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市場調查報告書
商品編碼
2030326

氯沙坦市場－全球產業規模、佔有率、趨勢、機會、預測：按原料、應用、區域和競爭對手分類，2021-2031年

Losartan Market - Global Industry Size, Share, Trends, Opportunity, and Forecast, Segmented By Source, By Application, By Region & Competition, 2021-2031F
出版日期: | 出版商: TechSci Research | 英文 185 Pages | 商品交期: 2-3個工作天內

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簡介目錄

全球氯沙坦市場預計將從 2025 年的 7.4321 億美元成長到 2031 年的 9.3337 億美元，複合年成長率為 3.87%。

氯沙坦是血管收縮素II受體阻斷劑（ARB），是治療方法高血壓及相關心血管疾病（如糖尿病腎臟病）的主要藥物。市場擴張的主要促進因素是全球高血壓盛行率上升和人口老化，這兩大因素共同導致需要長期服藥的患者群體不斷擴大。世界衛生組織（WHO）發布的《2025年全球高血壓報告》顯示，到2024年，全球將有約14億人患有高血壓，顯示對可靠的降血壓藥物的需求非常高且持續成長。此外，人們越來越重視高血壓的早期發現和持續管理，這也推動了市場發展。

市場概覽
預測期 2027-2031
市場規模：2025年 7.4321億美元
市場規模：2031年 9.3337億美元
複合年成長率：2026-2031年 3.87%
成長最快的細分市場 契約製造公司
最大的市場 北美洲

市場成長的主要障礙是學名藥生產商之間的激烈競爭和持續的價格壓力。作為一種廣泛使用的學名藥，氯沙坦不斷與其他血管緊張素II受體拮抗劑（ARB）類藥物和各種類型的降血壓藥物競爭。這種激烈的競爭，加上控制醫療成本的廣泛努力，導致藥品價格下降，進而限制了該領域的收入成長機會。

市場促進因素

全球高血壓盛行率的不斷上升是全球氯沙坦市場的主要促進因素，直接導致需要可靠降血壓治療的患者人數增加。高血壓影響全球大量成年人，因此對氯沙坦等藥物的需求持續強勁。世界衛生組織（世衛組織）在其於2025年9月23日發布的《2025年全球高血壓報告》中指出，未控制的高血壓每年導致超過1000萬人死亡，凸顯了對療效確切且易於獲取的治療方法的持續需求。這個常見的健康問題凸顯了氯沙坦在降低心血管風險方面發揮的關鍵作用，同時也確保了其處方量的穩定性。

同時，全球人口老化是推動氯沙坦市場成長的主要動力。老年人本身更容易患高血壓及相關心血管疾病，因此對長期藥物治療的需求日益成長。根據世界衛生組織（WHO）截至2025年10月1日的數據，全球60歲及以上人口預計將從2023年的11億增至2030年的14億，這將形成一個龐大的需要持續醫療保健的人群。氯沙坦療效顯著且供應充足，使其在滿足不斷成長的患者群體需求方面佔據有利地位。此外，氯沙坦學名藥藥的廣泛上市也提高了其可負擔性和市場可及性。根據美國可及藥品協會和生物相似藥委員會於 2025 年 9 月 3 日發布的《2025 年美國非專利藥和生物類似藥節省報告》，學名藥和生物類似藥在 2024 年為患者和美國醫療保健系統節省了 4670 億美元，凸顯了這些治療方法的經濟效益和日益成長的可及性。

市場挑戰

由於學名藥的激烈競爭和持續的價格限制，全球氯沙坦市場面臨許多挑戰。作為一種易於取得的非專利血管收縮素II受體阻斷劑（ARB），氯沙坦需要與多種其他非專利降血壓藥物競爭，其中包括其他ARB類藥物以及用於不同治療領域的藥物。這種激烈的競爭，加上全球控制醫療成本的努力日益加強，給藥品價格帶來了巨大的下行壓力。因此，這種市場環境極大地限制了氯沙坦生產商的收入成長潛力。

這場競爭對整個學名藥產業產生了深遠的經濟影響。美國可及藥品協會 (AAM) 在其 2025 年美國非專利和生物類似藥節省報告指出，儘管學名藥和生物類似藥在 2024 年佔所有處方箋的 90%，但它們僅佔處方箋總支出的 12%。這種鮮明的對比凸顯了非專利市場價格上限的嚴格限制，直接導致某些非專利藥（例如氯沙坦）的利潤率降低，成長受阻。即使處方率仍然很高，對更經濟實惠的替代藥物的持續需求也在拉低單位收入，並有效地限制了整個市場的價值。

市場趨勢

塑造全球氯沙坦市場的關鍵趨勢之一是開發創新劑型，以提高患者的用藥依從性和藥物可近性。這些進步滿足了患者的個別需求，尤其是有吞嚥傳統固態片劑困難的患者。例如，即用型液體氯沙坦的上市簡化了兒童、老年人和吞嚥困難患者的用藥流程，消除了處方藥常見的品質差異和併發症。在Scienture Holdings, Inc.於2026年2月3日發布的業務更新中，該公司重點介紹了其透過集團採購組織（GPO）契約，向美國2500多家醫療機構擴大了首個獲得FDA核准的即用型口服液體氯沙坦Arbli™的供應。這體現了該公司致力於擴大市場滲透率和改善患者照護的承諾。

此外，氯沙坦的臨床應用範圍已擴展到高血壓治療以外的其他領域，這是另一個重要的市場趨勢。儘管氯沙坦被廣泛認為是一種血壓調節藥物，但持續的研究和不斷更新的臨床方案日益凸顯其在治療其他腎臟和心血管疾病（包括糖尿病腎臟病和心臟衰竭）方面的療效。這種醫療應用範圍的擴大使氯沙坦成為一種適應性極強的治療方法，具有多方面的益處，例如保護重要器官以及在複雜的疾病中提供更好的治療效果。 2025年9月4日，一項題為「比較血管收縮素轉化酵素抑制劑和血管收縮素受體阻斷劑的療效：一項多資料庫靶向試驗模擬研究」的研究發表於《美國心臟協會期刊》。研究顯示，接受血管收縮素受體阻斷劑（ARB）治療的患者5年全因死亡率累積率為3.04%，顯著低於接受血管張力素轉換酶抑制劑（ACEI）治療的患者的3.45%。這進一步證實了ARB在更廣泛的臨床應用中具有強大的保護作用。

目錄

第1章概述

第2章：調查方法

第3章執行摘要

第4章：客戶心聲

第5章：全球氯沙坦市場展望

  • 市場規模及預測
    • 按金額
  • 市佔率及預測
    • 依製造方法（契約製造、內部製造）
    • 依應用領域（高血壓、中風、糖尿病腎臟病等）
    • 按地區
    • 按公司（2025 年）
  • 市場地圖

第6章：北美氯沙坦市場展望

  • 市場規模及預測
  • 市佔率及預測
  • 北美洲：國別分析
    • 美國
    • 加拿大
    • 墨西哥

第7章：歐洲氯沙坦市場展望

  • 市場規模及預測
  • 市佔率及預測
  • 歐洲：國別分析
    • 德國
    • 法國
    • 英國
    • 義大利
    • 西班牙

第8章：氯沙坦在亞太地區的市場展望

  • 市場規模及預測
  • 市佔率及預測
  • 亞太地區：國別分析
    • 中國
    • 印度
    • 日本
    • 韓國
    • 澳洲

第9章：氯沙坦在中東和非洲的市場展望

  • 市場規模及預測
  • 市佔率及預測
  • 中東與非洲：國別分析
    • 沙烏地阿拉伯
    • 阿拉伯聯合大公國
    • 南非

第10章：南美洲氯沙坦市場展望

  • 市場規模及預測
  • 市佔率及預測
  • 南美洲：國別分析
    • 巴西
    • 哥倫比亞
    • 阿根廷

第11章 市場動態

  • 促進因素
  • 任務

第12章 市場趨勢與發展

  • 併購
  • 產品發布
  • 近期趨勢

第13章：全球氯沙坦市場：SWOT分析

第14章：波特五力分析

  • 產業競爭
  • 新進入者的潛力
  • 供應商的議價能力
  • 顧客權力
  • 替代品的威脅

第15章 競爭格局

  • Merck & Co. Inc.
  • Pfizer Inc.
  • Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd.
  • Sanofi SA
  • Novartis International AG
  • Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Ltd.
  • Sun Pharmaceuticals Industries Ltd.
  • Aurobindo Pharma Ltd.
  • Torrent Pharmaceutical Ltd.
  • Lupin Ltd.

第16章 策略建議

第17章：關於研究公司及免責聲明

簡介目錄
Product Code: 7269

The Global Losartan market is anticipated to expand from USD 743.21 million in 2025 to USD 933.37 million by 2031, reflecting a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 3.87%. As an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB), Losartan is a key pharmaceutical treatment for hypertension and associated cardiovascular issues like diabetic nephropathy. Market expansion is primarily driven by a rising worldwide incidence of high blood pressure and a growing elderly population, which collectively broaden the patient base in need of ongoing pharmacological care. The World Health Organization's 2025 Global Hypertension Report noted that roughly 1.4 billion individuals had hypertension in 2024, highlighting an immense and escalating need for reliable antihypertensive medications. Furthermore, increased emphasis on early detection and sustained management of high blood pressure continues to stimulate market development.

Market Overview
Forecast Period2027-2031
Market Size 2025USD 743.21 Million
Market Size 2031USD 933.37 Million
CAGR 2026-20313.87%
Fastest Growing SegmentContract Manufacturing Organizations
Largest MarketNorth America

A major obstacle to market growth is the fierce competition among generic drug manufacturers and the relentless pressure on pricing. Because Losartan is a broadly accessible generic drug, it continuously competes against other ARBs and various categories of blood pressure medications. This intense rivalry, paired with widespread initiatives to curb healthcare costs, forces pharmaceutical prices downward and subsequently restricts opportunities for revenue growth within the sector.

Market Driver

The rising worldwide incidence of hypertension is a core driver for the global Losartan market, directly increasing the number of patients who need reliable antihypertensive therapies. High blood pressure affects a massive segment of adults globally, creating a continuous need for pharmacological solutions like Losartan. The World Health Organization highlighted in its 2025 Global Hypertension Report, published on September 23, 2025, that uncontrolled high blood pressure causes more than 10 million deaths annually, revealing a steady necessity for proven and accessible treatments. This widespread health issue ensures stable prescription volumes and emphasizes Losartan's essential function in reducing cardiovascular dangers.

At the same time, the global surge in the elderly population plays a major role in driving the Losartan market forward. Seniors face a naturally higher risk of hypertension and related cardiovascular conditions, which drives up the demand for long-term medication management. Data from the World Health Organization on October 1, 2025, projects that the global demographic of people aged 60 and older will grow from 1.1 billion in 2023 to 1.4 billion by 2030, creating a vast group in need of sustained medical care. Because of its proven effectiveness and broad availability, Losartan is well-positioned to serve this expanding patient demographic. Additionally, the widespread presence of generic Losartan options improves both affordability and market access. The 2025 U.S. Generic & Biosimilar Medicines Savings Report, published on September 3, 2025, by the Association for Accessible Medicines and the Biosimilars Council, revealed that generic and biosimilar drugs saved patients and the U.S. healthcare system $467 billion in 2024, underscoring the financial advantages and increasing utilization of these treatments.

Market Challenge

The Global Losartan industry encounters substantial hurdles due to severe generic rivalry and persistent pricing constraints. Being a readily accessible generic angiotensin II receptor blocker, Losartan is in continuous competition with a variety of other generic blood pressure medications, encompassing alternative ARBs and distinct therapeutic categories. This intensely contested landscape, combined with widespread global efforts to control healthcare expenditures, places intense downward pressure on drug prices. Consequently, this environment severely restricts the capacity for revenue growth among Losartan producers.

