利用分散式能源資源美國的電網不足應對

Using Distributed Energy Resources to Address Grid Deficiency in the U.S

出版日期: 2025年09月12日 | 出版商:

Guidehouse Research | 英文 16 Pages | 訂單完成後即時交付

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簡介目錄

隨著資料中心、人工智慧、電動車和再生能源的興起，電力需求激增，美國電網面臨前所未有的課題。美國大部分輸配電基礎設施已使用超過25年，傳統的升級改造往往成本高且耗時。分散式能源 (DER)，包括太陽能光伏發電、電池儲能系統和智慧家電，可提供靈活的本地化解決方案。透過在更靠近用電地點的地方發電和管理電力，DER 可以減輕電網壓力，提高可靠性，並支持實現脫碳目標。極端天氣和老化的基礎設施持續威脅電網穩定性，DER 技術為電網現代化和增強其彈性提供了一條有效途徑。

本報告分析了14種 DER 技術，預測了其成長趨勢，並評估了七家主要電網營運商的區域部署。該報告探討了旨在將分散式能源 (DER) 納入批發市場的政策框架，例如聯邦能源管理委員會 (FERC) 第 2222 號命令，以及監管碎片化、供應鏈限制和勞動力短缺等障礙。透過對獨立系統營運商 (ISO)/區域輸電組織 (RTO) 地區的詳細比較，報告揭示了早期 DER 應用的最佳實踐和經驗教訓。報告還概述了從實體資產到軟體平台的 DER 價值鏈，並強調了公用事業公司、監管機構和技術提供者之間協調的重要性。

Guidehouse Research 建議更新市場規則，以充分促進 DER 參與，投資電網現代化基礎設施，並使公用事業公司的激勵措施與客戶利益保持一致。策略性地部署 DER 可以推遲昂貴的升級，提高可靠性，並開闢新的收入來源。隨著鋰價格下跌和電池效率提高，DER 的採用預計將加速。預計到 2034 年，電動車充電和儲能將迎來最快的成長。

The U.S. power grid is facing unprecedented challenges as electricity demand surges due to the rise of data centers, AI, EVs, and renewable energy. Much of the country's transmission and distribution infrastructure is more than 25 years old, and traditional upgrades are often costly and slow. Distributed energy resources (DER), including solar photovoltaics, battery energy storage systems, and smart appliances, offer a flexible, localized solution. By generating and managing electricity closer to where it is consumed, DER can reduce strain on the bulk power system, improve reliability, and support decarbonization goals. As extreme weather events and aging infrastructure continue to threaten grid stability, DER technologies present a viable path for modernizing the grid and enhancing resilience.

This Guidehouse Research Strategy Insight analyzes 14 DER technologies, forecasts growth trends, and evaluates regional deployment across seven major grid operators. It highlights policy frameworks such as FERC Order 2222, which aims to integrate DER into wholesale markets, and examines barriers including regulatory fragmentation, supply chain constraints, and workforce shortages. Through detailed comparisons of ISO/RTO regions, the report identifies best practices and lessons learned from early DER adopters. It also outlines the DER value chain, from physical assets to software platforms, and emphasizes the importance of coordination among utilities, regulators, and technology providers.

Guidehouse Research recommends updating market rules to fully enable DER participation, investing in grid modernization infrastructure, and aligning utility incentives with customer benefits. Strategic deployment of DER can defer costly upgrades, improve reliability, and unlock new revenue streams. As lithium prices fall and battery efficiency improves, DER adoption is expected to accelerate, especially in EV charging and energy storage, which are forecast to grow most rapidly through 2034.

This report covers the following: