering that automakers follow different architectural development paths, 48V power supply will be implemented gradually through transitional stages.

Phase 1: 48V as a third voltage domain added to the 12V system. Current production 48V solutions generally aim to minimize modification costs. A 48V power source and an HV-to-48V DC/DC converter are added to the existing 12V low-voltage power architecture. The primary power distribution levels for both 12V and 48V coexist, with 48V supplying only localized high-power loads. This hybrid power architecture results in the highest complexity for the vehicle wiring harness and power distribution network.

Phase 2: 48V main power distribution with mixed 48V/12V power within zones. This is an intermediate stage in the transition from 12V to a fully 48V architecture. The vehicle's main power distribution network is upgraded to 48V, and high-power loads have migrated to the 48V system. Some low-power ECUs and loads temporarily remain on the 12V system and are powered through 48V-to-12V DC-DC modules integrated within zonal control units (ZCUs), forming a hybrid architecture in which 48V and 12V coexist within each zone. The core value of this stage lies in reducing system complexity while maintaining compatibility with traditional components that have not yet been adapted to 48V, making it a compromise solution that balances cost and technological evolution.

Phase 3: Full-vehicle 48V power supply. All ECUs and loads are upgraded to 48V, and the vehicle no longer contains any 12V power supply. The system architecture is greatly simplified, achieving optimal performance in terms of cost, weight, and reliability.

With the evolution of automotive E/E architectures, zonal architectures combined with 48V adaptation enable distributed power distribution. The application of 48V systems within zonal controllers mainly revolves around a hybrid power distribution architecture consisting of a "48V backbone network plus localized 12V." A 48V backbone connects to each zonal controller, where integrated 48V-to-12V DC-DC modules enable mixed power supply for both 48V and 12V loads, providing more flexible power distribution and fault isolation. In zonal power supply scenarios, a 48V architecture can reduce wiring harness weight and cost by approximately 85% compared with a 12V architecture. Even for localized loads such as window motors, more than 60% wiring harness weight reduction and over 50% cost optimization can be achieved.

In April 2026, NXP and Neusoft Reach jointly released the CoreRide Z248 zonal controller system solution based on NeuSAR OS. The solution integrates chips, intelligent power management, pre-integrated safety-certified software, data management, and audio functions. It is expected to launch the Z248 CoreRide B-sample product in the fourth quarter of this year, with the final fully performance-optimized version scheduled for release by the end of 2027.

The CoreRide Z248 zonal controller system solution is NXP's latest system-level solution for 48V electrical architectures and is developed based on the NXP S32K5 chip platform. The S32K5 features Arm? Cortex?-M7 and Cortex-R52 cores and supports single-core, multicore, or lockstep core configurations. It is manufactured using a 16nm process, adopts MRAM storage technology, and provides functional safety up to ASIL-D.

The Z248 also comes pre-integrated with Neusoft Reach's NeuSAR OS basic software, achieving system-level hardware-software co-optimization. It can be directly used as a foundational platform for OEMs and Tier 1 suppliers to develop zone controllers, reducing zone controller development workload by up to 50%.

48V PDN Industry Chain: Semiconductor Device Maturity Is Relatively High, While the Micromotor Ecosystem Still Needs Improvement

Upgrading from a 12V system to a 48V system also changes the performance requirements for related semiconductor components. Power conversion, driver, and communication chips at the hardware level need to be upgraded, while internal 48V/12V DC-DC converters must be added, along with considerations for voltage isolation and thermal design. In terms of industry chain maturity, products for power management in 48V systems-including e-Fuses, DC/DC converters, high-side switches, gate drivers, bridge driver chips, brushless motor driver chips, brushed motor driver chips, and MOSFETs-are already available. However, because large-scale deployment has not yet occurred, costs remain relatively high. High-integration products such as PMICs and SBC chips are still lacking. Therefore, 48V DC/DC converters are currently the core components of power management in 48V systems.

