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市場調查報告書
商品編碼
1722725
虛擬發電廠市場報告,按技術(配電發電、需量反應、混合資產)、來源(再生能源、熱電聯產、儲能)、最終用戶(工業、商業、住宅)和地區分類,2025 年至 2033 年Virtual Power Plant Market Report by Technology (Distribution Generation, Demand Response, Mixed Asset), Source (Renewable Energy, Cogeneration, Energy Storage), End User (Industrial, Commercial, Residential), and Region 2025-2033 |
2024年全球虛擬發電廠市場規模達21億美元。展望未來, IMARC Group預計到2033年市場規模將達到139億美元,2025-2033年期間的成長率(CAGR)為22.25%。推動市場發展的一些關鍵因素包括對永續能源的需求不斷成長、能源管理和控制系統的進步以及電動車 (EV) 的普及率不斷提高。
主要市場促進因素:關鍵市場促進因素之一是對環境永續性的日益關注。此外,不斷成長的最佳化能源生產的需求正在成為市場驅動力。
主要市場趨勢:市場需求受到許多主要趨勢的推動,例如再生能源的日益普及和電網分散化的轉變。
地理趨勢:根據報告,北美佔據明顯主導地位,佔據最大的市場佔有率。這是由於該地區政府採取了有利措施。
競爭格局:虛擬發電廠產業的主要市場參與者包括 ABB 有限公司、AGL Energy 有限公司、Autogrid Systems Inc.、Enel Spa、Flexitricity Limited(Reserve Power Holdings (Jersey) Limited)、通用電氣公司、日立有限公司、Next Kraftwerke GmbH、Osisoft LLC(AVEVA Group plclc)、Sonnable pexlc. SE
挑戰與機會:阻礙市場成長的關鍵挑戰之一是監管與政策障礙。儘管如此,能源資源的最佳化代表著虛擬發電廠市場最近的機會。
再生能源的採用日益增多
永續或再生能源的日益普及正在催化虛擬發電廠的需求。太陽能電池板和風力渦輪機安裝量的增加正在增強分散式能源發電模式。分散式能源資源(DER)的興起導致對這些資產進行有效管理和最佳化的需求。 VPP 透過促進各種 DER 的順利整合、收集和管理,在釋放再生能源潛力方面發揮著至關重要的作用,從而提高了電網的穩定性和可靠性。此外,一些公司正在與其他利害關係人合作,以改善其再生能源來源。 2023 年 9 月 6 日,ABB Motion 與 WindESCo 簽署策略合作夥伴關係,ABB 透過其風險投資部門 ABB Technology Ventures (ATV) 收購了該公司的少數股權。總部位於美國的 WindESCo 是一家領先的分析軟體供應商,致力於提高風力渦輪機的性能和可靠性。利用WindESCo的解決方案,這項投資將加強ABB作為低碳社會關鍵推動者的地位以及其在再生能源發電領域的地位。
電網分散化趨勢日益明顯
電網分散化的日益轉變正在推動虛擬發電廠市場的成長。電網分散化正在促進再生能源更多地併入電網。此外,太陽能電池板和風力渦輪機正在各個地方安裝,有助於形成分散式能源發電系統。此外,電網分散化的趨勢正在促進電網彈性的增強。這對於應對氣候相關的挑戰和自然災害尤其重要。 2022 年 8 月 4 日,特斯拉和 PG&E 宣布了建造加州最大虛擬發電廠的計劃,因為這些發電廠是支持電網可靠性的寶貴資源,也是加州清潔能源未來的重要組成部分。
先進能源管理和控制系統的不斷發展
