![]() |
市場調查報告書
商品編碼
2073624
美國電動巴士:市場佔有率分析、行業趨勢和統計數據以及成長預測(2026-2031 年)United States Electric Bus - Market Share Analysis, Industry Trends & Statistics, Growth Forecasts (2026 - 2031) |
||||||
※ 本網頁內容可能與最新版本有所差異。詳細情況請與我們聯繫。
據 Mordor Intelligence 稱,2025 年美國電動巴士市場價值 80.2 億美元,預計到 2026 年將從 89.6 億美元成長到 2031 年的 155.5 億美元,同期複合年成長率為 11.67%。

本報告按推進系統(例如,電池驅動電動巴士)、應用領域(例如,城市/公共交通)、電池化學成分(例如,磷酸鐵鋰電池)、總長度(例如,小於9米)、電機結構(例如,永磁同步馬達)、電機輸出功率(例如,小於100千瓦)、續航里程(例如,小於100公里)、最終用途(/私人分類/私人分類)。市場預測以價值(單位)和數量(單位)為單位呈現。
加州的「創新清潔交通」法規要求大規模機構從2029年初開始必須採購零排放公車,這將縮短傳統的車輛更換週期,並為供應商提供更清晰的需求預測。為此,車隊管理人員正在加快基礎設施建設,確保電力設備升級、充電器選用和員工培訓與車輛競標同步進行。紐約州、華盛頓州和馬薩諸塞州也採用了類似的監管模式,這讓製造商更有信心規劃多年生產計畫,而不是一次性大量生產。由於大多數法規優先考慮使用國產零件,因此在本地生產電池組、馬達和線束的製造商更容易獲得「購買美國貨」認證。這些法規共同推動了全國的採購熱潮,鞏固了美國電動公車市場的成長動能。
美國環保署的「清潔校車」補貼和聯邦交通管理局的「低零排放」津貼正在將政策意圖轉化為正式訂單,尤其對擔保能力有限的機構而言更是如此。津貼審核往往傾向於能夠立即投入使用的基礎設施,因此競標通常會將校車交付與充電樁運作同步進行,以避免資產閒置。供應商擴大將車輛、車庫設計和長期維護整合到單一合約中,這既簡化了機構的監管,也確保了零件的穩定供應。聯邦預算持續撥款的前景也讓貸款方感到安心,從而使剩餘資本支出能夠獲得具有競爭力的利率。這些金融工具共同降低了曾經阻礙早期採用的風險溢價。
都市區電力公司並網等待時間往往超過公車車庫本身的建設工期,迫使政府部門分階段交付公車或租賃臨時充電設施。專案經理必須精準地調整市政授權、電力公司設計方案和承包商進度安排,以防止設備閒置。公共工程部門人員短缺加劇了不不確定性,尤其是在同一區域多個公車車庫同時升級改造的情況下。一些市政當局透過安裝現場儲能電池來緩解高峰用電需求,從而降低延誤風險,但這會增加資本投入。在電力公司加快核准流程之前,併網仍然是許多部署計畫的瓶頸。
預計到2025年,純電動公車將佔據美國市場72.16%的佔有率,但隨著加氫站向加州以外地區擴展,燃料電池公車的年複合成長率預計將達到24.24%。在南海岸空氣盆地地區的初步部署表明,燃料電池公車無需長時間充電即可完成300英里的運行週期,使其適用於山區和寒冷氣候。儘管各機構都承認純電動車輛能夠滿足大多數都市區需求,但燃料電池車輛的續航里程和10分鐘的加氫時間更接近柴油車輛的運行模式,使駕駛人更容易安排行程。製造商正在推進燃料電池堆的本地化組裝,以滿足「購買美國貨」的法規要求,但要實現綠色氫氣供應成本的進一步降低,仍需進一步降低成本,才能實現燃料電池公車的廣泛應用。
參與混合動力汽車試點計畫的交通管理部門發現,將純電池公車分配到可預測的城市線路,將燃料電池公車分配到快速線路和地形複雜的線路,可以提高營運效率。隨著全國氫能中心計畫投資80億美元用於生產和物流,氫能技術有望在競爭力上與柴油車匹敵,但基礎建設進度預計將需求成長推遲到預測期後期。通用儲能和安全標準的整合正在減少授權的阻力,使氫能成為拓展美國電動公車市場佔有率的可行選擇。
到2025年,城市和公共交通車輛將貢獻62.75%的收入,這得益於持續的津貼流入和明確的立法目標。另一方面,城際和區域線路的複合年成長率預計將達到16.02%,這主要歸功於電池能量密度的提升,目前單次營運里程可達300至450公里,以及電力公司共同出資建設路邊兆瓦級充電基礎設施。沙加緬度至裡諾以及達拉斯至休斯頓之間的早期走廊開發項目展現了運營時間的柔軟性,30分鐘的充電時間與駕駛人的休息時間完美契合。學區正在迅速利用美國環保署(EPA)的補貼,但所有權的分散化正在減緩全國範圍內的推廣速度,儘管其具有強大的公共衛生意義。
在機場和企業園區,零排放穿梭巴士正被投入使用,以履行範圍 1 的排放承諾,並成為支持市政政策目標的醒目示範。長途巴士業者在冬季續航里程和轉售價值穩定之前,仍保持謹慎態度,但使用高容量電池巴士的試驗計畫表明,在高階旅遊線路上實現經濟可行性是可行的。這種多樣化的應用場景訂單訂單積壓,並幫助原始設備製造商 (OEM) 在美國電動巴士市場各個規模範圍內攤銷其平台投資。
由於磷酸鋰鐵鋰電池將在美國電動巴士市場維持59.21%的佔有率。鈦酸鋰電池18.78%的複合年成長率主要得益於明尼蘇達州、伊利諾伊州和紐約州北部地區的交通機構的需求,這些機構優先考慮10分鐘快速充電功能以及即使在零下低溫環境下(例如夜間戶外停放)也能保持穩定性能。鎳錳鈷電池目前仍主要應用於長途客車,因為在這些車型中,能量密度比成本更為重要。
鈉離子電池和固態固態電池的試點計畫正在美國能源局(DOE) 的津貼下繼續進行,但預計要到 2028 年才能實現大規模生產。為實現價值鏈本地化,位於中西部地區的新型磷酸鋰鐵(LFP) 電池工廠已開始運作,這將降低關稅風險並增強獲得津貼的資格。同時,美國環保署 (EPA) 關於廢舊電池處理的政策正在推動將其用於固定式儲能系統,以實現電池的二次利用,從而降低先前阻礙預算敏感型市政當局採購的殘值風險。
According to Mordor Intelligence, the united states electric bus market size was valued at USD 8.02 billion in 2025 and is projected to grow from USD 8.96 billion in 2026 to USD 15.55 billion by 2031, registering a CAGR of 11.67% over the same period.

This report is Segmented by Propulsion (Battery Electric and More), Application (City / Transit and More), Battery Chemistry (LFP and More), Length (Below 9 M and More), Motor Architecture (PMSM and More), Motor Power (Below 100 KW and More), Range (Below 100 Km and More), End Use (Public and Private), and State. The Market Forecasts are Provided in Terms of Value (Units) and Volume (Units).
California's Innovative Clean Transit rule obliges large agencies to procure only zero-emission buses from the beginning of 2029, compressing traditional replacement cycles and raising demand visibility for suppliers. Fleet managers respond by accelerating infrastructure design so that utility upgrades, charger selection, and workforce training all proceed in parallel with vehicle tenders. New York, Washington, and Massachusetts mirror the regulatory template, giving manufacturers confidence to plan multiyear production slots instead of one-off batches. Because most rules favor domestic content, builders who localize battery packs, motors, and wiring harnesses enjoy clearer paths through Buy America certification. The cumulative effect of those mandates is a nationwide procurement wave that locks in the United States electric bus market's growth trajectory.
EPA Clean School Bus rebates and FTA Low-No grants convert policy intent into signed purchase orders, particularly for agencies that lack bonding capacity. Grant scoring tends to reward shovel-ready infrastructure, so bidders often align bus deliveries with charger commissioning to avoid stranded assets. Suppliers increasingly bundle vehicles, depot design, and long-term maintenance in a single contract, simplifying agency oversight while guaranteeing parts availability. The promise of continued federal appropriations also reassures lenders, enabling competitive interest rates on any remaining capital outlay. Together, those financial levers reduce the risk premium that once discouraged early movers.
Interconnection queues at urban utilities often exceed the construction timeline for the depot itself, forcing agencies to stage bus deliveries or lease temporary charging assets. Project managers must coordinate city permitting, utility engineering, and contractor schedules with near-surgical precision to avoid idle equipment. Staffing constraints at public-works departments add further uncertainty, especially when multiple depots in the same region pursue upgrades simultaneously. Some agencies mitigate delay risk by installing on-site battery storage that buffers peak demand, yet doing so raises capital intensity. Until utility processes speed up, grid access remains a gating item for many rollouts.
Other drivers and restraints analyzed in the detailed report include:
For complete list of drivers and restraints, kindly check the Table Of Contents.
Battery-electric buses retained a 72.16% United States electric bus market share in 2025, yet fuel-cell variants are forecast to grow at a 24.24% CAGR as hydrogen stations extend beyond California. Early deployments in the South Coast Air Basin validate 300-mile duty cycles without lengthy charge dwell, appealing to mountainous or cold-weather operations. Agencies recognize that battery units cover most urban needs, but fuel-cell range and 10-minute refueling closely replicate diesel patterns, easing driver scheduling. Manufacturers localize stack assembly to meet Buy America rules, although green-hydrogen supply costs must still fall to unlock broad adoption.
Transit authorities experimenting with blended fleets see operational value in assigning battery buses to predictable urban loops and reserving fuel-cell units for express or terrain-intensive routes. As the national hydrogen-hub program channels USD 8 billion into production and logistics, the technology's path to parity improves, but infrastructure timelines push material volume to the latter half of the forecast period. Integration of common storage and safety codes reduces permitting friction, making hydrogen a realistic lever for segment expansion in the United States electric bus market.
City and transit fleets accounted for 62.75% of 2025 revenue, benefiting from continuous grant flows and clear legislative targets. Yet intercity and regional routes post a 16.02% CAGR because battery densities now support 300-450 km operations, and utilities co-fund roadside megawatt charging. Initial corridor build-outs between Sacramento-Reno and Dallas-Houston demonstrate timetable resilience when 30-minute top-ups align with driver breaks. School districts rapidly absorb EPA rebates, but fragmented ownership slows national scaling despite strong public health narratives.
Airports and corporate campuses deploy zero-emission shuttles to meet Scope 1 reduction pledges, serving as visible showcases that reinforce municipal policy ambitions. Coach operators remain cautious until winter-range performance and resale values stabilize, yet pilot programs with extended-pack buses suggest achievable economics on premium tourist routes. The diverse use-case mosaic sustains order backlogs, helping OEMs amortize platform investments across the United States electric bus market size spectrum.
Lithium-iron-phosphate batteries maintained a 59.21% United States electric bus market share in 2025, owing to thermal stability and cost advantages over nickel chemistries. Lithium-titanate's 18.78% CAGR comes from agencies in Minnesota, Illinois, and upstate New York that prize 10-minute charge capability and robust sub-zero performance for overnight outdoor parking. Nickel-manganese-cobalt remains constrained to long-range coaches where energy density outweighs cost.
Sodium-ion and solid-state pilots continue under DOE grants, but will not affect volume before 2028. Supply-chain localization efforts bring new LFP cell plants online in the Midwest, mitigating tariff exposure and strengthening grant eligibility. Meanwhile, battery-end-of-life policies under development by the EPA encourage second-life stationary storage, lowering residual-value risk that once stymied procurements in budget-sensitive municipalities.