The transition from 12V to 48V systems also has a significant impact on actuators. Traditional 12V motors, relays, and similar components cannot be directly used in a 48V environment and require redesigned insulation ratings and voltage withstand capabilities. In addition, the copper wire diameter in the rotor windings of 48V motors becomes smaller, the number of turns increases, and the voltage withstand requirements for commutators and brushes rise, requiring adjustments to the winding turns as well. From the perspective of industry chain maturity, actuators and load products such as 48V motors remain relatively immature, and their compatibility with PMICs still needs optimization.

The 48V PDN industry chain is characterized by advanced semiconductor development, lagging actuator development, and standards that are still evolving. With promotion from automakers such as Tesla, NIO, and Xiaomi, as well as the gradual improvement of ISO, SAE, and GB standards, large-scale adoption is expected to reach an inflection point between 2028 and 2030.

To support the next generation of 48V intelligent automotive actuators, Bosch launched the highly integrated SD148 intelligent motor controller in June 2026, specifically designed for native 48V automotive applications. The SD148 integrates multiple key functional modules-including the MCU, PMU, gate driver, current sensing, and communication interfaces-into a single chip, reducing dependence on external components. It offers advantages such as simplified system architecture, fewer external components, lower bill-of-materials costs, improved efficiency, and reduced PCB complexity, optimizing BLDC motor control applications.

The SD148 is powered directly from a 48V vehicle electrical network and supports loads of up to 2 kW. It incorporates a 32-bit ARM? Cortex-M33? processor operating at 80 MHz and supports advanced motor control algorithms such as field-oriented control (FOC). It can be widely used in applications including water pumps, fans, seat adjusters, braking systems, steering systems, and other areas.

The SD148 integrates a high-efficiency switching regulator optimized for automotive 48V systems. Compared with traditional linear voltage conversion methods, it achieves lower power consumption, reduced thermal stress, improved system efficiency, and simplified thermal management. These advantages are particularly evident in medium-power motor applications such as fans and water pumps. The SD148 is specifically designed for next-generation zonal centralized electrical/electronic architectures, supporting the integration of intelligence, sensing, and actuation within compact edge nodes. It enables distributed intelligent actuator architectures while also supporting the evolution toward centralized computing architectures.

1 Overview of 48V Low-Voltage PDN

1.1 Definition
History of Automotive Low-Voltage Electrical Architectures
48V Low-Voltage PDN: Definition
Demand Drivers for 48V Low-Voltage Power Distribution Architecture (1)
Demand Drivers for 48V Low-Voltage Power Distribution Architecture (2)
48V Low-Voltage PDN Architecture vs. 12V Low-Voltage PDN Architecture
Application Advantages of 48V Low-Voltage Power Distribution Architecture (1)
Application Advantages of 48V Low-Voltage Power Distribution Architecture (2)
Application Advantages of 48V Low-Voltage Power Distribution Architecture (3)
Application Advantages of 48V Low-Voltage Power Distribution Architecture (4)
Design Challenges of 48V Systems (1)
Difficulties and Obstacles in the Popularization of 48V Low-Voltage PDN Architecture (1)
Difficulties and Obstacles in the Popularization of 48V Low-Voltage PDN Architecture (2)
1.2 Evolution of 48V PDN System Architecture
48V PDN System Architecture Design (1)
48V PDN Power Distribution System Design (5)
48V PDN Electrical Architecture: Technical Challenges
48V PDN Electrical Architecture: Resulting Cost Changes
48V PDN Electrical Architecture: Cost-Benefit Assessment
48V PDN Electrical Architecture: Industrialization Development Direction
1.3 Impact of 48V Low-Voltage Power Distribution Architecture on Components
New Component Opportunities Brought by 48V Low-Voltage PDN Architecture
Summary of Component Upgrades for 48V Low-Voltage PDN Architecture
Component Development Process and Trends for 48V Low-Voltage PDN Architecture
Priority Assessment for Component Development in 48V Low-Voltage PDN Architecture (1)
Priority Assessment for Component Development in 48V Low-Voltage PDN Architecture (2)
Priority Assessment for Component Development in 48V Low-Voltage PDN Architecture (3)
Priority Assessment for Component Development in 48V Low-Voltage PDN Architecture (4)
Potential Challenges in the Transition from 12V to 48V
48V Chassis System - The Chassis System Offers the Highest Cost-Benefit Ratio for Applying 48V Technology in Vehicles
48V PDN Component Innovation: Modules Requiring Adjustment for the 12V to 48V Architecture Transition
48V PDN Component Innovation: Adoption of High-Efficiency DC-DC Converters
48V PDN Component Innovation: Adoption of Novel ChiP Power Modules
48V PDN Component Innovation: 48V Power Supply (Battery)
1.4 48V Low-Voltage PDN Policies and Standards
48V Low-Voltage PDN: Summary of Standard System (1)
48V Low-Voltage PDN: Summary of Standard System (2)
48V Low-Voltage PDN: Summary of Standard System (3)
International Standards (1)
International Standards (8)
European Standards: EU LV124 Standard
European Standards: EU LV148 Standard (1)
European Standards: EU LV148 Standard (2)
Chinese Standards: Recommended National Standard GB/T 45120-2024 Road Vehicles-48V Supply Voltage Electrical Requirements and Tests
Chinese Standards: National Standard GB 18384-2020 Electric Vehicles Safety Requirements
1.5 Assessment and Forecast of 48V Architecture Market Demand
Mass Production Prospects for 48V Low-Voltage PDN
Global New Energy Passenger Car 48V PDN Penetration Rate and Sales,2022-2030E(1)
GloGlobal New Energy Passenger Car 48V PDN Penetration Rate and Sales,2022-2030E(2)
China New Energy Passenger Car 48V PDN Market Size,2022-2030E (1)
China New Energy Passenger Car 48V PDN Market Size,2022-2030E (2)

2 Application Scenarios for 48V Low-Voltage PDN

2.1 Scenario 1: Chassis System
- 2.1.1 48V EMB (Electro-Mechanical Brake)
Automotive Braking System: Technology Development Path (1)
Automotive Braking System: Technology Development Path (2)
Automotive Braking System: Technology Development Path (3)
Background of 48V EMB Technology Development
Summary of 48V EMB System Suppliers and Solutions
48V EMB Solution 1
48V EMB Solution 2
48V EMB Solution 3
48V EMB Solution 4
Summary of Core Component Suppliers and Products for 48V EMB
48V EMB Core Component 1
48V EMB Core Component 2

2.1.2 48V Steer-by-Wire

Automotive Steering System: Technology Development Path (1)
Automotive Steering System: Technology Development Path (2)
Background of 48V Steering System Technology Development
OEM Deployment Status for 48V Steering Systems
Summary of 48V Steering System Suppliers and Solutions (1)
Summary of 48V Steering System Suppliers and Solutions (2)
48V Steering System Solution 1
48V Steering System Solution 6
Summary of Core Component Suppliers and Products for 48V Steering Systems
Core Component Product Analysis for 48V Steering System (1)
Core Component Product Analysis for 48V Steering System (2)
Core Component Product Analysis for 48V Steering System (3)

2.1.3 48V Fully Active Suspension

Automotive Suspension System: Technology Development Path (1)
Automotive Suspension System: Technology Development Path (2)
Automotive Suspension System: Technology Development Path (3)
Background of 48V Active Suspension System Technology Development
Comparison of 48V Active Suspension and 800V Active Suspension (1)
Comparison of 48V Active Suspension and 800V Active Suspension (2)
Comparison of 48V Active Suspension Solutions
OEM Deployment Status for 48V Active Suspension Systems
48V Active Suspension Solution 1
48V Active Suspension Solution 2
48V Active Suspension Solution 3
Summary of Core Component Suppliers and Products for 48V Active Suspension Systems
48V Active Suspension Core Component 1
48V Active Suspension Core Component 2
48V Active Suspension Core Component 3
2.2 Scenario 2: Body Domain
- 2.2.1 48V Zone Controller
Background of 48V Zone Architecture Technology Development (1)
Background of 48V Zone Architecture Technology Development (2)
Background of 48V Zone Architecture Technology Development (3)
Evolution of 48V Power Distribution Architecture (1)
Evolution of 48V Power Distribution Architecture (2)
48V Zone Controller Design - Power Architecture Selection
48V Zone Controller Design - Power Network Topology and Functional Safety Design (1)
48V Zone Controller Design - Power Network Topology and Functional Safety Design (2)
48V Zone Controller Design - 48V Semiconductor Device Selection
48V Zone Controller Design - 48-12V Bidirectional DCDC Topology Selection
48V Zone Controller Design - Grid Isolation Switch Design
48V Zone Controller Design - Smart eFuse
Summary of 48V Zone Controller Manufacturers and Solutions (1)
Summary of 48V Zone Controller Manufacturers and Solutions (2)
48V Zone Controller Solution 1
48V Zone Controller Solution 7

2.2.2 48V Power Windows

Power Windows: Technology Development Path
Background of 48V Power Window Technology Development
Summary of 48V Power Window Manufacturers and Products
2.3 Scenario 3: Thermal Management System
- 2.3.1 48V Electronic Pump
Electronic Pump: Technology Development Path (1)
Electronic Pump: Technology Development Path (2)
Background of 48V Electronic Pump Technology Development
Summary of 48V Electronic Pump Manufacturers and Products (1)
Summary of 48V Electronic Pump Manufacturers and Products (2)
48V Electronic Pump Product

2.3.2 48V Electronic Fan

Thermal Management - Cooling Fan: Technology Development Path (1)
Thermal Management - Cooling Fan: Technology Development Path (2)
Background of 48V Electronic Fan Technology Development
Summary of 48V Electronic Fan Manufacturers and Products
48V Electronic Fan Products
2.4 Scenario 4: Intelligent Cockpit
- 2.4.1 48V Audio System
Background of 48V In-Vehicle Audio System Technology Development
Summary of 48V Audio System Manufacturers and Solutions
48V In-Vehicle Audio System Solution

2.4.2 48V Smart Seat

Automotive Seats: Technology Development Path (1)
Automotive Seats: Technology Development Path (2)
Automotive Seats: Technology Development Path (3)
Background of 48V Smart Seat Technology Development
Summary of 48V Smart Seat Manufacturers and Products
48V Smart Seat Product

2.4.3 48V Lighting System

Automotive Headlamps: Technology Development Path (1)
Automotive Headlamps: Technology Development Path (2)
Automotive Headlamps: Technology Development Path (3)
Background of 48V Automotive Lighting System Technology Development
48V Architecture Enables Lighting Control Module (LCM) Solutions
Summary of 48V Automotive Lighting System Manufacturers and Products
48V Automotive Lighting System Solution 1
48V Automotive Lighting System Solution 2
48V Automotive Lighting System Solution 3
48V Lighting System Core Components
2.5 Scenario 5: Power Supply System
- 2.5.1 48V Lithium Battery
48V Lithium Battery for New Energy Vehicles
Tesla Cybertruck Introduces 48V Lithium Battery
Parameter Requirements for 48V Battery Packs (1)
Parameter Requirements for 48V Battery Packs (2)
Summary of 48V Lithium Battery Manufacturers and Products
48V Lithium Battery Product 1
48V Lithium Battery Application Solution 1
48V Lithium Battery Application Solution 2
48V Lithium Battery Application Solution 3
48V Lithium Battery Application Solution 4

2.5.2 48V BMS (Battery Management System)

Composition of BMS under 48V Architecture
Development Trends of BMS under 48V Architecture
48V BMS Design Key Points 1
48V BMS Design Key Points 2
48V BMS Design Key Points 3
Summary of 48V BMS Manufacturers and Solutions
48V BMS Solutions

2.5.3 48V DC/DC Converter

48V DC/DC Converter: Following the Evolution of Power Distribution Architecture (1)
48V DC/DC Converter: Following the Evolution of Power Distribution Architecture (2)
The Need for Introducing 48-12V Bidirectional DC/DC Converters at the Current Stage
48V DC/DC Converter: Design Requirements
Summary of 48V DC/DC Converter Manufacturers and Solutions (1)
Summary of 48V DC/DC Converter Manufacturers and Solutions (2)
48V DC/DC Converter Solution 1
48V DC/DC Converter Solution 5
2.6 Scenario 6: Prospects for 48V Forward-Looking Technology Applications
- 2.6.1 Prospective Technology 1
Integrated High/Low Voltage Power Architecture
Integrated High/Low Voltage Power: Application Advantages
48V Low-Voltage Power Integration Solution 1
48V Low-Voltage Power Integration Solution 2
48V Low-Voltage Power Integration Solution 3

2.6.2 Prospective Technology 2

Supercapacitors: Definition and Classification
Supercapacitors vs. Standard Capacitors: Comparison of Key Performance Parameters
Supercapacitors vs. Batteries: Comparison of Key Performance Parameters
Supercapacitors: Summary of Core Application Scenarios
Supercapacitor Core Application Scenario 1
Supercapacitor Core Application Scenario 2
Supercapacitor Core Application Scenario 3
Supercapacitor Core Application Scenario 4
Supercapacitors: Technology Evolution Roadmap (1)
Supercapacitors: Technology Evolution Roadmap (2)
Supercapacitors: Summary of Manufacturers and Solutions (1)
Supercapacitors: Summary of Manufacturers and Solutions (2)
Supercapacitor Product Analysis
Supercapacitor Application Solution
OEM Supercapacitor Application Deployment

2.6.3 Prospective Technology 3

Hybrid Communication Network under 48V Architecture: Etherloop + TTPoE (1)
Hybrid Communication Network under 48V Architecture: Etherloop + TTPoE (2)
Hybrid Communication Network under 48V Architecture: Etherloop + TTPoE (3)
Hybrid Communication Network under 48V Architecture: Etherloop + TTPoE (4)
Hybrid Communication Network under 48V Architecture: Etherloop + TTPoE (5)

3 48V Low-Voltage PDN Component Supply Chain Research

3.1 48V Semiconductor Components
Maturity Summary of the 48V Component Supply Chain

3.1.1 48V e-Fuse

e-Fuse is the Core Device for 48V Smart Power Distribution
Key Design Points for 48V e-Fuse
Summary of 48V e-Fuse Manufacturers and Products (1)
Summary of 48V e-Fuse Manufacturers and Products (2)
48V e-Fuse Product Analysis 1
48V e-Fuse Product Analysis 5

3.1.2 48V Driver Chip

Design Requirements for 48V Driver Chip (1)
Design Requirements for 48V Driver Chip (2)
Summary of 48V Driver Chip Vendors and Products (1)
Summary of 48V Driver Chip Vendors and Products (2)
Summary of 48V Driver Chip Vendors and Products (3)
Summary of 48V Driver Chip Vendors and Products (4)
Summary of 48V Driver Chip Vendors and Products (5)
48V Driver Chip Product Analysis (1)
48V Driver Chip Product Analysis (6)
48V Driver Chip Application Solution

3.1.3 48V DC/DC Chip

Mainstream Power Management Solutions for 48V Applications
Summary of 48V DC/DC Chip Vendors and Products (1)
Summary of 48V DC/DC Chip Vendors and Products (2)
48V DC/DC Chip Product Analysis 1
48V DC/DC Chip Product Analysis 4

3.1.4 48V LDO Chip

Summary of 48V LDO Vendors and Products
48V LDO Product Analysis

3.1.5 48V PMIC/SBC Chip

48V PMIC/SBC Chips Expected to Eliminate One Level of DC/DC Conversion
Summary of 48V PMIC/SBC Chip Vendors and Products
48V PMIC/SBC Chip Product Analysis 1
48V PMIC/SBC Chip Product Analysis 2

3.1.6 48V Communication Chip

Performance Requirements for 48V Communication Chips
48V In-Vehicle Communication Bus Standards
Summary of 48V Communication Chip Vendors and Products
48V Communication Chip Product Analysis
3.2 48V Micro Motors
Performance Impact of 48V Low-Voltage PDN Architecture on Actuators/Motors
48V Low-Voltage PDN Architecture: Which Actuators Face 48V Upgrade?
Differences between 48V Motors and 12V Motors
48V Motor Segmentation Application in Automotive - Body Domain (1)
48V Motor Segmentation Application in Automotive - Body Domain (2)
48V Motor Segmentation Application in Automotive - Chassis Domain
48V Motor Segmentation Application in Automotive - Thermal Management Domain
Motor Type Selection for Automotive 48V Motors
Challenges of 48V Conversion for Brushed DC Motors
Automotive 48V Motors/Actuators: Summary of Manufacturer Layout and Product Solutions (1)
Automotive 48V Motors/Actuators: Summary of Manufacturer Layout and Product Solutions (2)
Automotive 48V Motor/Actuator Product Solutions (1)
Automotive 48V Motor/Actuator Product Solutions (5)
Automotive 48V Motor Application Case Study (1)
Automotive 48V Motor Application Case Study (2)
Automotive 48V Motor Application Case Study (3)
3.3 48V Connectors and Wiring Harnesses
New Demands for Automotive Connectors under 48V Electrical Architecture (1)
New Demands for Automotive Connectors under 48V Electrical Architecture (2)
48V Automotive Connectors: Technical Challenges and Solutions (1)
48V Automotive Connectors: Technical Challenges and Solutions (2)
48V Automotive Connectors: LVCS (Low Voltage Connector Standard) Standard
48V Automotive Connectors: Color Coding
Summary of 48V Connector Manufacturers and Products
48V Connector Product Analysis

4 OEM 48V Architecture Deployment

4.1 Tesla
Tesla: 48V Low-Voltage PDN Architecture Deployment (1)
Tesla: 48V Low-Voltage PDN Architecture Deployment (2)
Tesla 48V Low-Voltage Power Supply Architecture Planning 1
Tesla 48V Low-Voltage Power Supply Architecture Planning 2
Tesla 48V Low-Voltage Power Supply Architecture Planning 3
Tesla 48V Low-Voltage Power Supply Architecture Planning 4
Tesla 48V Low-Voltage Power Supply Architecture Design: LVCS Connector (1)
Tesla 48V Low-Voltage Power Supply Architecture Design: LVCS Connector (2)
Interpretation of Tesla Cybertruck 48V Full-Domain Architecture (1)
Interpretation of Tesla Cybertruck 48V Full-Domain Architecture (11)
4.2 NIO
NIO: 48V Low-Voltage PDN Architecture Deployment (1)
NIO: 48V Low-Voltage PDN Architecture Deployment (2)
NIO NT3.0 Platform: 48V Low-Voltage PDN Architecture
NIO NT3.0 Platform: SkyRide*Tianxing Intelligent Chassis
NIO NT3.0 Platform: 48V Integrated Fully Active Suspension (1)
NIO NT3.0 Platform: 48V Integrated Fully Active Suspension (2)
NIO NT3.0 Digital Architecture Design: Chassis System Using 48V Power Supply
NIO ET9: Low-Voltage Power Supply Design Approach (1)
NIO ET9: Low-Voltage Power Supply Design Approach (2)
NIO ET9: Front and Rear Intelligent Power Units (IPU_F and IPU_R) Powering the Battery
NIO ET9: 12V Battery and 48V Battery Electrical Topology
NIO ET9: Installation Locations of 12V and 48V Batteries
4.3 Xiaomi Auto
Xiaomi Auto: 48V Low-Voltage Power Network Architecture Deployment (1)
Xiaomi Auto: 48V Low-Voltage Power Network Architecture Deployment (2)
Xiaomi Auto 48V Architecture Layout 1
Xiaomi Auto 48V Architecture Layout 2
Xiaomi Auto 48V System Patent Analysis
4.4 Hongqi (FAW)
Hongqi: 48V Low-Voltage Power Network Architecture Deployment (1)
Hongqi: 48V Low-Voltage Power Network Architecture Deployment (2)
Hongqi 48V Architecture Layout
Hongqi 48V System Patent Analysis 1
Hongqi 48V System Patent Analysis 2
Hongqi 48V System Patent Analysis 5
4.5 Changan Automobile
Changan Automobile: 48V Low-Voltage Power Network Architecture Deployment (1)
Changan Automobile: 48V Low-Voltage Power Network Architecture Deployment (2)
Changan Automobile: Classification of Next-Generation 48V PDN Low-Voltage Power Architecture Forms
Changan Automobile: Outlook for Next-Generation 48V PDN Technology
Changan Automobile 48V System Patent Analysis 1
Changan Automobile 48V System Patent Analysis 2
Changan Automobile 48V System Patent Analysis 3
4.6 Chery Automobile
Chery Automobile: 48V Low-Voltage Power Network Architecture Deployment (1)
Chery Automobile: 48V Low-Voltage Power Network Architecture Deployment (2)
Chery 48V Low-Voltage Power Supply Architecture Planning
Chery 48V System Patent Analysis 1
Chery 48V System Patent Analysis 2
4.7 BYD
BYD: 48V Low-Voltage Power Network Architecture Deployment (1)
BYD: 48V Low-Voltage Power Network Architecture Deployment (2)
BYD 48V System Patent Analysis
4.8 Zeekr
Zeekr: 48V Low-Voltage Power Network Architecture Deployment (1)
Zeekr: 48V Low-Voltage Power Network Architecture Deployment (2)
Zeekr 48V Low-Voltage PDN Architecture Design: Medium-Voltage System Design (1)
Zeekr 48V Low-Voltage PDN Architecture Design: Medium-Voltage System Design (2)
Zeekr 48V Low-Voltage PDN Architecture Design: 48V Active Stabilizer Bar
Zeekr ZEEA 3.0 Zone Intelligent Power Distribution Design: Introduced MOSFET or HSD Chips, Next Step is 48V (1)
Zeekr ZEEA 3.0 Zone Intelligent Power Distribution Design: Introduced MOSFET or HSD Chips, Next Step is 48V (2)
4.9 Great Wall Motors (GWM)
GWM: 48V Low-Voltage Power Network Architecture Deployment (1)
GWM: 48V Low-Voltage Power Network Architecture Deployment (2)
GWM: 12V & 48V Primary Intelligent Power Distribution System Design (1)
GWM: 12V & 48V Primary Intelligent Power Distribution System Design (10)
4.10 Dongfeng Motor
Dongfeng Motor: 48V Low-Voltage Power Network Architecture Deployment (1)
Dongfeng Motor: 48V Low-Voltage Power Network Architecture Deployment (2)
Dongfeng Motor: Next-Generation 48V PDN Technology Outlook (1)
Dongfeng Motor: Next-Generation 48V PDN Technology Outlook (2)
Dongfeng Motor 48V System Patent Analysis 1
Dongfeng Motor 48V System Patent Analysis 2
4.11 Leapmotor
Leapmotor: 48V Low-Voltage Power Network Architecture Deployment (1)
Leapmotor: 48V Low-Voltage Power Network Architecture Deployment (2)
Leapmotor 48V System Patent Analysis 1
Leapmotor 48V System Patent Analysis 2
4.12 JAC (Jianghuai Automobile)
JAC: 48V Low-Voltage Power Network Architecture Deployment (1)
JAC: 48V Low-Voltage Power Network Architecture Deployment (2)
JAC 48V System Patent Analysis
4.13 XPeng
XPeng: 48V Low-Voltage Power Network Architecture Deployment (1)
XPeng: 48V Low-Voltage Power Network Architecture Deployment (2)
4.14 GAC Group
GAC: 48V Low-Voltage Power Network Architecture Deployment (1)
GAC: 48V Low-Voltage Power Network Architecture Deployment (2)
4.15 Li Auto
Li Auto: 48V Low-Voltage Power Network Architecture Deployment (1)
Li Auto: 48V Low-Voltage Power Network Architecture Deployment (2)
4.16 SAIC IM (Zhiji)
SAIC IM: 48V Low-Voltage Power Network Architecture Deployment (1)
SAIC IM: 48V Low-Voltage Power Network Architecture Deployment (2)
4.17 Lamborghini
Lamborghini - 48V Product Line and Design Approach
Lamborghini - 48V EPS

5 Research on Tier 1 Suppliers for 48V Low-Voltage PDN

5.1 Jingwei Hirain
Jingwei Hirain: Summary of 48V System Products and Solutions
Jingwei Hirain 48V System Product Analysis 1
Jingwei Hirain 48V System Product Analysis 2
5.2 Bosch
Bosch: Summary of 48V System Products and Solutions (1)
Bosch: Summary of 48V System Products and Solutions (2)
Bosch 48V System Product Analysis 1
Bosch 48V System Product Analysis 2
Bosch 48V System Product Analysis 3
Bosch 48V System Product Analysis 4
5.3 Forvia HELLA
HELLA 48V Vehicle Power Architecture Design
HELLA: Summary of 48V System Products and Solutions
HELLA 48V System Product Analysis 1
HELLA 48V System Product Analysis 2
5.4 G-Pulse Electronics
48V PDN Planning 1
48V PDN Planning 2
5.5 Aptiv
Aptiv 48V System Solution Product Layout
Aptiv: Summary of 48V System Products and Solutions
Aptiv 48V System Product Analysis 1
Aptiv 48V System Product Analysis 2
5.6 Innoscience
Innoscience: Summary of 48V System Products and Solutions
Innoscience 48V Power Step-Down Solution: 4-Phase 2kW Step-Down Power Solution (1)
Innoscience 48V Power Step-Down Solution: 4-Phase 2kW Step-Down Power Solution (2)
5.7 Valeo
Valeo: Summary of 48V System Products and Solutions
Valeo 48V System Product Analysis 1
Valeo 48V System Product Analysis 2
5.8 Vicor
Vicor: 48V Product Layout
Vicor: Summary of 48V System Products and Solutions
Vicor: 48V Distributed Power Transmission Architecture
Vicor: 48V Zone Architecture Solution (1)
Vicor: 48V Zone Architecture Solution (2)
Vicor: 48V Zone Architecture Solution (3)
Vicor: 48V Zone Architecture Solution (4)
Vicor 48V System Product Analysis
Vicor 48V PDN Application Solution
5.9 Schaeffler
Schaeffler: 48V Architecture Planning
5.10 Tuopu
Tuopu: Summary of 48V System Products and Solutions
Tuopu 48V System Product Analysis
5.11 Nasn Automotive (Nabtesco Automotive)
Nasn Automotive: Summary of 48V System Products and Solutions
Nasn Automotive 48V System Solution
5.12 Gentherm
Gentherm: Summary of 48V System Products and Solutions
Gentherm - 48V Power System
Gentherm - 48V Thermal Management System