Orange－通訊自動化、人工智慧和自主網路案例研究：為從塞內加爾到西班牙的26個國家的3億用戶管理自主人工智慧和網路自動化

本報告探討了Orange在其電信業務中，在自動化、自主網路（AN）和人工智慧/生成式人工智慧方面所扮演的角色。本系列報告旨在闡明這些技術的應用如何降低成本並產生收入，並找出那些透過投資實現利潤率顯著提升的通訊業者。

Orange是一家歷史悠久的法國領先通訊業者，業務遍及歐洲、中東和非洲。其全球營收排名第11位，在歐洲排名前三，在中東和非洲位列前五名。儘管其2025年營收預計為456億美元，年增2%，但與2015年的447億美元相比，長期成長停滯不前。其年度息稅前利潤率從2024年第四季的16.2%下降至2025年第三季的13.2%，低於16.5%的全球平均水準。人事費用佔營運費用（不包括折舊免稅額和攤提）的比例超過30%，而全球平均通常在20%左右。從2022年第三季到2025年第三季度，Orange的員工人數減少了9%，降至12.4萬人，但其人均息稅前利潤（EBIT）卻從2022年第三季的4.45萬美元增至2025年第三季的4.68萬美元。同期，全球人均息稅前利潤平均成長了16%，達到6.69萬美元。對於Orange而言，高昂的人事費用和近期利潤率的下滑表明，僅靠裁員不足以彌補生產力差距。這種成本壓力促使該公司需要投資自動化和人工智慧。

Orange正在建造一套完整的自動化基礎設施。其Pikeo 5G SA實驗網路和後續的網路整合工廠並非僅僅是概念，而是已經部署並產生實際成果的實際專案。據報告，到2025年，人工智慧將創造3億歐元的價值，這些價值將透過集團範圍內的儀表板進行追蹤，並按國家/地區進行問責。更具挑戰性的問題是，這些成果能否規模化。 Orange在26個國家/地區開展業務，這些國家的網路成熟度差異巨大。 2023年，其技術長承認，其大多數子公司的自動化水準大約處於TM Forum 2級左右。要在2028年之前彌合這一差距，同時逐步淘汰法國的銅纜線路，重組和管理Orange Business，並建立人工智慧驅動的收入來源，這是一個極其雄心勃勃的計劃。主要風險並非技術本身會失敗，而是營運多供應商、人工智慧驅動型網路在不同市場中的複雜性和成本可能會抵銷效率提升帶來的收益，而這些收益本應足以證明投資的合理性。

提及的組織

• Amdocs
• ARCEP
• Augtera
• AWS
• Casa Systems
• Ciena
• CSG
• Dell Technologies
• EE
• Ericsson
• Google Cloud
• HPE
• Jazztel
• LangChain
• MasOrange
• Mavenir
• Meta
• Mistral
• Nokia
• Nvidia
• OpenAI
• Samsung
• SUSE/Rancher
• Totem Towers
• Voo

目錄

• 概括
• Orange的成長、盈利與策略
• Orange是誰？
• 併購的重要性
• 公司簡介
• 企業業績
• 奧蘭治的戰略計劃
• 高階主管就人工智慧、自動化和自主網路發表評論
• Orange 的自動化、人工智慧和自主網路 (AN) 解決方案。
• 網路自動化和軟體定義基礎設施
• 重大項目
• 評估
• 人工智慧和生成式人工智慧策略：智慧作為營運層
• 重大項目
• 評估
• 邁向自主之路：逐步擴展至L4級運行
• 重大項目
• 評估
• 橙色展望
• 附錄

This profile addresses the role of automation, autonomous networks (AN), and AI/GenAI in Orange's telco operations. The goal of this series is to answer how deployment of these technologies can cut costs and create new revenues, and identify which telcos are achieving tangible margin gains from their investments.

Orange is France's incumbent and largest telco, operating across Europe and MEA. It ranks 11th globally by revenue, top three in Europe, and top five in MEA. 2025 revenues were $45.6B, up 2% YoY, though long-term growth is flat relative to 2015 revenues of $44.7B. Annualized EBIT margin declined from 16.2% in 4Q24 to 13.2% in 3Q25, below the 16.5% global average. Labor costs exceed 30% of opex (ex-D&A), compared to the low 20% range for the global market. Despite reducing headcount 9% between 3Q22 and 3Q25 to 124K employees, EBIT per employee was $46.8K in 3Q25, up from $44.5K in 3Q22. During this period, the global average EBIT per employee increased 16% to $66.9K. For Orange, high labor costs and recently declining margins suggest that headcount reductions are not enough to close the productivity gap. This cost pressure boosts the case for investment in automation and AI.

Orange has built real automation infrastructure. Its Pikeo 5G SA experimental network and the Network Integration Factory that followed it are deployed and producing real results, not just slideware. The Euro-300 million in AI-generated value reported for 2025 is tracked against a group-wide dashboard with country-level accountability. The harder question is whether these gains can scale. Orange operates across 26 countries at very different levels of network maturity. Its own CTO acknowledged in 2023 that most affiliates were starting from approximately TM Forum automation Level 2. Closing that gap by 2028 while simultaneously decommissioning copper in France, managing a restructuring in Orange Business, and building out AI revenue streams is an ambitious program. The primary risk is not that the technology fails but that the complexity and cost of running multi-vendor, AI-driven networks in heterogeneous markets offsets the efficiency gains that justify the investment.

Organizations mentioned

• Amdocs
• ARCEP
• Augtera
• AWS
• Casa Systems
• Ciena
• CSG
• Dell Technologies
• EE
• Ericsson
• Google Cloud
• HPE
• Jazztel
• LangChain
• MasOrange
• Mavenir
• Meta
• Mistral
• Nokia
• Nvidia
• OpenAI
• Samsung
• SUSE/Rancher
• Totem Towers
• Voo

Table of Contents

• Summary
• Growth, profitability and strategy at Orange
• Who is Orange?
• M&A a big part of the story
• Company snapshot
• Company performance
• Orange's Strategic Plan
• Executive Quotes on AI, Automation & Autonomous Networks
• Automation, AI and Autonomous Networks (AN) at Orange
• Network automation and software-defined infrastructure
• Key projects
• Assessment
• AI and GenAI Strategy: Intelligence as an Operating Layer
• Key projects
• Assessment
• The Path to Autonomy: Scaling Toward Level 4 Operations
• Key projects
• Assessment
• Outlook for Orange
• Appendix

List of Figures and Tables

• Table 1: Telco snapshot - Orange
• Figure 1: Revenues and operating profits over time for Orange
• Figure 2: Labor cost and capex trends at Orange
• Figure 3: Headcount, cost per employee, and labor cost opex for Orange vs. global average
• Figure 4: Orange's "Trust the Future" has major focus on operational efficiency