查看購物車
  • English
  • Japanese
  • Korean
封面
市場調查報告書
商品編碼
1965869

安防系統市場－全球產業規模、佔有率、趨勢、機會、預測：按產品、部署方式、最終用戶、地區和競爭對手分類，2021-2031年

Security Systems Market - Global Industry Size, Share, Trends, Opportunity, and Forecast, By Product, By Deployment, By End-User, By Region & Competition, 2021-2031F
出版日期: | 出版商: TechSci Research | 英文 181 Pages | 商品交期: 2-3個工作天內

價格

We offer 8 hour analyst time for an additional research. Please contact us for the details.

簡介目錄

全球安防系統市場預計將從 2025 年的 622.1 億美元成長到 2031 年的 1,045.1 億美元，複合年成長率為 9.03%。

該市場涵蓋一系列全面的硬體和軟體解決方案，包括視訊監控、門禁控制和入侵偵測，旨在保護實體和數位資產免受未授權存取和威脅。推動這一成長的關鍵因素包括全球快速的都市化、日益成長的關鍵基礎設施保護需求，以及政府為商業和公共設施制定的更嚴格的安全標準。根據美國安防行業協會 (SIA) 預測，到 2025 年，84% 的安防行業高管將把商業環境評為“良好”或“非常好”，這表明該行業信心十足，市場需求持續旺盛。

市場概覽
預測期 2027-2031
市場規模：2025年 622.1億美元
市場規模：2031年 1045.1億美元
複合年成長率：2026-2031年 9.03%
成長最快的細分市場 軟體
最大的市場 北美洲

然而，由於安裝和維護整合安全基礎設施需要大量資本投入，市場面臨許多障礙。維修舊有系統所涉及的技術複雜性往往會加劇這一成本障礙，從而可能限制中小企業的採用率，並延緩預算有限的發展中地區的部署。因此，這些財務和技術挑戰阻礙了市場全面擴張的潛力。

市場促進因素

人工智慧 (AI) 與先進影像分析技術的融合正在從根本上重塑全球安防系統市場，將被動監控轉變為主動威脅情報。各組織機構正擴大利用深度學習演算法來實現異常檢測自動化並減少誤報，從而顯著提高營運效率並加速傳統基礎設施的升級。根據 Genetec 於 2024 年 12 月發布的《2025 年實體安全狀況報告》，37% 的終端用戶計劃在 2025 年部署 AI 功能，上年度顯著成長，凸顯了市場對智慧自動化的快速需求。這項技術變革也受到供應方措施的進一步推動。美國安防產業協會 (SIA) 於 2024 年 12 月發布的《2025 年安防大趨勢報告》顯示，91% 的安防解決方案開發商已將其研發投資全部或大量集中於 AI，顯示整個產業正向演算法能力轉型。

同時，在物聯網賦能的互聯生態系統蓬勃發展的推動下，智慧家庭自動化和住宅安防的市場應用正快速成長。消費者對整合入侵偵測、影像監控和行動遠端存取等功能的統一平台的需求日益成長，這使得市場規模擴大，涵蓋了超越傳統專業監控服務的靈活的、基於應用程式的解決方案。這一成長動能也體現在財務表現上。根據Alarm.com於2025年11月發布的2025年第三季財報，受智慧互聯房地產解決方案持續成長的推動，其SaaS和授權收入年增10.1%，達到1.754億美元。

市場挑戰

安裝和維護整合安全基礎設施所需的大量資本支出是限制全球安全系統市場成長的主要障礙。對於發展中地區的中小型企業和組織而言，這種財務障礙尤其嚴重，因為預算限制迫使它們推遲關鍵的安全升級。這些巨額初始投資不僅涵蓋高解析度攝影機和生物識別掃描器等昂貴的硬體組件，還包括軟體授權和系統維護等持續成本。

此外，將舊有系統維修為現代數位介面所涉及的複雜技術加劇了這些成本，需要專業人員和更長的實施週期。如此高的營運成本直接限制了目標市場規模，因為那些對價格敏感、無法證明全面安全套件投資回報合理的買家將被排除在外。根據美國安防產業協會的數據，2024年春季安防市場指數跌至54，反映出在普遍的經濟壓力和通貨膨脹影響採購預算的情況下，產業日益謹慎。這種高成本環境因此減緩了先進安全解決方案的普及，導致某些細分市場尚未開發。

市場趨勢

向基於雲端的監控和存取控制服務的轉變正在分散資料管理，並使企業能夠建立靈活的混合架構，從而最佳化營運效率。這項轉變實現了跨分散式位置的集中管理，同時減少了傳統網路錄影機所需的硬體面積。透過利用視訊監控即服務 (VSaaS)，企業可以實現可擴展的儲存和遠端訪問，從而支援即時敏捷性，而無需承擔傳統伺服器的高昂前期成本。根據 Genetec 於 2024 年 12 月發布的《2025 年實體安全狀況報告》，43% 的最終用戶表示，混合部署是他們未來五年首選的基礎設施策略，強調了本地可靠性和雲端柔軟性之間的平衡。

