石油和天然氣行業採用的減排策略：分析當前排放量（按石油和天然氣行業、按公司）、未來目標、減排策略、碳定價

在審查石油和天然氣行業的 28 家領先公司宣布的目標時，我們發現幾乎所有公司都針對直接、範圍 1 和 2 排放制定了一些目標。相比之下，不到一半的公司為其範圍 3 排放設定了某種目標，不到三分之一的公司的目標是到 2050 年實現總排放量淨為零。

本報告調查分析了全球油氣行業採取的減排策略，分析了 2019 年全球油氣行業的二氧化碳排放量以及全球油氣剩餘儲量。未來CO2排放量、九大油氣企業減排目標及戰略、全球減排戰略等。

內容

內容

• 執行摘要
• 工業排放概覽
• 石油和天然氣行業的排放量是多少？
• 油氣價值鏈中的排放源
• 排放類別定義
• 基準企業目標
• 出院地點在哪裡？
• 氣體排放明細
• 戰略和碳定價
• 甲烷排放機會
• 常見的減排策略
• 國家計劃
• 全球碳定價
• 內部碳定價
• 公司分析
• 選定油氣行業的主要排放目標
• 排放目標評估
• ExxonMobil
• BP
• ConocoPhillips
• Chevron
• Eni
• Equinor
• Repsol
• Shell
• TotalEnergies
• 結論

A review of announced targets from 28 major oil and gas companies showed that nearly all have some kind of target for direct, scope 1 & 2 emissions. Meanwhile, less than half have any kind of target covering scope 3 emissions and less than a third aim to be net zero across all emission types by 2050. The nine most active O&G companies in the energy transition have reported reductions in absolute emissions and emissions intensity in recent years. On the national level, carbon pricing is used in Europe and Canada, but in the US only certain states are covered, and the Middle East and Russia have no such schemes. Companies have started implementing internal carbon pricing schemes in regions where it is less commonplace.

The oil and gas sector is responsible for about 50% of energy-related emissions, with the vast majority arising from Scope 3 emissions. Of Scope 1 and 2 emissions, the largest proportion comes from upstream and downstream operations. Emissions reduction strategies of the 9 most active oil and gas companies were compiled and analysed. Aside from developing low carbon technologies, companies have also started to endorse carbon pricing as an effective emissions reduction measure.

Scope

• Global oil and gas sector CO2 emissions in 2019
• Future CO2 emissions from global oil and gas remaining lifetime of reserves
• Emissions reduction targets and strategies of 9 selected oil and gas majors
• Global emissions reduction strategies

Reasons to Buy

• Obtain the most up to date information on emissions reduction strategies in major oil and gas producing nations and companies
• Understand the origins of different emissions throughout the oil and gas value chain
• Assess your competitor's emissions reduction strategies and develop the most effective plan of action based on the trends in their absolute emissions and emissions intensities
• Develop an understanding of the global carbon pricing scene

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

• Executive Summary
• Sector Emissions Overview
• How much does the sector emit?
• Emissions sources across the O&G value chain
• Defining Emissions Categories
• Benchmarking Company Targets
• Where are emissions taking place?
• Emissions breakdown by gas
• Strategies and Carbon Pricing
• The methane emissions opportunity
• Common emissions reduction strategies
• National plans
• Carbon pricing worldwide
• Internal carbon pricing
• Company Analysis
• Main emissions targets among selected O&G majors
• Evaluating emissions targets
• ExxonMobil

BP

• ConocoPhillips
• Chevron
• Eni
• Equinor
• Repsol
• Shell
• TotalEnergies
• Conclusions

List of Tables

List of Tables

• Table 1: Emissions reduction policies by country
• Table 2: Emissions targets of 9 selected oil and gas majors

List of Figures

List of Figures

• Figure 1: Energy-related GHG Emissions(%), 2021
• Figure 2: US O&G Emissions by Segment(%), 2020
• Figure 3: Oil and gas value chain
• Figure 4: Emissions categories
• Figure 5: Average emissions by scope of 16 top oil and gas companies(%)
• Figure 6: Targets of top 28 oil and gas companies, 2022
• Figure 7: Global Oil and Gas Sector CO2 Emissions(Gt CO2), 2019
• Figure 8: Future CO2 emissions from global O&G remaining lifetime of reserves(Gt CO2)
• Figure 9: Net Methane Abatement Cost by Technology($/MMBtu)
• Figure 10: Emission reduction strategies by sector
• Figure 11: Map of carbon pricing schemes worldwide
• Figure 12: Internal Carbon Prices Among Oil & Gas Majors($/ton)
• Figure 13: ExxonMobil's Absolute Scope 1 Emissions(Mt-CO2e) and Upstream Emission Intensity(t-CO2e/100 tons production), 2016-2020
• Figure 14: BP's Absolute Scope 1 Emissions(Mt-CO2e) and Emission Intensity(g-CO2e/MJ), 2017-2021
• Figure 15: ConocoPhillips' Absolute Scope 1 Emissions(Mt-CO2e) and Emission Intensity(kg-CO2e/boe), 2016-2020
• Figure 16: Chevron's Absolute Scope 1 Emissions(Mt-CO2e) and Upstream Emission Intensity(kg-CO2e/boe), 2017-2021
• Figure 17: Eni's Absolute Scope 1 Emissions(Mt-CO2e) and Carbon Intensity(t-CO2e/kboe), 2016-2020
• Figure 18: Equinor's Absolute Scope 1 Emissions(Mt-CO2e) and Upstream Carbon Intensity(kg-CO2e/boe), 2016-2021
• Figure 19: Repsol's Absolute Scope 1 Emissions(Mt-CO2e) and Upstream Emission Intensity(t-CO2e/kboe), 2016-2021
• Figure 20: Shell's Absolute Scope 1 Emissions(Mt-CO2e) and Net Carbon Intensity(g-CO2e/MJ)), 2017-2021
• Figure 21: TotalEnergies' Absolute Scope 1 Emissions(Mt-CO2e) and Upstream Emission Intensity(kg-CO2e/boe), 2015-2020