The economic consequences of this rivalry are deeply felt throughout the generic pharmaceutical industry. The Association for Accessible Medicines (AAM) noted in its 2025 U.S. Generic & Biosimilar Medicines Savings Report that while generic and biosimilar drugs made up 90 percent of all dispensed prescriptions in 2024, they represented only 12 percent of total prescription expenditures. This stark contrast highlights the intense pricing limitations within the generic market, leading directly to reduced profit margins and hindered growth for specific generic therapies such as Losartan. The relentless push for more affordable alternatives drives down revenue per unit, effectively capping total market valuation even when prescription rates remain high.

Market Trends

A major trend shaping the global Losartan market is the creation of innovative drug formulations that improve both patient adherence and medication accessibility. These advancements cater to distinct patient requirements, especially for those who struggle to swallow conventional solid pills. For instance, launching ready-to-use liquid versions of Losartan simplifies the dosing process for children, the elderly, and patients with dysphagia, eliminating the varied quality and complications often linked to compounded drugs. A commercial update from Scienture Holdings, Inc. on February 3, 2026, highlighted that the firm increased U.S. availability of Arbli(TM), the initial FDA-cleared ready-to-use oral liquid Losartan, to over 2,500 healthcare facilities via Institutional GPO contracts, showcasing a dedicated push to expand market penetration and elevate patient care.

Additionally, the growing range of clinical uses for Losartan outside of its core hypertension focus marks another significant market trend. Although widely recognized for regulating blood pressure, continuous studies and updated clinical protocols are increasingly highlighting its effectiveness in treating other renal and cardiovascular ailments, including diabetic nephropathy and heart failure. This expanding medical utility establishes Losartan as an adaptable treatment capable of delivering multiple advantages, such as vital organ protection and better health outcomes in complicated medical situations. A study featured in the American Heart Association Journals on September 4, 2025, titled 'Comparative Effectiveness of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors Versus Angiotensin Receptor Blockers: Multidatabase Target Trial Emulation Studies,' revealed that the five-year cumulative rate of all-cause mortality for patients starting on ARBs was 3.04%, which is significantly lower than the 3.45% seen in patients starting ACE inhibitors, further validating the robust protective benefits of ARBs across wider clinical applications.

Key Market Players

  • Merck & Co. Inc.
  • Pfizer Inc.
  • Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd.
  • Sanofi S.A.
  • Novartis International AG
  • Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Ltd.
  • Sun Pharmaceuticals Industries Ltd.
  • Aurobindo Pharma Ltd.
  • Torrent Pharmaceutical Ltd.
  • Lupin Ltd.

Report Scope

In this report, the Global Losartan Market has been segmented into the following categories, in addition to the industry trends which have also been detailed below:

Losartan Market, By Source

  • Contract Manufacturing Organizations
  • In-House

Losartan Market, By Application

  • Hypertension
  • Stroke
  • Diabetic Nephropathy
  • Others

Losartan Market, By Region

  • North America
    • United States
    • Canada
    • Mexico
  • Europe
    • France
    • United Kingdom
    • Italy
    • Germany
    • Spain
  • Asia Pacific
    • China
    • India
    • Japan
    • Australia
    • South Korea
  • South America
    • Brazil
    • Argentina
    • Colombia
  • Middle East & Africa
    • South Africa
    • Saudi Arabia
    • UAE

Competitive Landscape

Company Profiles: Detailed analysis of the major companies present in the Global Losartan Market.

Available Customizations:

Global Losartan Market report with the given market data, TechSci Research offers customizations according to a company's specific needs. The following customization options are available for the report:

Company Information

  • Detailed analysis and profiling of additional market players (up to five).

Table of Contents

1. Product Overview

  • 1.1. Market Definition
  • 1.2. Scope of the Market
    • 1.2.1. Markets Covered
    • 1.2.2. Years Considered for Study
    • 1.2.3. Key Market Segmentations

2. Research Methodology

  • 2.1. Objective of the Study
  • 2.2. Baseline Methodology
  • 2.3. Key Industry Partners
  • 2.4. Major Association and Secondary Sources
  • 2.5. Forecasting Methodology
  • 2.6. Data Triangulation & Validation
  • 2.7. Assumptions and Limitations

3. Executive Summary

  • 3.1. Overview of the Market
  • 3.2. Overview of Key Market Segmentations
  • 3.3. Overview of Key Market Players
  • 3.4. Overview of Key Regions/Countries
  • 3.5. Overview of Market Drivers, Challenges, Trends

4. Voice of Customer

5. Global Losartan Market Outlook

  • 5.1. Market Size & Forecast
    • 5.1.1. By Value
  • 5.2. Market Share & Forecast
    • 5.2.1. By Source (Contract Manufacturing Organizations, In-House)
    • 5.2.2. By Application (Hypertension, Stroke, Diabetic Nephropathy, Others)
    • 5.2.3. By Region
    • 5.2.4. By Company (2025)
  • 5.3. Market Map

6. North America Losartan Market Outlook

  • 6.1. Market Size & Forecast
    • 6.1.1. By Value
  • 6.2. Market Share & Forecast
    • 6.2.1. By Source
    • 6.2.2. By Application
    • 6.2.3. By Country
  • 6.3. North America: Country Analysis
    • 6.3.1. United States Losartan Market Outlook
      • 6.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 6.3.1.1.1. By Value
      • 6.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 6.3.1.2.1. By Source
        • 6.3.1.2.2. By Application
    • 6.3.2. Canada Losartan Market Outlook
      • 6.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 6.3.2.1.1. By Value
      • 6.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 6.3.2.2.1. By Source
        • 6.3.2.2.2. By Application
    • 6.3.3. Mexico Losartan Market Outlook
      • 6.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 6.3.3.1.1. By Value
      • 6.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 6.3.3.2.1. By Source
        • 6.3.3.2.2. By Application

7. Europe Losartan Market Outlook

  • 7.1. Market Size & Forecast
    • 7.1.1. By Value
  • 7.2. Market Share & Forecast
    • 7.2.1. By Source
    • 7.2.2. By Application
    • 7.2.3. By Country
  • 7.3. Europe: Country Analysis
    • 7.3.1. Germany Losartan Market Outlook
      • 7.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 7.3.1.1.1. By Value
      • 7.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 7.3.1.2.1. By Source
        • 7.3.1.2.2. By Application
    • 7.3.2. France Losartan Market Outlook
      • 7.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 7.3.2.1.1. By Value
      • 7.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 7.3.2.2.1. By Source
        • 7.3.2.2.2. By Application
    • 7.3.3. United Kingdom Losartan Market Outlook
      • 7.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 7.3.3.1.1. By Value
      • 7.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 7.3.3.2.1. By Source
        • 7.3.3.2.2. By Application
    • 7.3.4. Italy Losartan Market Outlook
      • 7.3.4.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 7.3.4.1.1. By Value
      • 7.3.4.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 7.3.4.2.1. By Source
        • 7.3.4.2.2. By Application
    • 7.3.5. Spain Losartan Market Outlook
      • 7.3.5.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 7.3.5.1.1. By Value
      • 7.3.5.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 7.3.5.2.1. By Source
        • 7.3.5.2.2. By Application

8. Asia Pacific Losartan Market Outlook

  • 8.1. Market Size & Forecast
    • 8.1.1. By Value
  • 8.2. Market Share & Forecast
    • 8.2.1. By Source
    • 8.2.2. By Application
    • 8.2.3. By Country
  • 8.3. Asia Pacific: Country Analysis
    • 8.3.1. China Losartan Market Outlook
      • 8.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 8.3.1.1.1. By Value
      • 8.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 8.3.1.2.1. By Source
        • 8.3.1.2.2. By Application
    • 8.3.2. India Losartan Market Outlook
      • 8.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 8.3.2.1.1. By Value
      • 8.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 8.3.2.2.1. By Source
        • 8.3.2.2.2. By Application
    • 8.3.3. Japan Losartan Market Outlook
      • 8.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 8.3.3.1.1. By Value
      • 8.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 8.3.3.2.1. By Source
        • 8.3.3.2.2. By Application
    • 8.3.4. South Korea Losartan Market Outlook
      • 8.3.4.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 8.3.4.1.1. By Value
      • 8.3.4.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 8.3.4.2.1. By Source
        • 8.3.4.2.2. By Application
    • 8.3.5. Australia Losartan Market Outlook
      • 8.3.5.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 8.3.5.1.1. By Value
      • 8.3.5.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 8.3.5.2.1. By Source
        • 8.3.5.2.2. By Application

9. Middle East & Africa Losartan Market Outlook

  • 9.1. Market Size & Forecast
    • 9.1.1. By Value
  • 9.2. Market Share & Forecast
    • 9.2.1. By Source
    • 9.2.2. By Application
    • 9.2.3. By Country
  • 9.3. Middle East & Africa: Country Analysis
    • 9.3.1. Saudi Arabia Losartan Market Outlook
      • 9.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 9.3.1.1.1. By Value
      • 9.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 9.3.1.2.1. By Source
        • 9.3.1.2.2. By Application
    • 9.3.2. UAE Losartan Market Outlook
      • 9.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 9.3.2.1.1. By Value
      • 9.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 9.3.2.2.1. By Source
        • 9.3.2.2.2. By Application
    • 9.3.3. South Africa Losartan Market Outlook
      • 9.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 9.3.3.1.1. By Value
      • 9.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 9.3.3.2.1. By Source
        • 9.3.3.2.2. By Application

10. South America Losartan Market Outlook

  • 10.1. Market Size & Forecast
    • 10.1.1. By Value
  • 10.2. Market Share & Forecast
    • 10.2.1. By Source
    • 10.2.2. By Application
    • 10.2.3. By Country
  • 10.3. South America: Country Analysis
    • 10.3.1. Brazil Losartan Market Outlook
      • 10.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 10.3.1.1.1. By Value
      • 10.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 10.3.1.2.1. By Source
        • 10.3.1.2.2. By Application
    • 10.3.2. Colombia Losartan Market Outlook
      • 10.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 10.3.2.1.1. By Value
      • 10.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 10.3.2.2.1. By Source
        • 10.3.2.2.2. By Application
    • 10.3.3. Argentina Losartan Market Outlook
      • 10.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 10.3.3.1.1. By Value
      • 10.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 10.3.3.2.1. By Source
        • 10.3.3.2.2. By Application

11. Market Dynamics

  • 11.1. Drivers
  • 11.2. Challenges

12. Market Trends & Developments

  • 12.1. Merger & Acquisition (If Any)
  • 12.2. Product Launches (If Any)
  • 12.3. Recent Developments

13. Global Losartan Market: SWOT Analysis

14. Porter's Five Forces Analysis

  • 14.1. Competition in the Industry
  • 14.2. Potential of New Entrants
  • 14.3. Power of Suppliers
  • 14.4. Power of Customers
  • 14.5. Threat of Substitute Products

15. Competitive Landscape

  • 15.1. Merck & Co. Inc.
    • 15.1.1. Business Overview
    • 15.1.2. Products & Services
    • 15.1.3. Recent Developments
    • 15.1.4. Key Personnel
    • 15.1.5. SWOT Analysis
  • 15.2. Pfizer Inc.
  • 15.3. Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd.
  • 15.4. Sanofi S.A.
  • 15.5. Novartis International AG
  • 15.6. Dr. Reddy's Laboratories Ltd.
  • 15.7. Sun Pharmaceuticals Industries Ltd.
  • 15.8. Aurobindo Pharma Ltd.
  • 15.9. Torrent Pharmaceutical Ltd.
  • 15.10. Lupin Ltd.

16. Strategic Recommendations

17. About Us & Disclaimer