同時，行動認證和非接觸式生物識別的普及正在變革門禁管治，以智慧型手機上的加密數位身分取代易受攻擊的實體徽章。這一趨勢利用近距離場通訊 (NFC) 和藍牙通訊協定，實現無縫訪問，並透過即時授予和撤銷存取權限來降低安全風險。這種現代化將安全通訊協定與消費級技術的便利性相結合，從而促進了員工的廣泛接受。根據 HID Global 於 2025 年 2 月發布的《2025 年安全與身分狀況報告》，61% 的安全領導者認為行動認證的普及是關鍵的行業趨勢，約三分之二的組織正在積極實施或計劃實施這些解決方案。

目錄

第1章概述

第2章：調查方法

第3章執行摘要

第4章：客戶心聲

第5章：全球安防系統市場展望

  • 市場規模及預測
    • 按金額
  • 市佔率及預測
    • 依產品（硬體、軟體）分類
    • 部署類型（本地部署、雲端部署）
    • 依最終用戶（商業、零售、工業、銀行/金融、運輸、航太/國防）分類
    • 按地區
    • 按公司（2025 年）
  • 市場地圖

第6章：北美安防系統市場展望

  • 市場規模及預測
  • 市佔率及預測
  • 北美洲：國別分析
    • 美國
    • 加拿大
    • 墨西哥

第7章：歐洲安防系統市場展望

  • 市場規模及預測
  • 市佔率及預測
  • 歐洲：國別分析
    • 德國
    • 法國
    • 英國
    • 義大利
    • 西班牙

第8章：亞太地區安防系統市場展望

  • 市場規模及預測
  • 市佔率及預測
  • 亞太地區：國別分析
    • 中國
    • 印度
    • 日本
    • 韓國
    • 澳洲

第9章：中東和非洲安防系統市場展望

  • 市場規模及預測
  • 市佔率及預測
  • 中東與非洲：國別分析
    • 沙烏地阿拉伯
    • 阿拉伯聯合大公國
    • 南非

第10章：南美洲安防系統市場展望

  • 市場規模及預測
  • 市佔率及預測
  • 南美洲：國別分析
    • 巴西
    • 哥倫比亞
    • 阿根廷

第11章 市場動態

  • 促進因素
  • 任務

第12章 市場趨勢與發展

  • 併購
  • 產品發布
  • 近期趨勢

第13章：全球安防系統市場：SWOT分析

第14章：波特五力分析

  • 產業競爭
  • 新進入者的潛力
  • 供應商的議價能力
  • 顧客權力
  • 替代品的威脅

第15章 競爭格局

  • Honeywell International Inc.
  • Johnson Controls International plc
  • Bosch Sicherheitssysteme GmbH
  • Cisco Systems, Inc.
  • ADT Inc.
  • Hangzhou Hikvision Digital Technology Co., Ltd.
  • Siemens AG
  • Checkpoint Systems Inc.
  • Schneider Electric SE
  • Nortek Security & Control LLC

第16章 策略建議

第17章：關於研究公司及免責聲明

簡介目錄
Product Code: 22815

The Global Security Systems Market is projected to expand from USD 62.21 Billion in 2025 to USD 104.51 Billion by 2031, registering a CAGR of 9.03%. This market encompasses a comprehensive array of hardware and software solutions, such as video surveillance, access control, and intrusion detection, which are designed to protect physical and digital assets against unauthorized access and threats. Primary drivers fueling this growth include rapid global urbanization, the escalating need for critical infrastructure protection, and strict government regulations that mandate enhanced safety standards across commercial and public facilities. According to the Security Industry Association, 84% of security industry executives described business conditions as good or excellent in 2025, indicating strong sector confidence and sustained demand.

Market Overview
Forecast Period2027-2031
Market Size 2025USD 62.21 Billion
Market Size 2031USD 104.51 Billion
CAGR 2026-20319.03%
Fastest Growing SegmentSoftware
Largest MarketNorth America

However, the market faces a significant obstacle due to the high capital expenditure necessary for the installation and maintenance of integrated security infrastructures. This cost barrier is often worsened by the technical complexity involved in retrofitting legacy systems, which can limit adoption rates among small and medium-sized enterprises and delay implementation in developing regions with constrained budgets. Consequently, these financial and technical challenges impede the market's potential for universal expansion.

Market Driver

The integration of Artificial Intelligence and Advanced Video Analytics is fundamentally reshaping the Global Security Systems Market by transforming passive surveillance into proactive threat intelligence. Organizations are increasingly utilizing deep learning algorithms to automate anomaly detection and reduce false alarms, thereby significantly enhancing operational efficiency and catalyzing the upgrade of legacy infrastructure. According to Genetec's '2025 State of Physical Security Report' from December 2024, 37% of end users planned to implement AI-powered features in 2025, a distinct increase from the previous year that underscores the rapid demand for intelligent automation. This technological shift is further supported by supply-side commitment; the Security Industry Association's '2025 Security Megatrends' report from December 2024 notes that 91% of security solutions developers have focused their R&D investments fully or heavily on AI, highlighting an industry-wide move toward algorithmic capabilities.

Simultaneously, the market is witnessing a robust surge in the adoption of smart home automation and residential security, driven by the proliferation of IoT-enabled connected ecosystems. Consumers increasingly require unified platforms that integrate intrusion detection with video monitoring and remote access via mobile interfaces, expanding the addressable market beyond traditional professional monitoring to include flexible, app-based solutions. This momentum is reflected in financial performance; according to Alarm.com's 'Q3 2025 Earnings Report' from November 2025, SaaS and license revenue increased by 10.1% to $175.4 million compared to the prior year, driven by the continued growth of intelligently connected property solutions.

Market Challenge

The substantial capital expenditure required for the installation and maintenance of integrated security infrastructures constitutes a primary obstacle impeding the growth of the Global Security Systems Market. This financial barrier is particularly detrimental to small and medium-sized enterprises and entities in developing regions, where budgetary constraints often necessitate the postponement of critical security upgrades. The significant upfront investment covers not only expensive hardware components like high-resolution cameras and biometric scanners but also the recurring costs associated with software licensing and system upkeep.

Furthermore, the detailed technical complexity involved in retrofitting legacy systems with modern digital interfaces exacerbates these costs by requiring specialized labor and extended implementation timelines. Such high operational expenses directly limit the addressable market size by excluding price-sensitive buyers who cannot justify the return on investment for comprehensive security suites. According to the Security Industry Association, the Security Market Index declined to a reading of 54 in the spring of 2024, reflecting growing industry caution amidst broader economic pressures and inflation that influence procurement budgets. This cost-intensive environment consequently slows the universal adoption of advanced security solutions, leaving distinct market segments under-penetrated.

Market Trends

The transition to cloud-based surveillance and access control services is decentralizing data management, leading organizations toward flexible hybrid architectures that optimize operational efficiency. This shift facilitates centralized command across dispersed locations while reducing the hardware footprint associated with legacy network video recorders. By leveraging Video Surveillance as a Service (VSaaS), enterprises gain scalable storage and remote accessibility that supports real-time agility without the heavy upfront costs of traditional servers. According to Genetec's '2025 State of Physical Security Report' from December 2024, 43% of end users identified hybrid deployments as their preferred infrastructure strategy for the next five years, prioritizing the ability to balance local reliability with cloud-enabled flexibility.

Simultaneously, the adoption of mobile credentials and contactless biometric authentication is transforming access governance by replacing vulnerable physical badges with encrypted digital identities on smartphones. This trend capitalizes on Near Field Communication (NFC) and Bluetooth protocols to enable frictionless entry, ensuring access rights can be provisioned or revoked instantly to mitigate security risks. This modernization aligns security protocols with the convenience of consumer technology, driving widespread acceptance among workforce populations. According to HID Global's '2025 State of Security and Identity Report' from February 2025, 61% of security leaders identified the proliferation of mobile credentials as a primary industry trend, with nearly two-thirds of organizations actively deploying or planning to implement these solutions.

Key Market Players

  • Honeywell International Inc.
  • Johnson Controls International plc
  • Bosch Sicherheitssysteme GmbH
  • Cisco Systems, Inc.
  • ADT Inc.
  • Hangzhou Hikvision Digital Technology Co., Ltd.
  • Siemens AG
  • Checkpoint Systems Inc.
  • Schneider Electric SE
  • Nortek Security & Control LLC

Report Scope

In this report, the Global Security Systems Market has been segmented into the following categories, in addition to the industry trends which have also been detailed below:

Security Systems Market, By Product

  • Hardware
  • Software

Security Systems Market, By Deployment

  • On-premise
  • Cloud

Security Systems Market, By End-User

  • Commercial
  • Retail
  • Industrial
  • Banking & Finance
  • Transportation
  • Aerospace & Defense

Security Systems Market, By Region

  • North America
    • United States
    • Canada
    • Mexico
  • Europe
    • France
    • United Kingdom
    • Italy
    • Germany
    • Spain
  • Asia Pacific
    • China
    • India
    • