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市場調查報告書
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1965991

汽車彈性體市場－全球產業規模、佔有率、趨勢、機會與預測：按車輛類型、類別、應用類型、地區和競爭格局分類，2021-2031年

Automotive Elastomers Market - Global Industry Size, Share, Trends, Opportunity, and Forecast, Segmented By Vehicle Type, By Type, By Application Type, By Region & Competition, 2021-2031F
出版日期: | 出版商: TechSci Research | 英文 181 Pages | 商品交期: 2-3個工作天內

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簡介目錄

全球汽車彈性體市場預計將從 2025 年的 389.6 億美元成長到 2031 年的 547.7 億美元，複合年成長率為 5.84%。

這些高性能天然和合成橡膠材料對於製造兼具耐用性和柔軟性的汽車零件至關重要，例如輪胎、軟管和密封件。市場成長的主要促進因素是全球汽車產量不斷成長，以及對既能提高燃油效率又能滿足安全標準的輕量化材料的需求日益成長。根據國際汽車製造商協會（OICA）預測，到2024年，汽車產量預計將達到約9,250萬輛，凸顯了商用車和乘用車領域對彈性體零件的持續且大規模的需求。

市場概覽
預測期 2027-2031
市場規模：2025年 389.6億美元
市場規模：2031年 547.7億美元
複合年成長率：2026-2031年 5.84%
成長最快的細分市場 熱塑性樹脂
最大的市場 亞太地區

然而，原料成本的不穩定性為市場帶來了許多挑戰。製造商嚴重依賴農業生產的天然橡膠和石油化學原料生產合成橡膠，使得他們極易受到價格波動的影響，籌資策略也因此受到干擾。這種經濟波動實際上構成了一道屏障，使得長期規劃難以實施，利潤率下降，材料創新的投資受到限制，並阻礙了市場的整體成長。

市場促進因素

電動車 (EV) 生產的加速發展是推動全球汽車彈性體產業發展的主要動力。與內燃機汽車不同，電動車需要具備電絕緣、優異的溫度控管和阻燃性能的專用彈性體零件，以確保電池的安全性和效率。因此，製造商正轉向使用三元乙丙橡膠(EPDM) 和矽酮等尖端材料，用於冷卻系統的密封件和高壓電纜的絕緣。這一行業轉變得益於快速的市場接受度。國際能源總署 (IEA) 發布的《2024 年全球電動車展望》報告顯示，2023 年全球電動車銷量將接近 1,400 萬輛，這表明市場對專為電動平台設計的彈性體的需求持續旺盛。

同時，日益嚴格的全球排放氣體法規迫使汽車產業採用節能輕量化材料。汽車製造商正積極以彈性體產品取代金屬零件以減輕車身重量，並研發符合嚴格燃油效率標準的低滾動阻力輪胎。這些監管壓力正在加速高性能合成橡膠的研發，這種橡膠在降低能耗的同時仍能保持耐用性。因應這些趨勢的市場規模龐大。根據中國汽車工業協會2024年1月發布的數據顯示，2023年中國汽車產量將達到創紀錄的3,016萬輛。此外，美國輪胎製造商協會2024年8月預測，當年美國輪胎總出貨量將達到3.374億條，印證了售後市場的龐大需求。

市場挑戰

原物料價格波動是全球汽車彈性體市場擴張的一大障礙。由於生產商嚴重依賴農業產量取得天然橡膠，以及石油化學產品取得合成橡膠，供應鏈極易受到環境因素和經濟波動的影響。當投入成本出現不可預測的波動時，企業難以製定穩定的價格並準確預測採購成本。這種財務上的不確定性迫使製造商採取謹慎的態度，經常推遲對工廠擴建和新材料研發的投資。

因此，這種波動性對利潤率造成壓力，並限制了供應商在不將成本轉嫁給原始設備製造商 (OEM) 的情況下應對市場衝擊的能力。根據天然橡膠生產國協會的數據，預計到 2024 年，全球天然橡膠消費量將達到 1,580 萬噸，而產量將維持在約 1,450 萬噸。這種供需缺口凸顯了資源限制，加劇了價格的不穩定性。這種供需差異限制了彈性體生產商有效拓展業務以及滿足市場持續發展所需的穩定數量需求的能力。

市場趨勢

隨著越來越多的企業努力實現循環經濟目標並減少對石油化學產品的依賴，可再生和生物基彈性體材料的日益普及正在改變供應鏈。與輕量化措施不同，此趨勢著重於原料採購，旨在推廣在密封劑和輪胎配方中使用永續原料，例如再生聚合物、稻殼二氧化矽和蒲公英橡膠。在消費者對綠色出行的需求和日益嚴格的環境標準的推動下，這項轉變正從實驗階段邁向大規模生產。供應商數據也反映了這項變化的規模，大陸集團在2025年6月的新聞稿中指出，到2024年，可再生和回收材料平均佔輪胎產量的26%。

同時，在對更高可回收性和加工效率的需求驅動下，業界正迅速從傳統的熱固性橡膠轉向熱可塑性橡膠（TPE）。與需要耗時硫化的熱固性橡膠不同，TPE 適用於包覆成型和高速射出成型，從而降低能耗並縮短生產週期。此外，TPE廢棄物可以重熔再利用，在最大限度地減少工業廢棄物和遵守報廢零件相關法規方面具有顯著優勢。這一趨勢的商業性影響巨大。塞拉尼斯公司在 2025 年 2 月發布的報告顯示，其工程材料部門（包括汽車彈性體業務）在 2024 年的淨銷售額達到 56 億美元。

目錄

第1章概述

第2章：調查方法

第3章執行摘要

第4章：客戶心聲

第5章：全球汽車彈性體市場展望

  • 市場規模及預測
    • 按金額
  • 市佔率及預測
    • 車輛類型（乘用車、商用車）
    • 按類型（熱固性、熱塑性）
    • 依應用領域（輪胎、內裝、外觀、引擎室）
    • 按地區
    • 按公司（2025 年）
  • 市場地圖

第6章：北美汽車彈性體市場展望

  • 市場規模及預測
  • 市佔率及預測
  • 北美洲：國別分析
    • 美國
    • 加拿大
    • 墨西哥

第7章：歐洲汽車彈性體市場展望

  • 市場規模及預測
  • 市佔率及預測
  • 歐洲：國別分析
    • 德國
    • 法國
    • 英國
    • 義大利
    • 西班牙

第8章：亞太地區汽車彈性體市場展望

  • 市場規模及預測
  • 市佔率及預測
  • 亞太地區：國別分析
    • 中國
    • 印度
    • 日本
    • 韓國
    • 澳洲

第9章：中東與非洲汽車彈性體市場展望

  • 市場規模及預測
  • 市佔率及預測
  • 中東與非洲：國別分析
    • 沙烏地阿拉伯
    • 阿拉伯聯合大公國
    • 南非

第10章：南美汽車彈性體市場展望

  • 市場規模及預測
  • 市佔率及預測
  • 南美洲：國別分析
    • 巴西
    • 哥倫比亞
    • 阿根廷

第11章 市場動態

  • 促進因素
  • 任務

第12章 市場趨勢與發展

  • 併購
  • 產品發布
  • 近期趨勢

第13章：全球汽車彈性體市場：SWOT分析

第14章：波特五力分析

  • 產業競爭
  • 新進入者的潛力
  • 供應商的議價能力
  • 顧客權力
  • 替代品的威脅

第15章 競爭格局

  • The Dow Chemical Company
  • LANXESS AG
  • DuPont de Nemours, Inc.
  • ExxonMobil Corporation
  • BASF SE
  • Saudi Basic Industries Corporation
  • Huntsman International LLC
  • Continental AG
  • INEOS AG
  • Solvay SA

第16章 策略建議

第17章：關於研究公司及免責聲明

簡介目錄
Product Code: 19287

The Global Automotive Elastomers Market is projected to expand from USD 38.96 Billion in 2025 to USD 54.77 Billion by 2031, reflecting a compound annual growth rate of 5.84%. These high-performance natural and synthetic rubber materials are essential for manufacturing durable and flexible vehicle components, such as tires, hoses, and seals. Market growth is primarily fueled by increasing global automotive manufacturing and the growing need for lightweight materials that enhance fuel efficiency while maintaining safety standards. According to the International Organisation of Motor Vehicle Manufacturers, the industry produced roughly 92.5 million motor vehicles in 2024, a volume that highlights the substantial and consistent demand for elastomeric components across both commercial and passenger transport sectors.

Market Overview
Forecast Period2027-2031
Market Size 2025USD 38.96 Billion
Market Size 2031USD 54.77 Billion
CAGR 2026-20315.84%
Fastest Growing SegmentThermoplastic
Largest MarketAsia Pacific

However, the market confronts a major obstacle due to the instability of raw material costs. Manufacturers rely heavily on agricultural yields for natural rubber and petrochemical feedstocks for synthetic rubber, leaving them vulnerable to unpredictable price fluctuations that disrupt procurement strategies. This financial volatility creates difficulties in long-term planning and reduces profit margins, effectively establishing a barrier that limits investment in material innovation and hinders broader market growth.

Market Driver

The accelerating production of electric vehicles (EVs) acts as a major driver for the evolution of the global automotive elastomers sector. In contrast to internal combustion engine vehicles, EVs demand specialized elastomeric parts that offer electrical insulation, superior thermal management, and flame retardancy to guarantee battery safety and efficiency. Consequently, manufacturers are shifting toward advanced materials such as ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (EPDM) and silicone for cooling system seals and high-voltage cable insulation. This industry shift is underscored by rapid adoption rates; the International Energy Agency's 'Global EV Outlook 2024' reported that global electric car sales neared 14 million in 2023, signaling a lasting demand for elastomers designed for electrified platforms.

Concurrently, strict global emission regulations are forcing the industry to adopt fuel-efficient, lightweight materials. Automakers are actively substituting metal parts with elastomeric equivalents to lower vehicle weight and developing low-rolling-resistance tires to satisfy rigorous fuel economy standards. This regulatory push fosters the creation of high-performance synthetic rubbers that maintain durability despite reduced energy usage. The market scale responding to these trends is vast; the China Association of Automobile Manufacturers reported in January 2024 that vehicle production in China hit a record 30.16 million units in 2023. Additionally, the U.S. Tire Manufacturers Association projected in August 2024 that total U.S. tire shipments would reach 337.4 million units for the year, confirming massive aftermarket demand.

Market Challenge

Fluctuating raw material prices constitute a significant hurdle for the expansion of the Global Automotive Elastomers Market. Producers depend extensively on agricultural harvests for natural rubber and petrochemical inputs for synthetic rubber, rendering the supply chain highly susceptible to environmental conditions and economic changes. When input costs vary unpredictably, companies struggle to establish stable pricing or accurately predict procurement expenditures. This financial unpredictability compels manufacturers to proceed cautiously, frequently postponing investments in facility expansion or new material development.

As a result, this volatility compresses profit margins and limits the capacity of suppliers to manage market shocks without transferring costs to original equipment manufacturers. Data from the Association of Natural Rubber Producing Countries reveals that in 2024, global natural rubber consumption hit 15.8 million tons, whereas production only reached about 14.5 million tons. This supply-demand gap highlights the resource constraints that intensify price instability. Such disparities restrict the ability of elastomer producers to scale their operations efficiently and satisfy the consistent volume demands required for continued market advancement.

Market Trends

The increasing use of renewable and bio-based elastomer materials is transforming the supply chain as companies aim to meet circular economy objectives and reduce reliance on petrochemicals. Distinct from lightweighting initiatives, this trend emphasizes raw material sourcing, promoting the inclusion of sustainable inputs like recycled polymers, rice husk silica, and dandelion-derived rubber in sealing and tire formulations. This transition is moving beyond the experimental phase to mass operation, driven by consumer demand for green mobility and strict environmental standards. The magnitude of this shift is reflected in supplier data; Continental AG's June 2025 press release noted that renewable and recycled materials accounted for an average of 26% of their tire production in 2024.

At the same time, the industry is seeing a rapid shift from traditional thermoset rubber to Thermoplastic Elastomers (TPEs), motivated by the desire for recyclability and improved processing efficiency. Unlike thermosets, which need time-intensive vulcanization, TPEs support overmolding and rapid injection molding, thereby cutting energy use and manufacturing cycle times. Additionally, TPE waste can be remelted and repurposed, providing a significant benefit in minimizing industrial waste and meeting end-of-life component regulations. The commercial impact of this trend is significant; Celanese Corporation reported in February 2025 that its Engineered Materials segment, housing its automotive elastomer business, achieved net sales of $5.6 billion in 2024.

Key Market Players

  • The Dow Chemical Company
  • LANXESS AG
  • DuPont de Nemours, Inc.
  • ExxonMobil Corporation
  • BASF SE
  • Saudi Basic Industries Corporation
  • Huntsman International LLC
  • Continental AG
  • INEOS AG
  • Solvay SA

Report Scope

In this report, the Global Automotive Elastomers Market has been segmented into the following categories, in addition to the industry trends which have also been detailed below:

Automotive Elastomers Market, By Vehicle Type

  • Passenger Cars
  • Commercial Vehicles

Automotive Elastomers Market, By Type

  • Thermoset
  • Thermoplastic

Automotive Elastomers Market, By Application Type

  • Tire
  • Interior
  • Exterior
  • Under the Hood

Automotive Elastomers Market, By Region

  • North America
    • United States
    • Canada
    • Mexico
  • Europe
    • France
    • United Kingdom
    • Italy
    • Germany
    • Spain
  • Asia Pacific
    • China
    • India
    • Japan
    • Australia
    • South Korea
  • South America
    • Brazil
    • Argentina
    • Colombia
  • Middle East & Africa
    • South Africa
    • Saudi Arabia
    • UAE

Competitive Landscape

Company Profiles: Detailed analysis of the major companies present in the Global Automotive Elastomers Market.

Available Customizations:

Global Automotive Elastomers Market report with the given market data, TechSci Research offers customizations according to a company's specific needs. The following customization options are available for the report:

Company Information

  • Detailed analysis and profiling of additional market players (up to five).

Table of Contents

1. Product Overview

  • 1.1. Market Definition
  • 1.2. Scope of the Market
    • 1.2.1. Markets Covered
    • 1.2.2. Years Considered for Study
    • 1.2.3. Key Market Segmentations

2. Research Methodology

  • 2.1. Objective of the Study
  • 2.2. Baseline Methodology
  • 2.3. Key Industry Partners
  • 2.4. Major Association and Secondary Sources
  • 2.5. Forecasting Methodology
  • 2.6. Data Triangulation & Validation
  • 2.7. Assumptions and Limitations

3. Executive Summary

  • 3.1. Overview of the Market
  • 3.2. Overview of Key Market Segmentations
  • 3.3. Overview of Key Market Players
  • 3.4. Overview of Key Regions/Countries
  • 3.5. Overview of Market Drivers, Challenges, Trends

4. Voice of Customer

5. Global Automotive Elastomers Market Outlook

  • 5.1. Market Size & Forecast
    • 5.1.1. By Value
  • 5.2. Market Share & Forecast
    • 5.2.1. By Vehicle Type (Passenger Cars, Commercial Vehicles)
    • 5.2.2. By Type (Thermoset, Thermoplastic)
    • 5.2.3. By Application Type (Tire, Interior, Exterior, Under the Hood)
    • 5.2.4. By Region
    • 5.2.5. By Company (2025)
  • 5.3. Market Map

6. North America Automotive Elastomers Market Outlook

  • 6.1. Market Size & Forecast
    • 6.1.1. By Value
  • 6.2. Market Share & Forecast
    • 6.2.1. By Vehicle Type
    • 6.2.2. By Type
    • 6.2.3. By Application Type
    • 6.2.4. By Country
  • 6.3. North America: Country Analysis
    • 6.3.1. United States Automotive Elastomers Market Outlook
      • 6.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 6.3.1.1.1. By Value
      • 6.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 6.3.1.2.1. By Vehicle Type
        • 6.3.1.2.2. By Type
        • 6.3.1.2.3. By Application Type
    • 6.3.2. Canada Automotive Elastomers Market Outlook
      • 6.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 6.3.2.1.1. By Value
      • 6.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 6.3.2.2.1. By Vehicle Type
        • 6.3.2.2.2. By Type
        • 6.3.2.2.3. By Application Type
    • 6.3.3. Mexico Automotive Elastomers Market Outlook
      • 6.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 6.3.3.1.1. By Value
      • 6.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 6.3.3.2.1. By Vehicle Type
        • 6.3.3.2.2. By Type
        • 6.3.3.2.3. By Application Type

7. Europe Automotive Elastomers Market Outlook

  • 7.1. Market Size & Forecast
    • 7.1.1. By Value
  • 7.2. Market Share & Forecast
    • 7.2.1. By Vehicle Type
    • 7.2.2. By Type
    • 7.2.3. By Application Type
    • 7.2.4. By Country
  • 7.3. Europe: Country Analysis
    • 7.3.1. Germany Automotive Elastomers Market Outlook
      • 7.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 7.3.1.1.1. By Value
      • 7.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 7.3.1.2.1. By Vehicle Type
        • 7.3.1.2.2. By Type
        • 7.3.1.2.3. By Application Type
    • 7.3.2. France Automotive Elastomers Market Outlook
      • 7.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 7.3.2.1.1. By Value
      • 7.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 7.3.2.2.1. By Vehicle Type
        • 7.3.2.2.2. By Type
        • 7.3.2.2.3. By Application Type
    • 7.3.3. United Kingdom Automotive Elastomers Market Outlook
      • 7.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 7.3.3.1.1. By Value
      • 7.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 7.3.3.2.1. By Vehicle Type
        • 7.3.3.2.2. By Type
        • 7.3.3.2.3. By Application Type
    • 7.3.4. Italy Automotive Elastomers Market Outlook
      • 7.3.4.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 7.3.4.1.1. By Value
      • 7.3.4.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 7.3.4.2.1. By Vehicle Type
        • 7.3.4.2.2. By Type
        • 7.3.4.2.3. By Application Type
    • 7.3.5. Spain Automotive Elastomers Market Outlook
      • 7.3.5.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 7.3.5.1.1. By Value
      • 7.3.5.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 7.3.5.2.1. By Vehicle Type
        • 7.3.5.2.2. By Type
        • 7.3.5.2.3. By Application Type

8. Asia Pacific Automotive Elastomers Market Outlook

  • 8.1. Market Size & Forecast
    • 8.1.1. By Value
  • 8.2. Market Share & Forecast
    • 8.2.1. By Vehicle Type
    • 8.2.2. By Type
    • 8.2.3. By Application Type
    • 8.2.4. By Country
  • 8.3. Asia Pacific: Country Analysis
    • 8.3.1. China Automotive Elastomers Market Outlook
      • 8.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 8.3.1.1.1. By Value
      • 8.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 8.3.1.2.1. By Vehicle Type
        • 8.3.1.2.2. By Type
        • 8.3.1.2.3. By Application Type
    • 8.3.2. India Automotive Elastomers Market Outlook
      • 8.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 8.3.2.1.1. By Value
      • 8.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 8.3.2.2.1. By Vehicle Type
        • 8.3.2.2.2. By Type
        • 8.3.2.2.3. By Application Type
    • 8.3.3. Japan Automotive Elastomers Market Outlook
      • 8.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 8.3.3.1.1. By Value
      • 8.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 8.3.3.2.1. By Vehicle Type
        • 8.3.3.2.2. By Type
        • 8.3.3.2.3. By Application Type
    • 8.3.4. South Korea Automotive Elastomers Market Outlook
      • 8.3.4.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 8.3.4.1.1. By Value
      • 8.3.4.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 8.3.4.2.1. By Vehicle Type
        • 8.3.4.2.2. By Type
        • 8.3.4.2.3. By Application Type
    • 8.3.5. Australia Automotive Elastomers Market Outlook
      • 8.3.5.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 8.3.5.1.1. By Value
      • 8.3.5.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 8.3.5.2.1. By Vehicle Type
        • 8.3.5.2.2. By Type
        • 8.3.5.2.3. By Application Type

9. Middle East & Africa Automotive Elastomers Market Outlook

  • 9.1. Market Size & Forecast
    • 9.1.1. By Value
  • 9.2. Market Share & Forecast
    • 9.2.1. By Vehicle Type
    • 9.2.2. By Type
    • 9.2.3. By Application Type
    • 9.2.4. By Country
  • 9.3. Middle East & Africa: Country Analysis
    • 9.3.1. Saudi Arabia Automotive Elastomers Market Outlook
      • 9.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 9.3.1.1.1. By Value
      • 9.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 9.3.1.2.1. By Vehicle Type
        • 9.3.1.2.2. By Type
        • 9.3.1.2.3. By Application Type
    • 9.3.2. UAE Automotive Elastomers Market Outlook
      • 9.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 9.3.2.1.1. By Value
      • 9.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 9.3.2.2.1. By Vehicle Type
        • 9.3.2.2.2. By Type
        • 9.3.2.2.3. By Application Type
    • 9.3.3. South Africa Automotive Elastomers Market Outlook
      • 9.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 9.3.3.1.1. By Value
      • 9.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 9.3.3.2.1. By Vehicle Type
        • 9.3.3.2.2. By Type
        • 9.3.3.2.3. By Application Type

10. South America Automotive Elastomers Market Outlook

  • 10.1. Market Size & Forecast
    • 10.1.1. By Value
  • 10.2. Market Share & Forecast
    • 10.2.1. By Vehicle Type
    • 10.2.2. By Type
    • 10.2.3. By Application Type
    • 10.2.4. By Country
  • 10.3. South America: Country Analysis
    • 10.3.1. Brazil Automotive Elastomers Market Outlook
      • 10.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 10.3.1.1.1. By Value
      • 10.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 10.3.1.2.1. By Vehicle Type
        • 10.3.1.2.2. By Type
        • 10.3.1.2.3. By Application Type
    • 10.3.2. Colombia Automotive Elastomers Market Outlook
      • 10.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 10.3.2.1.1. By Value
      • 10.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 10.3.2.2.1. By Vehicle Type
        • 10.3.2.2.2. By Type
        • 10.3.2.2.3. By Application Type
    • 10.3.3. Argentina Automotive Elastomers Market Outlook
      • 10.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 10.3.3.1.1. By Value
      • 10.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 10.3.3.2.1. By Vehicle Type
        • 10.3.3.2.2. By Type
        • 10.3.3.2.3. By Application Type

11. Market Dynamics

  • 11.1. Drivers
  • 11.2. Challenges

12. Market Trends & Developments

  • 12.1. Merger & Acquisition (If Any)
  • 12.2. Product Launches (If Any)
  • 12.3. Recent Developments

13. Global Automotive Elastomers Market: SWOT Analysis

14. Porter's Five Forces Analysis

  • 14.1. Competition in the Industry
  • 14.2. Potential of New Entrants
  • 14.3. Power of Suppliers
  • 14.4. Power of Customers
  • 14.5. Threat of Substitute Products

15. Competitive Landscape

  • 15.1. The Dow Chemical Company
    • 15.1.1. Business Overview
    • 15.1.2. Products & Services
    • 15.1.3. Recent Developments
    • 15.1.4. Key Personnel
    • 15.1.5. SWOT Analysis
  • 15.2. LANXESS AG
  • 15.3. DuPont de Nemours, Inc.
  • 15.4. ExxonMobil Corporation
  • 15.5. BASF SE
  • 15.6. Saudi Basic Industries Corporation
  • 15.7. Huntsman International LLC
  • 15.8. Continental AG
  • 15.9. INEOS AG
  • 15.10. Solvay SA

16. Strategic Recommendations

17. About Us & Disclaimer