日益複雜的能源管理和控制系統刺激了對虛擬發電廠的需求。這些系統同時聚合、分析和最佳化分散能源資源的能力正在不斷成長。由於這一持續的進步,虛擬電廠 (VPP) 能夠更有效地應對能源供需的變化。此外,透過將機器學習 (ML) 和人工智慧 (AI) 演算法整合到能源管理和控制系統中,VPP 可以以更高的準確度預測和適應能源市場的變化。此外,虛擬發電廠市場的主要參與者正在進行合作和收購,以便為各種應用提供增強的服務。 2023 年 1 月 10 日,通用汽車、福特、谷歌和太陽能生產商合作制定了擴大虛擬發電廠 (VPP) 使用的標準,虛擬發電廠是一種在電力供應短缺時減輕電網負載的系統。虛擬發電廠合作夥伴關係 (VP3) 也旨在製定促進系統使用的政策。
需量反應佔據大部分市場佔有率
需量反應是平衡電力供需的首選。它會在電力供應充足或不足的時候調整電力消耗。 VPP 持續即時監控電網,包括供應、需求和定價資料。他們還收集有關系統內分散式能源資源狀態的資訊。 VPP 使用先進的演算法和 ML 來預測電力需求模式。他們還預測需求何時達到高峰以及再生能源何時會出現供應過剩。
再生能源可以自然補充,並且由於其排放的溫室氣體(GHG)較少,因此被認為是環保的。它們在虛擬電廠 (VPP) 中的重要性不言而喻,因為它們有助於降低碳排放並提供環保和再生能源。
熱電聯產,也稱為熱電聯產 (CHP),涉及利用單一燃料源(例如天然氣、生質能或廢熱)同時產生電力和有用熱能。此外,虛擬電廠 (VPP) 能夠整合工業熱電聯產廠、區域供熱系統和商業熱電聯產裝置等熱電聯產系統,以提高能源效率並充分利用資源。除此之外,熱電聯產還有提高能源效率和減少溫室氣體排放的潛力。
儲能系統在虛擬電廠 (VPP) 中發揮著至關重要的作用,可有效控制和增強各種分散式能源資源。它們透過在能源過剩時節省額外的能源並在需求高或可再生能源產量低時釋放能源來提供多功能性。
工業代表著領先的細分市場
VPP 透過整合各種 DER(如太陽能板、風力渦輪機、熱電聯產 (CHP) 系統和儲能設備),幫助工業設施管理和最佳化其能源消耗。工業虛擬電廠透過根據電網訊號或價格波動改變其能源消耗來參與需量反應計劃。這有助於平衡電網的供需,並可以為工業設施創造收入。他們還可以自動執行減載或轉移負載過程,以減少高峰需求事件期間的能源消耗。它們還可以實現中斷期間電網電力和現場發電/儲存之間的無縫轉換,從而幫助增強能源彈性。
北美引領市場,佔據最大虛擬電廠市場佔有率
該報告還對所有主要區域市場進行了全面的分析,包括北美(美國和加拿大);亞太地區(中國、日本、印度、韓國、澳洲、印尼等);歐洲(德國、法國、英國、義大利、西班牙、俄羅斯等);拉丁美洲(巴西、墨西哥等);以及中東和非洲。報告稱,北美是虛擬發電廠最大的區域市場。
人們越來越關注將風能和太陽能等再生能源納入電網,這支持了北美地區的市場成長。除此之外,人們對於維持電網彈性的重要性的認知也不斷提高。此外,需量反應計劃的實施也在增加,允許個人積極參與管理其能源消耗。此外,太陽能和水力發電廠的建設不斷增加,也促進了市場的成長。此外,由於政府的有利舉措,虛擬發電廠的採用率也在上升。例如,2023 年 7 月 26 日,加州能源委員會 (CEC) 批准了一項新的 VPP 計劃,旨在幫助位於全州家庭和企業的數千個分散式太陽能充電和獨立電池滿足該州日益成長的電力需求。
市場研究報告也對市場競爭格局進行了全面的分析。也提供了所有主要公司的詳細資料。虛擬發電廠產業的一些主要市場參與者包括 ABB Ltd.、AGL Energy Ltd.、Autogrid Systems Inc.、Enel Spa、Flexitricity Limited(Reserve Power Holdings (Jersey) Limited)、通用電氣公司、日立德公司、Next Kraftwerke GmbH、Osisoft LLC(AVEVA Group plc.
(請注意,這只是關鍵參與者的部分列表,完整列表在報告中提供。)
主要市場參與者正在投資研發(R&D)業務,以改善管理分散式能源(DER)的軟體,從而增加虛擬發電廠市場收入。他們正在增強電網整合能力,並結合人工智慧和機器學習來最佳化能源生產和分配。他們還致力於透過設計可輕鬆容納額外 DER 的系統來使他們的解決方案更具可擴展性。頂級公司正在與公用事業公司、電網營運商和其他參與者合作,以確保 VPP 和電網基礎設施之間的無縫通訊和協調。 2022 年 6 月 30 日,AutoGrid 與 Willdan 合作,加速採用熱泵熱水器,透過替換排放密集的燃氣熱水器來實現建築物脫碳。此次合作將利用 AutoGrid 的虛擬發電廠平台來大幅增加靈活的電網容量。
The global virtual power plant market size reached USD 2.1 Billion in 2024. Looking forward, IMARC Group expects the market to reach USD 13.9 Billion by 2033, exhibiting a growth rate (CAGR) of 22.25% during 2025-2033. Some of the key factors driving the market are the escalating need for sustainable energy sources, the advancement of energy management and control systems, and the rising adoption of electric vehicles (EVs).
Major Market Drivers: One of the key market drivers are the rising focus on environmental sustainability. Moreover, the escalating need to optimize energy production is acting as a market driver.
Key Market Trends: The market demand is impelled owing to numerous primary trends such as the rising adoption of renewable energy sources and a shift towards grid decentralization.
Geographical Trends: According to the report, North America exhibits a clear dominance, accounting for the largest market share. This is due to favorable government initiatives in the region.
Competitive Landscape: Various key market players in the virtual power plant industry are ABB Ltd., AGL Energy Ltd., Autogrid Systems Inc., Enel Spa, Flexitricity Limited (Reserve Power Holdings (Jersey) Limited), General Electric Company, Hitachi Ltd., Next Kraftwerke GmbH, Osisoft LLC (AVEVA Group plc), Schneider Electric SE, Siemens Aktiengesellschaft, Sunverge Energy Inc., among many others.
Challenges and Opportunities: One of the key challenges hindering the market growth is regulatory and policy barriers. Nonetheless, the optimization of energy resources represents virtual power plant market recent opportunities.
Growing Adoption of Renewable Energy Sources
The increasing adoption of sustainable or renewable energy sources is catalyzing the virtual power plant demand. The increase in solar panel and wind turbine installations is enhancing the decentralized energy generation model. The rise in distributed energy resources (DERs) is leading to a demand for effective management and optimization of these assets. VPPs play a vital role in unlocking the potential of renewables by facilitating smooth integration, collection, and management of various DERs, thus improving grid stability and dependability. Moreover, several companies are partnering with other stakeholders to improve their sources of renewable energy. On 6 September 2023, ABB Motion and WindESCo, signed a strategic partnership, where ABB has acquired a minority stake in the company through its venture capital unit, ABB Technology Ventures (ATV). US-based WindESCo is the leading analytics software provider for improving the performance and reliability of wind turbines. Leveraging WindESCo' solutions, the investment will strengthen ABB's position as a key enabler of a low carbon society and its position in the renewable power generation sector.
Rising Shift Towards Grid Decentralization
The rising shift towards grid decentralization is propelling the virtual power plant market growth. Grid decentralization is fostering greater incorporation of renewable energy sources into the grid. In addition, solar panels and wind turbines are being installed in various locations that benefit in contributing to a distributed energy generation system. Moreover, the trend of grid decentralization is facilitating enhanced grid resilience. This is particularly important for dealing with climate-related challenges and natural disasters. On 4 August 2022, Tesla and PG&E announced a plan to build California's largest virtual power plant as these plants are a valuable resource for supporting grid reliability and an essential part of California's clean energy future.
Increasing Development of Advanced Energy Management and Control Systems
The need for virtual power plants is stimulated by the increasing development of sophisticated energy management and control systems. The capacity of these systems to simultaneously aggregate, analyze, and optimize dispersed energy resources is growing. VPPs are able to react to variations in the supply and demand for energy more effectively because of this ongoing progress. Furthermore, by integrating machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms into energy management and control systems, VPPs can anticipate and adjust to changes in the energy market with a level of improved accuracy. Furthermore, key players in the virtual power plant market are engaging in collaborations and acquisitions to provide enhanced services to various applications. On 10 January 2023, GM, Ford, Google and solar energy producers collaborated to establish standards for scaling up the use of virtual power plants (VPPs), systems for easing loads on electricity grids when supply is short. The virtual power plant partnership (VP3) also aims to shape policy for promoting the use of the systems.
Demand response accounts for the majority of the market share
Demand response is preferred to balance electricity supply and demand. It adjusts the consumption of electricity during times of high or low availability. VPPs continuously monitor the electricity grid, including supply, demand, and pricing data, in real time. They also gather information on the state of the distributed energy resources within the system. VPPs use advanced algorithms and ML to forecast electricity demand patterns. They also predict when demand will peak and when there will be excess supply from renewable sources.
Renewable energy sources can be naturally replenished and are considered eco-friendly because they emit fewer greenhouse gases (GHGs). Their importance in VPPs is significant as they can assist in lowering carbon emissions and supplying eco-friendly and renewable energy.
Cogeneration, also called combined heat and power (CHP), involves the simultaneous generation of electricity and useful heat from a single fuel source such as natural gas, biomass, or waste heat. Moreover, VPPs have the ability to incorporate CHP systems such as industrial CHP plants, district heating systems, and commercial cogeneration units in order to enhance energy efficiency and fully utilize resources. Besides this, cogeneration has the potential to enhance energy efficiency and decrease greenhouse gas emissions.
Energy storage systems play a vital role in VPPs by allowing for the effective control and enhancement of various distributed energy resources. They offer versatility by saving extra energy during times of surplus and discharging it during times of high demand or low renewable energy production.
Industrial represents the leading market segment
VPPs help industrial facilities manage and optimize their energy consumption by integrating various DERs like solar panels, wind turbines, combined heat and power (CHP) systems, and energy storage devices. Industrial VPPs participate in demand response programs by changing their energy consumption in response to grid signals or price fluctuations. This helps balance supply and demand on the grid and can generate revenue for industrial facilities. They can also automate load shedding or load shifting processes to reduce energy consumption during peak demand events. They also assist in enhancing energy resilience by enabling seamless transitions between grid power and on-site generation/storage during disruptions.
North America leads the market, accounting for the largest virtual power plant market share
The report has also provided a comprehensive analysis of all the major regional markets, which include North America (the United States and Canada); Asia Pacific (China, Japan, India, South Korea, Australia, Indonesia, and others); Europe (Germany, France, the United Kingdom, Italy, Spain, Russia, and others); Latin America (Brazil, Mexico, and others); and the Middle East and Africa. According to the report, North America represents the largest regional market for virtual power plant.
The rising focus on integrating renewable energy sources, such as wind and solar into the grid is supporting the market growth in the North America region. Besides this, there is an increase in the awareness among individuals about the importance of maintaining grid resilience. Furthermore, there is a rise in the conduction of demand response programs that allow individuals to actively participate in managing their energy consumption. Additionally, the increasing construction of solar and hydel power plants is strengthening the market growth. In addition, there is a rise in the adoption of virtual power plants due to favorable government initiatives. For instance, on 26 July 2023, the California Energy Commission (CEC) approved a new VPP program that aims to help thousands of distributed solar-charged and standalone batteries located at homes and businesses throughout the state to meet the state's growing electricity needs.
The market research report has also provided a comprehensive analysis of the competitive landscape in the market. Detailed profiles of all major companies have also been provided. Some of the major market players in the virtual power plant industry include ABB Ltd., AGL Energy Ltd., Autogrid Systems Inc., Enel Spa, Flexitricity Limited (Reserve Power Holdings (Jersey) Limited), General Electric Company, Hitachi Ltd., Next Kraftwerke GmbH, Osisoft LLC (AVEVA Group plc), Schneider Electric SE, Siemens Aktiengesellschaft, Sunverge Energy Inc.
(Please note that this is only a partial list of the key players, and the complete list is provided in the report.)
Key market players are investing in research and development (R&D) operations to improve the software that manages distributed energy resources (DERs), thereby increasing virtual power plant market revenue. They are enhancing grid integration capabilities and incorporating AI and ML to optimize energy generation and distribution. They are also working on making their solutions more scalable by designing systems that can easily accommodate additional DERs. Top companies are collaborating with utilities, grid operators, and other players to ensure seamless communication and coordination between the VPP and the grid infrastructure. On 30 June 2022, AutoGrid collaborated with Willdan to accelerate the adoption of heat pump water heaters to decarbonize buildings by replacing emissions-intensive, gas-fired water heaters. This collaboration will leverage AutoGrid's virtual power plant platform to add significant levels of flexible grid capacity.