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市場調查報告書
商品編碼
1916506
全球疫苗市場:市場規模、份額、成長率、產業分析、按類型、應用和地區劃分的考量、未來預測(2026-2034)Vaccines Market Size, Share, Growth and Global Industry Analysis By Type & Application, Regional Insights and Forecast to 2026-2034 |
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預計2025年全球疫苗市場規模將達到889.2億美元,2026年將成長至956.8億美元,到2034年將達到2115.8億美元。預計在預測期內(2026-2034年),其複合年增長率(CAGR)為10.43%。北美地區在全球疫苗市場佔據主導地位,2025年市佔率將達到45.42%,這得益於其較高的疫苗接種率、有利的報銷制度以及主要疫苗生產商的存在。
疫苗仍然是預防傳染病和降低長期醫療保健成本最具成本效益的公共衛生工具之一。疾病流行率上升、疫苗接種計劃擴大以及公眾意識提升正在推動全球疫苗接種率的增長。
市場驅動因素
傳染病發生率上升是疫苗需求的主要驅動因素。根據美國疾病管制與預防中心 (CDC) 統計,2023 年美國報告的腦膜炎球菌疾病病例數達到 422 例,為 2014 年以來的最高值。疾病爆發的增加促使各國政府加強免疫接種支出,並擴大常規疫苗和加強疫苗的採購。
大規模公共衛生計畫也進一步推動了市場成長。 2024 年 11 月,印度衛生和家庭福利部宣布將每年的 11 月 10 日定為“世界免疫日”,並加強了全民免疫計劃 (UIP) 的宣傳活動。 UIP 是全球規模最大的公共衛生計劃之一。
在強大的生產管線、全球供應協議和改進的分銷網絡的推動下,兒童和成人人口的疫苗接種覆蓋率持續提高。
市場限制因子
儘管需求強勁,但高昂的研發和生產成本阻礙了市場擴張,尤其是在低收入國家。根據美國助理部長辦公室(負責專案和評估)的報告,預防性疫苗的平均研發成本為1.327億美元,這還不包括生產和分銷基礎設施。
複雜的監管要求、漫長的臨床開發週期和嚴格的品質控制加劇了價格壓力。這些因素限制了發展中國家的疫苗可負擔性,並延緩了較小區域市場的產品上市。
市場機會
研發投入的增加為擴大病毒性和細菌性疾病疫苗管線創造了強勁的機會。對肝炎、登革熱、伊波拉出血熱、肺炎球菌感染和帶狀皰疹的關注度不斷提高,正在加速臨床研發活動。
新冠肺炎疫情表明,透過先進的平台和國際資金協調,快速研發疫苗是可行的。目前,各公司正在利用mRNA、病毒載體和重組技術來縮短研發週期。
2024年6月,Dynavax Technologies啟動了其帶狀皰疹候選疫苗Z-1018的I/II期臨床試驗,這反映出私部門對預防醫學領域的投資不斷增加。
市場挑戰
各地區嚴格的監管準則使合規變得複雜,並延誤了審批。此外,疫苗需要嚴格的冷鏈物流,這使得在偏遠和欠發達地區運輸和儲存變得困難。
供應鏈中斷、冷藏能力有限以及基礎設施不足阻礙了最後一公里配送,影響了新興市場的疫苗接種覆蓋率,並減緩了國家疫苗接種計劃的推進。
疫苗市場趨勢
製造商正在加速從傳統小瓶到預灌封注射器 (PFS) 的過渡,PFS 可以降低污染風險、劑量錯誤和產品浪費。 PFS 也有助於提高大規模疫苗接種計畫的效率。
2022 年 9 月,BD 推出了新一代玻璃預灌封注射器,以滿足不斷變化的疫苗生產需求。基於 PFS 的疫苗獲得監管部門批准,進一步加速了其應用。
按類型
重組/結合/次單位疫苗細分市場在2026年佔據市場主導地位,市佔率達46.88%,主要得益於其卓越的安全性、強大的免疫反應和可擴展的生產過程。巴伐利亞北歐公司的重組基孔肯雅疫苗VIMKUNYA於2025年2月獲得歐洲批准。
滅活疫苗細分市場佔據第二大市場份額,這主要得益於狂犬病、流感、甲型肝炎和傷寒疫苗需求的成長。賽諾菲公司的狂犬病疫苗VeroRab於2024年4月在英國上市,進一步推動了該細分市場的成長。
由於適應症範圍擴大到新冠肺炎以外的其他疾病,mRNA細分市場預計將實現最快成長。 2024年8月,輝瑞和BioNTech發表了其流感和新冠病毒聯合mRNA疫苗候選產品的3期臨床試驗數據。
依給藥途徑
2026年,注射劑疫苗佔據市場主導地位,市佔率高達85.18%,主要得益於多種肌肉注射和皮下注射劑型。注射劑疫苗的監管審批數量持續增加。
由於製劑方面的挑戰,口服疫苗的推廣速度較為緩慢,但霍亂和小兒麻痺預防計畫仍持續成長。
依疾病類型
2026年,病毒性疾病疫苗將佔66.01%的市場份額,主要得益於流感疫苗、人類乳突病毒(HPV)疫苗、呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)疫苗、肝炎疫苗和帶狀皰疹疫苗的推廣。政府的宣傳活動和定期加強免疫接種計畫將繼續推動病毒疫苗的普及。
由於抗生素抗藥性的增加和新生兒疫苗接種計劃的實施,因此預計細菌疫苗的複合年增長率將更高。 2025年3月,默克公司(Merck & Co.)的肺炎鏈球菌疫苗CAPVAXIVE獲得歐盟批准。
依年齡組別劃分
受出生率上升和強制性兒童疫苗接種計劃的推動,兒科市場將在2026年佔據52.74%的市場份額。政府資助的免疫接種計劃仍然是主要推動因素。
由於針對老年人的呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)、人類乳突病毒(HPV)和猴痘(Mpox)疫苗接種計畫的增加,成人市場也在成長。
依通路劃分
政府採購機構透過聯合國兒童基金會(UNICEF)、泛美衛生組織(PAHO)和各國計畫主導採購。由於就醫便利性提高,預計到 2025 年,醫院和零售藥局將佔據 48.1% 的市場份額。
在公共資金、美國疾病管制與預防中心 (CDC) 的建議以及製造商的推動下,預計北美市場規模將在 2025 年達到 403.9 億美元,並在 2026 年達到 438.2 億美元。光是美國預計在 2026 年就將達到 369.2 億美元。
亞太地區市場規模預計在 2025 年達到 221.4 億美元,主要得益於出生率上升、政府項目以及製造業產能的擴張。預計中國在2026年將錄得26.8億美元的市場規模,印度在2025年將錄得24.6億美元的市場規模。
歐洲在2025年將錄得190.7億美元的市場規模,這得益於其集中化的醫療保健體系和不斷增加的監管審批。德國錄得51.1億美元的市場規模,法國則錄得43.6億美元的市場規模。
拉丁美洲在2025年將達到59.5億美元的市場規模,海灣合作委員會(GCC)國家在2025年將佔5.3億美元的市場規模,這得益於各國不斷擴大的疫苗接種預算。
The global vaccines market size was valued at USD 88.92 billion in 2025 and is projected to grow to USD 95.68 billion in 2026, reaching USD 211.58 billion by 2034, registering a CAGR of 10.43% during the forecast period (2026-2034). North America dominated the global vaccines market with a 45.42% market share in 2025, supported by strong immunization coverage, favorable reimbursement frameworks, and the presence of leading vaccine manufacturers.
Vaccines remain one of the most cost-effective public health tools for preventing infectious diseases and reducing long-term healthcare expenditure. Rising disease prevalence, expanding immunization schedules, and increasing awareness programs are strengthening global vaccine adoption.
Market Drivers
The rising incidence of infectious diseases is a major factor driving vaccine demand. According to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 422 meningococcal disease cases were reported in the U.S. in 2023, the highest since 2014. Growing disease outbreaks increase government spending on immunization and expand procurement of routine and booster doses.
Large-scale public health programs are further supporting market growth. In November 2024, India's Ministry of Health and Family Welfare announced annual observance of World Immunization Day on November 10, strengthening awareness under the Universal Immunization Programme (UIP), one of the world's largest public health initiatives.
Strong manufacturer pipelines, global supply contracts, and improved delivery networks continue to increase vaccine coverage across pediatric and adult populations.
Market Restraints
Despite strong demand, high development and production costs restrict market expansion, particularly in low-income countries. According to the U.S. Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation, the average preventive vaccine development cost is USD 132.7 million, excluding manufacturing facilities and distribution infrastructure.
Complex regulatory requirements, long clinical development timelines, and strict quality controls increase pricing pressures. These factors reduce affordability in developing economies and slow product launches in smaller regional markets.
Market Opportunities
Expanding R&D investment is creating strong opportunities for pipeline expansion across viral and bacterial disease segments. Growing focus on hepatitis, dengue, Ebola, pneumococcal disease, and shingles is accelerating clinical development activity.
The COVID-19 pandemic demonstrated rapid vaccine development feasibility using advanced platforms and global funding coordination. Companies are now leveraging mRNA, viral vector, and recombinant technologies to shorten development cycles.
In June 2024, Dynavax Technologies initiated Phase 1/2 trials for Z-1018, an investigational shingles vaccine candidate, reflecting increasing private-sector investments in preventive medicine.
Market Challenges
Stringent regulatory guidelines across regions increase compliance complexity and delay approvals. Additionally, vaccines require strict cold-chain logistics, making transportation and storage difficult in remote and underdeveloped regions.
Supply chain disruptions, refrigeration limitations, and infrastructure gaps hinder last-mile delivery, affecting coverage in emerging markets and slowing national immunization rollouts.
Vaccines Market Trends
Manufacturers are increasingly shifting from traditional vials to prefilled syringe (PFS) formats, which reduce contamination risks, dosing errors, and product wastage. PFS also improves vaccination efficiency during mass immunization programs.
In September 2022, BD launched next-generation glass prefillable syringes to meet evolving vaccine manufacturing needs. Regulatory approvals for PFS-based vaccines are further accelerating adoption.
By Type
The recombinant/conjugate/subunit vaccine segment dominated the market with 46.88% share in 2026, driven by strong safety profiles, stable immune responses, and scalable production processes. Bavarian Nordic's VIMKUNYA recombinant chikungunya vaccine received European approval in February 2025.
The inactivated segment held the second-largest share, supported by rising demand for rabies, influenza, hepatitis A, and typhoid vaccines. Sanofi's Verorab rabies vaccine launch in the U.K. in April 2024 supported segment growth.
The mRNA segment is expected to grow at the fastest rate due to expanding indications beyond COVID-19. In August 2024, Pfizer and BioNTech reported Phase 3 data for combined influenza-COVID mRNA vaccine candidates.
By Route of Administration
Parenteral vaccines dominated the market with 85.18% share in 2026, supported by widespread intramuscular and subcutaneous formulations. Regulatory approvals for injectable vaccines continue to rise.
Oral vaccines show slower adoption due to formulation challenges but maintain growth in cholera and polio prevention programs.
By Disease Indication
Viral diseases accounted for 66.01% market share in 2026, driven by influenza, HPV, RSV, hepatitis, and shingles vaccines. Government awareness campaigns and routine booster programs continue to expand viral vaccine uptake.
Bacterial vaccines are expected to grow at higher CAGR due to antibiotic resistance and rising neonatal immunization programs. In March 2025, Merck received EU approval for CAPVAXIVE pneumococcal vaccine.
By Age Group
The pediatric segment dominated with 52.74% share in 2026, supported by birth rates and mandatory childhood vaccination schedules. Government-funded immunization programs remain major contributors.
The adult segment is growing due to increased RSV, HPV, and Mpox vaccination programs targeting older populations.
By Distribution Channel
Government suppliers dominated procurement through UNICEF, PAHO, and national programs. Hospital and retail pharmacies accounted for 48.1% share in 2025, supported by improved accessibility and consumer convenience.
North America generated USD 40.39 billion in 2025 and USD 43.82 billion in 2026, supported by public funding, CDC recommendations, and manufacturer presence. The U.S. alone reached USD 36.92 billion in 2026.
Asia Pacific reached USD 22.14 billion in 2025, driven by rising birth rates, government programs, and expanding manufacturing capacity. China reached USD 2.68 billion in 2026, while India stood at USD 2.46 billion in 2025.
Europe generated USD 19.07 billion in 2025, supported by centralized healthcare systems and increasing regulatory approvals, with Germany at USD 5.11 billion and France at USD 4.36 billion.
Latin America reached USD 5.95 billion in 2025, while GCC countries accounted for USD 0.53 billion in 2025, supported by expanding national immunization budgets.
Competitive Landscape
Major players including GSK, Pfizer, Sanofi, Merck, Moderna, CSL, AstraZeneca, and Bavarian Nordic dominate through strong product portfolios and continuous R&D investment. Strategic acquisitions, regulatory approvals, and pipeline expansion remain core growth strategies across the vaccines industry.
Conclusion
The global vaccines market is on a strong growth trajectory, expanding from USD 88.92 billion in 2025 to USD 95.68 billion in 2026, and projected to reach USD 211.58 billion by 2034, driven by rising infectious disease burden, expanding national immunization programs, and continuous innovation in vaccine technologies. North America remains the leading region with a 45.42% share in 2025, supported by strong public health funding and rapid regulatory approvals, while Asia Pacific is emerging as a high-growth region due to increasing birth rates and government vaccination initiatives. Segment-wise, recombinant/conjugate/subunit vaccines (46.88% share in 2026) and parenteral administration (85.18% share in 2026) dominate due to proven efficacy and widespread clinical adoption, while viral disease vaccines account for the majority of demand with 66.01% share in 2026. Although high development costs, regulatory complexity, and cold-chain logistics remain key challenges, rising R&D investments, expansion of mRNA platforms, and the shift toward prefilled syringes are strengthening production efficiency and distribution reliability. Overall, vaccines continue to remain a cornerstone of global preventive healthcare, with sustained demand across pediatric and adult populations supporting long-term market expansion.
Segmentation By Type
By Route of Administration
By Disease Indication
By Age Group
By Distribution Channel
By Region