![]() |
市場調查報告書
商品編碼
2046627
陸上浮體式太陽能發電市場:全球產業規模、佔有率、趨勢、機會和預測(按組件、類型、應用和地區分類),競爭格局(2021-2031 年)Onshore Floating Solar Market - Global Industry Size, Share, Trends, Opportunity, and Forecast, Segmented By Component, By Type, By Application, By Region & Competition, 2021-2031F |
||||||
全球陸上浮體式太陽能發電市場預計將從 2025 年的 39.9 億美元成長到 2031 年的 216.5 億美元,複合年成長率將達到 32.56%。
在這個市場中,太陽能發電陣列並非安裝在土地上,而是安裝在水庫、水壩和工業池塘等內陸水體中。該領域的主要促進因素是克服土地徵用限制的需求。這使得發電無需佔用房地產或農業用地。此外,水的固有冷卻效應提高了光學模組的熱效率,從而比地面安裝系統產生更高的發電量。
| 市場概覽 | |
|---|---|
| 預測期 | 2027-2031 |
| 市場規模(2025 年) | 39.9億美元 |
| 市場規模(2031年) | 216.5億美元 |
| 複合年成長率(2026-2031) | 32.56% |
| 快速成長的細分市場 | 追蹤類型 |
| 最大的市場 | 亞太地區 |
儘管擁有這些優勢,市場仍面臨許多挑戰,尤其是需要大量前期投資來建造專用繫錨碇設施和能夠承受環境壓力和水位波動的固定基礎設施。為了更直覺地了解該產業的規模,國際能源總署光伏發電系統工作小組(IEA PVPS Task 13)的報告指出,到2024年初,浮體式運作發電裝置容量將至少達到7.8吉瓦。這一數字凸顯了儘管仍存在資金和技術方面的障礙,但這項技術的應用範圍仍在不斷擴大。
全球陸上浮體式太陽能發電市場的主要驅動力之一是將太陽能陣列與現有水力發電基礎設施進行策略性整合。這使得開發商能夠利用現有電網並穩定能源輸出。透過將浮體式太陽能發電設施與水力發電大壩並置,營運商可以利用現有的電網連接,從而顯著降低新建輸電基礎設施的資本成本。此外,這些混合系統還具有互補的發電特性。太陽能發電在晴朗乾燥、水庫水位較低的日子達到峰值,而水力發電則可以調節輸出,在日照不足時提供電力。 2024年8月,SJVN Green Energy公司運作了奧姆卡雷什瓦爾浮動太陽能發電園區90兆瓦的機組,這充分展現了這種協同效應,標誌著利用世界最大水庫之一的可再生能源發電項目取得了重大進展。
此外,隨著適宜地面太陽能發電工程建設的土地日益短缺,各國都在尋求在不佔用農業用地或都市區的情況下擴大可再生能源產能,加速了浮體式太陽能發電技術的應用。透過利用湖泊和工業水庫等內陸水域,即使在土地昂貴或受到保護的地區,也能實現極高的擴充性。 2024年6月,《光電雜誌》(PV Magazine)的一篇報導強調了這項策略的潛力。該報告引用了班戈大學的研究,並估計全球湖泊和水庫上安裝的浮體式太陽能發電系統每年可發電高達1302太瓦時(TWh)。據歐洲太陽能協會(SolarPower Europe)稱,鑑於2023年全球新增太陽能發電裝置容量達447吉瓦(GW),利用陸地以外的水域進行發電至關重要,因為迫切需要替代土地來支持這一成長。
專用錨定和錨碇系統的需求是限制全球陸上浮體式太陽能發電市場成長的主要財務障礙。雖然這些技術組件對於穩定太陽能陣列免受水流和水位波動的影響至關重要,但與標準的地面系統相比,它們會導致更高的初始投資成本。因此,潛在投資者通常認為這些項目存在財務風險,導致在仍有低成本陸上場地可供選擇的地區,此類項目的推廣速度較慢。
儘管浮式光電發電技術具有發電優勢,但成本差距使其實際上仍處於小眾市場。與傳統光電發電方式相比,其安裝規模的差異凸顯了結構性要求所帶來的經濟障礙。根據歐洲太陽能協會(SolarPower Europe)統計,截至2024年,浮體式光電系統在全球整體裝置容量中所佔比例不足1%。這一顯著差距表明,在當前的可再生能源格局下,財務和結構方面的複雜性仍然限制著浮體式光電解決方案的廣泛應用。
雙面光學模組的普及利用水面反射特性提升發電效率,從根本上改變了市場格局。與標準單面光電模組不同,雙面光電系統能夠同時捕捉來自上方的直射陽光和水面反射光,利用反照率效應提高總發電量。這項技術與水的天然冷卻特性結合,產生協同效應,減少了地面光電系統常見的散熱損失。發表於2024年9月《光伏雜誌》(PV Magazine)的報導題為「最佳化熱帶淡水浮體式式光伏應用的雙面光伏組件」的文章指出,實驗研究表明,淡水的冷卻效應使雙面光伏組件的效率比傳統表面提高了3.19%,顯著提升了開發商的盈利。
同時,在廢棄採石場和礦井中開發湖泊,標誌著工業棕地向高產量可再生能源資產轉型策略的轉變。這一趨勢著重於振興枯竭的礦區,將不適合農業或休閒的深水人工水體改造為大規模發電廠。透過利用這些空腔,營運商可以部署大規模發電能力,而無需像開發天然水體那樣面臨環境和社會方面的阻力。這種方法在採礦業蓬勃發展的地區正迅速普及。例如,德國對外貿易投資署 (Germany Trade & Invest) 於 2024 年 10 月報告稱,菲利普湖 (Philippsee) 礫石湖中新建的一座 15 兆瓦浮體式設施預計每年可發電 1600 萬千瓦時,這表明將廢棄礦區改造為永續能源中心是可行的。
The Global Onshore Floating Solar Market is projected to expand from USD 3.99 Billion in 2025 to USD 21.65 Billion by 2031, achieving a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 32.56%. This market involves installing photovoltaic arrays on inland water bodies, including reservoirs, hydroelectric dams, and industrial ponds, rather than utilizing terrestrial land. Key drivers fueling this sector include the imperative to overcome land acquisition limitations, which allows for energy generation without encroaching on real estate or agricultural space. Additionally, the inherent cooling effect of the water enhances the thermal efficiency of the photovoltaic modules, leading to superior energy yields relative to ground-mounted systems.
| Market Overview | |
|---|---|
| Forecast Period | 2027-2031 |
| Market Size 2025 | USD 3.99 Billion |
| Market Size 2031 | USD 21.65 Billion |
| CAGR 2026-2031 | 32.56% |
| Fastest Growing Segment | Tracking |
| Largest Market | Asia Pacific |
Despite these benefits, the market faces a significant hurdle regarding the substantial initial capital expenditure required for specialized anchoring and mooring infrastructure, which must endure environmental stress and fluctuating water levels. To provide a quantitative perspective on the industry's scale, IEA PVPS Task 13 reported that globally operational floating solar capacity reached at least 7.8 GW by early 2024. This figure emphasizes the technology's expanding footprint, even as it contends with persistent financial and technical barriers.
Market Driver
A primary catalyst for the Global Onshore Floating Solar Market is the strategic integration of solar arrays with existing hydropower infrastructure, allowing developers to utilize established transmission networks and stabilize energy output. By co-locating floating photovoltaics with hydroelectric dams, operators can leverage pre-existing grid connections, thereby significantly lowering capital costs related to new transmission infrastructure. Moreover, these hybrid systems provide a complementary generation profile; solar output peaks during dry, sunny intervals when reservoir levels may be low, while hydropower can be dispatched during periods of low solar irradiance. This synergy was notably demonstrated in August 2024, when SJVN Green Energy commissioned a 90 MW section of the Omkareshwar Floating Solar Park, marking a major milestone in one of the world's largest reservoir-based renewable energy initiatives.
Additionally, the increasing scarcity of suitable land for ground-mounted solar projects is accelerating the adoption of floating solar technology, as nations aim to boost renewable capacity without disturbing agricultural or urban land. Utilizing inland water bodies like lakes and industrial reservoirs facilitates immense scalability in areas where land is expensive or protected. The potential of this strategy was highlighted in a June 2024 PV Magazine report, which cited a Bangor University study estimating that floating solar on global lakes and reservoirs could generate up to 1,302 TWh of electricity annually. This push to use non-terrestrial surfaces is vital given that, according to SolarPower Europe, the world added 447 GW of new solar capacity in 2023, creating urgent demand for alternative surfaces to support this growth.
Market Challenge
The necessity for specialized anchoring and mooring systems presents a major financial barrier that directly hinders the growth of the Global Onshore Floating Solar Market. Although these technical components are critical for stabilizing photovoltaic arrays against water currents and level variations, they require a higher upfront capital expenditure compared to standard ground-mounted installations. As a result, potential investors frequently view these projects as carrying higher financial risk, leading to slower adoption in regions where terrestrial land remains available at a lower development cost.
This cost disparity effectively restricts the technology to a niche role despite its generation advantages. The economic friction caused by these structural requirements becomes apparent when comparing installation volumes with traditional solar methods. According to SolarPower Europe, in 2024, floating solar accounted for less than 1 percent of the record 447 GW of global solar capacity installed the previous year. This significant gap illustrates how financial and structural complexities continue to limit the broader scalability of floating photovoltaic solutions within the current renewable energy landscape.
Market Trends
The widespread adoption of bifacial photovoltaic modules is fundamentally reshaping the market's technical landscape by utilizing the reflective capabilities of water surfaces to boost energy generation. Unlike standard monofacial panels, bifacial systems capture direct sunlight from above and reflected light from the water below, leveraging the albedo effect to increase total power output. This technology offers a synergistic benefit when combined with the natural cooling properties of water, mitigating thermal losses common in ground-based setups. A September 2024 article in PV Magazine, titled 'Optimizing bifacial solar panels for floating PV applications in tropical freshwater,' reported that experimental research showed the cooling effect of freshwater can yield a 3.19 percent higher bifacial gain compared to conventional surfaces, significantly improving developer returns.
Concurrently, the expansion into quarry lakes and mining voids marks a strategic shift toward repurposing industrial brownfields into productive renewable energy assets. This trend focuses on rehabilitating exhausted mining sites, converting deep, artificial water bodies unsuitable for agriculture or recreation into large-scale power plants. Utilizing these voids allows operators to deploy massive capacity without triggering the environmental or social opposition often associated with natural water bodies. This approach is rapidly gaining traction in regions with heavy extractive industries; for example, Germany Trade & Invest reported in October 2024 that a newly commissioned 15 MW floating facility on the Philippsee gravel lake is expected to generate 16 million kilowatt-hours annually, proving the viability of transforming former extraction sites into sustainable energy hubs.
Report Scope
In this report, the Global Onshore Floating Solar Market has been segmented into the following categories, in addition to the industry trends which have also been detailed below:
Company Profiles: Detailed analysis of the major companies present in the Global Onshore Floating Solar Market.
Global Onshore Floating Solar Market report with the given market data, TechSci Research offers customizations according to a company's specific needs. The following customization options are available for the report: