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1771398

2018-2034年全球氯鹼市場需求及預測分析

Global Chloralkali Market Demand & Forecast Analysis, 2018-2034

出版日期: 2025年06月11日 | 出版商:

Prismane Consulting | 英文 160 Pages | 商品交期: 3-5個工作天內

價格

簡介目錄

全球氯鹼產業是化學工業的基礎環節，透過電解氯化鈉 (NaCl) 生產氯氣、燒鹼（氫氧化鈉）和氫氣等必需化學品。此製程的產出固定，稱為電化學單元 (ECU)，其中 1 噸氯氣會同時生產約 1.1 噸燒鹼和 0.03 噸氫氣。此生產過程能源密集度極高，能源成本佔總製造支出的近 45%。氯氣（主要產品）和燒鹼（主要副產品）廣泛應用於各行各業，是塑膠、紡織、紙漿和造紙、建築、氧化鋁精煉和水處理等行業的關鍵原料。

氯鹼產業主要採用膜電解槽技術進行生產，該技術由於比隔膜電解槽和汞電解槽等傳統技術更高的能源效率和更低的環境足跡而成為業界標準。在這些電解槽中電解鹽水（NaCl溶液），在陽極產生氯氣，在陰極產生燒鹼和氫氣。氯氣的強氧化性使其成為一種高活性工業氣體。氯氣的產量與氯氣需求密切相關，因為燒鹼生產是氯氣的依賴性副產品，將兩個市場在營運和經濟上緊密聯繫在一起。

氯的需求量與應用展望

氯的需求主要來自二氯乙烷 (EDC) 和聚氯乙烯 (PVC) 的生產，這兩個產業的氯消耗量佔全球氯消耗總量的一半以上。其他重要的氯消耗產業包括有機和無機化學品生產、氯化中間體、C1/C2 芳烴、異氰酸酯、環氧丙烷、水處理以及紙漿和造紙工業。氯在乙烯基聚合物的生產中尤其重要，因此其需求與全球建築、基礎設施和塑膠產業的趨勢直接相關。亞太地區佔據全球氯市場主導地位，約佔總需求的 50%，其中中國憑藉其強勁的塑膠、化學品和建築業，佔據了大部分消費佔有率。北美和西歐的需求緊隨其後，儘管這些地區的成長受到成熟市場和環境法規的限制。

燒鹼需求及應用展望

燒鹼是一種用途廣泛的關鍵工業鹼。全球最大的燒鹼消費產業是氧化鋁產業，約佔總需求的20%。燒鹼也廣泛用於有機和無機化學品生產、食品加工、肥皂和洗滌劑製造、紡織、水處理以及燒結等冶金製程。受中國和印度等國工業成長和人口擴張的推動，亞太地區再次引領燒鹼消費。緊隨其後的是北美和西歐，其工業和環境應用領域的需求穩定。燒鹼的體積特性意味著其區域消費與人口密度、工業產出和基礎設施發展密切相關。

區域市場動態與貿易模式

亞太地區是全球氯鹼生產和需求的中心，擁有大部分裝置容量，並推動全球出口量的成長。尤其是中國，其自給自足能力日益增強，預計2025年其出口市場佔有率將持續擴大。相較之下，北美近年來產能擴張不顯著，預計在預測期內仍將維持淨進口狀態。該地區的需求集中在EDC/PVC生產和氯化中間體。在南美，化學工業是氯的主要終端使用產業，而西歐則保持了相對的自給自足。歐洲逐步淘汰含汞工廠，以及從HCl中回收氯等新生產路線的出現，可能會對該地區市場產生影響。中東和拉丁美洲正成為前景光明的市場，工業活動不斷成長，紡織、水處理和建築業對氯鹼衍生物的需求也不斷成長。

主要製造商

氯鹼市場的特點是全球化工業巨頭和專注於區域的製造商的結合。市場領先公司包括阿克蘇諾貝爾公司 (AkzoNobel NV)、信實工業有限公司 (Reliance Industries Limited)、陶氏杜邦公司 (DowDuPont)、西方石油公司 (Occidental Petroleum Corporation) 和台塑集團 (Formosa Plastics Group)。這些公司通常採用垂直整合模式，控制上游原料和下游產品分銷。其他主要參與者包括 Axiall Corporation、INEOS ChlorVinyls、拜耳材料科學股份公司 (Bayer Material Science AG)、ATP 集團和 CRISTAL（國家鈦白粉公司）。

市場驅動力：PVC需求不斷成長

氯鹼市場的主要成長動力是全球對聚氯乙烯（PVC）需求的激增，尤其是在快速發展的經濟體。聚氯乙烯的生產嚴重依賴氯，廣泛應用於管道、電纜、建築材料和基礎設施相關領域。都市化進程加快、經濟適用房擴張以及新興市場基礎設施投資的增加，都推動了這項需求。此外，全球對清潔水資源和衛生條件改善的追求，也加速了氯在水處理系統中的使用，進一步支撐了市場成長。氧化鋁生產商和鋼鐵業的持續需求也強化了燒鹼在重工業中的長期重要性。

市場限制：環境挑戰

儘管氯鹼產業用途廣泛，但它仍面臨著與環境足跡和高能耗相關的嚴峻挑戰。監管機構對過時的汞電池技術的嚴厲打擊以及排放標準的合規要求，增加了生產商的營運成本。此外，能源價格，尤其是作為電解製程主要成本組成部分的電力，容易受到區域波動和地緣政治風險的影響，進而影響獲利能力。這些因素可能會限制監管框架嚴格或電價較高的地區的成長，促使製造商進行創新或將產能遷移至成本競爭力更強、監管更寬鬆的地區。

戰略問題
供需分析與預測（2018-2034）
- 容量
- 產能利用率（%）
- 生產
- 導入
- 出口
- 淨貿易
- 要求
- 需求成長率（%）
- 驅動力分析
- 全球氯鹼市場（按類型）
氯
燒鹼
- 全球氯鹼市場（按氯的應用）
乙二胺/聚氯乙烯
C1/C2芳烴
無機化學品
有機化學品
氯化中間體
異氰酸酯
環氧丙烷
紙漿和造紙
水處理
其他
- 全球氯鹼市場（按燒鹼應用）
氧化鋁
無機化學品
有機化學品
食物
紙漿和造紙
肥皂和洗滌劑
紡織品
水處理
鋼鐵/冶金-燒結
其他

第9章：供需分析與市場回顧，依地區、依國家（數量、價值），（2018-2034）

戰略問題
容量
產能利用率（%）
生產
導入
出口
淨出口
要求
需求成長率（%）
氯鹼市場（按類型）
氯鹼市場（以氯的應用）
氯鹼市場，依燒鹼應用分類

註：所有主要地區/國家的供需分析如下。各國家/地區的需求（消費）按類型、氯氣和燒鹼用途分類，並按數量（千噸）和金額（百萬美元）進行了分類。

北美洲
美國
加拿大
墨西哥
西歐
德國
法國
義大利
英國
西班牙
西歐其他地區
中歐和東歐
俄羅斯
波蘭
中歐和東歐其他地區
亞太
中國
日本
印度
韓國
亞太其他地區
中美洲和南美洲
中東和非洲

註：將計算所有類型、氯和苛性鈉應用的複合年成長率，以得出預測期內（2025 - 2034 年）區域/全球需求-供應成長情況

第10章：定價分析

氯鹼平均價格，美元/公斤
各地區平均價格
價格預測

第 11 章：關鍵策略問題

第 12 章：商業機會評估

市場吸引力評估
潛在及目標市場研究

第13章：策略建議與建議

第 14 章：公司分析

氯鹼製造商概況/公司分析
- 基本細節
- 總部、主要市場
- 所有權
- 公司財務
- 生產基地
- 全球營業額
- 員工總數
- 產品組合 / 服務 / 解決方案
- 採用的關鍵業務策略和 Prismane Consulting 概述
- 最新動態
- 涵蓋的公司 -
阿克蘇諾貝爾公司
信實工業有限公司
西方石油公司
台塑集團
Axiall 公司
拜耳材料科學股份公司
英力士氯乙烯
ATP集團
美國國家二氧化鈦公司（CRISTAL）
其他製造商

註：本節包含公司資訊、公司財務狀況、生產基地和營運區域。僅對那些已在美國證券交易委員會 (SEC) 文件、年度報告或公司網站上揭露財務狀況的公司，才會提及公司財務狀況。本報告中所有財務數據均以美元為單位。以其他貨幣報告的財務數據已使用平均貨幣匯率進行轉換。公司簡介可能包括製造商、供應商和分銷商。

第 15 章：附錄

需求-供應 - 區域
需求-供應 - 國家
容量，2018-2034

簡介目錄

The global chlor-alkali industry is a foundational segment of the broader chemical sector, producing essential chemicals such as chlorine, caustic soda (sodium hydroxide), and hydrogen through the electrolysis of sodium chloride (NaCl). This process yields a fixed output ratio known as the Electrochemical Unit (ECU), where 1 ton of chlorine co-produces approximately 1.1 tons of caustic soda and 0.03 tons of hydrogen. The production process is highly energy-intensive, with energy costs accounting for nearly 45% of the total manufacturing expenditure. Chlorine, the primary product, and caustic soda, a key co-product, are widely used across a variety of industries, forming critical raw materials for sectors such as plastics, textiles, pulp and paper, construction, alumina refining, and water treatment.

The chlor-alkali industry primarily uses membrane cell technology for production, which has become the standard due to its higher energy efficiency and lower environmental footprint compared to older technologies like diaphragm and mercury cells. The electrolysis of brine (NaCl solution) in these cells generates chlorine gas at the anode and caustic soda at the cathode, along with hydrogen gas. Chlorine's strong oxidizing properties makes it a highly reactive industrial gas. The industry's output is closely linked to chlorine demand, as caustic soda production is a dependent co-product, tying both markets together operationally and economically.

Chlorine Demand and Application Outlook

Chlorine demand is led by the production of EDC (ethylene dichloride) and PVC (polyvinyl chloride), which together account for more than half of total global chlorine consumption. Other significant chlorine-consuming sectors include the production of organic and inorganic chemicals, chlorinated intermediates, C1/C2 aromatics, isocyanates, propylene oxide, water treatment, and the pulp and paper industry. Chlorine is especially important in manufacturing vinyl polymers, and therefore its demand directly correlates with global trends in construction, infrastructure, and plastics. Asia-Pacific holds the dominant share of the global chlorine market, capturing approximately 50% of total demand, with China driving the majority of consumption due to its robust plastics, chemicals, and construction industries. North America and Western Europe follow in terms of demand, although growth in these regions is limited by mature markets and environmental regulations.

Caustic Soda Demand and Application Outlook

Caustic soda is a critical industrial alkali with a wide spectrum of applications. Its largest consumer globally is the alumina industry, accounting for around 20% of total demand. It is also heavily used in the production of organic and inorganic chemicals, food processing, soap and detergent manufacturing, textiles, water treatment, and metallurgical processes such as sintering. The Asia-Pacific region again leads caustic soda consumption, driven by industrial growth and demographic expansion in countries such as China and India. North America and Western Europe follow, with steady demand across industrial and environmental applications. The bulk nature of caustic soda means that its regional consumption is closely tied to population density, industrial output, and infrastructure development.

Regional Market Dynamics and Trade Patterns

Asia-Pacific is the epicenter of global chlor-alkali production and demand, housing most of the installed capacity and driving global export volumes. China, in particular, has become increasingly self-sufficient and is expected to expand its market share in exports through 2025. North America, by contrast, has not witnessed significant capacity expansions in recent years and is projected to remain in a net import position during the forecast period. The region's demand is concentrated in the EDC/PVC production and chlorinated intermediates. In South America, the chemicals industry is the dominant end-use sector for chlorine, while Western Europe has maintained relative self-sufficiency. The phase-out of mercury-based plants in Europe and the emergence of new production routes such as chlorine recovery from HCl are likely to influence the regional market. The Middle East and Latin America are emerging as promising markets with rising industrial activity and increased demand for chlor-alkali derivatives in textiles, water treatment, and construction.

Key Manufacturers

The chlor-alkali market is characterized by a combination of global chemical giants and regionally focused manufacturers. Leading companies in the market are AkzoNobel N.V., Reliance Industries Limited, DowDuPont, Occidental Petroleum Corporation, and Formosa Plastics Group. These firms are typically vertically integrated, controlling both upstream raw materials and downstream product distribution. Additional major players include Axiall Corporation, INEOS ChlorVinyls, Bayer Material Science AG, ATP Group, and CRISTAL (The National Titanium Dioxide Company).

Market Driver: Rising demand for PVC

A major growth driver for the chlor-alkali market is the surging global demand for PVC, especially in fast-developing economies. PVC, which relies heavily on chlorine for production, is extensively used in pipes, cables, construction materials, and infrastructure-related applications. Rising urbanization, expansion of affordable housing, and increased infrastructure investment in emerging markets are fueling this demand. Additionally, the global push toward clean water access and improved sanitation is accelerating the use of chlorine in water treatment systems, further supporting market growth. The consistent demand from alumina producers and the steel industry also reinforces the long-term relevance of caustic soda in heavy industry.

Market Restraint: Environmental challenges

Despite its broad industrial utility, the chlor-alkali industry faces critical challenges related to its environmental footprint and high energy consumption. Regulatory crackdowns on outdated mercury cell technology and the need for compliance with emissions standards have increased operational costs for producers. Moreover, energy prices particularly electricity, which is a major cost component in the electrolysis process are subject to regional volatility and geopolitical risks, impacting profitability. These factors may constrain growth in regions with tight regulatory frameworks or high electricity tariffs, prompting manufacturers to innovate or relocate capacity to more cost-competitive and regulation-friendly regions.

1. Introduction

Scope
Market Coverage
- Types
- By Chlorine Application
- By Caustic Soda Application
- Regions
- Countries
Years Considered
- Historical - 2018 - 2023
- Base - 2024
- Forecast Period - 2025 - 2034
Research Methodology
- Approach
- Research Methodology
- Prismane Consulting Market Models
- Assumptions & Limitations
- Abbreviations & Definitions
- Conversion Factors
- Data Sources

2. Market Synopsis

Market Evolution
Demand-Supply Overview
Industry Structure
Strategic Issues
End-use Trends
Growth Forecast

3. Economic & Energy Outlook

GDP and Demographics
Monetary & Fiscal Policies
Crude Oil Production and prices
Natural Gas
Electricity Prices

4. End-use Sector Performance

Chemical
Pulp & Paper
Water Treatment
Food & Beverages
Soaps and Detergent
Textile
Others

5. Capacity (Plants & Projects) Analysis

Capacity, by Company
Capacity, by Country and by region
Capacity Overview, By Region and Country

6. Introduction to Chloralkali and Market Overview

Product Description
Grades & Properties
Raw Material
Manufacturing Process
Environmental Issues
Value Chain
Applications

7. Market Dynamics and Industry Trends

Market Dynamics
- Drivers
- Restraints
- Opportunities
- Challenges

8. Global Chloralkali Demand-Supply Analysis, By Types, By Chlorine Application, By Caustic Soda Application (Volume, Value) (2018-2034)

Strategic Issues
Demand-Supply Analysis and Forecast (2018- 2034)
- Capacity
- Capacity Utilization (%)
- Production
- Imports
- Exports
- Net Trade
- Demand
- Demand Growth Rate (%)
- Driving Force Analysis
- Global Chloralkali Market, By Types
Chlorine
Caustic Soda
- Global Chloralkali Market, By Chlorine Application
EDC/PVC
C1/C2 Aromatics
Inorganic Chemicals
Organic Chemicals
Chlorinated Intermediates
Isocyanates
Propylene Oxide
Pulp & Paper
Water Treatment
Others
- Global Chloralkali Market, By Caustic Soda Application
Alumina
Inorganic Chemicals
Organic Chemicals
Food
Pulp & Paper
Soaps and Detergents
Textiles
Water Treatment
Steel/Metallurgy - Sintering
Others

9. Demand-Supply Analysis and Market Review, By Region, By Country (Volume, Value), (2018- 2034)

Strategic Issues
Capacity
Capacity Utilization (%)
Production
Imports
Exports
Net Exports
Demand
Demand Growth Rate (%)
Chloralkali Market, By Types
Chloralkali Market, By Chlorine Application
Chloralkali Market, By Caustic Soda Application

Note: Demand-Supply Analysis has been provided for all major Regions / Countries as mentioned below. The demand (consumption) split by types, chlorine and caustic soda applications has been provided for each of the countries/regions in Volume (Kilo tons) and Value (USD Million).

North America
USA
Canada
Mexico
Western Europe
Germany
France
Italy
United Kingdom
Spain
Rest of Western Europe
Central & Eastern Europe
Russia
Poland
Rest of Central & Eastern Europe
Asia-Pacific
China
Japan
India
South Korea
Rest of Asia-Pacific
Central & South America
Middle East & Africa

Note: CAGR will be calculated for all types, chlorine and caustic soda applications to arrive at the regional / global Demand-Supply growth for the forecast period (2025 - 2034)

10. Pricing Analysis

Average Chloralkali Prices, USD/Kg
Average prices, by region
Price Forecast

11. Key Strategic Issues

12. Business Opportunity Assessment

Market Attractiveness Assessment
Prospective & Target Market Study

13. Strategic Recommendation & Suggestions

14. Company Analysis

Chloralkali Manufacturers Profiles/ Company Analysis
- Basic Details
- Headquarter, Key Markets
- Ownership
- Company Financial
- Manufacturing Bases
- Global Turnover
- Total Employee
- Product Portfolio / Services / Solutions
- Key Business Strategies adopted and Prismane Consulting Overview
- Recent Developments
- Companies Covered -
AkzoNobel N.V
Reliance Industries Limited
Occidental Petroleum Corporation
Formosa Plastics Group
Axiall Corporation
Bayer Material Science AG
INEOS ChlorVinyls
ATP Group
The National Titanium Dioxide Company (CRISTAL)
Other Manufacturers

Note: This section includes company information, company financials, manufacturing bases and operating regions. Company financials have been mentioned only for those companies where financials were available in SEC Filings, annual reports, or company websites. All the reported financials in this report are in U.S. Dollars. Financials reported in other currencies have been converted using average currency conversion rates. Company profiles may include manufacturers, suppliers, and distributors.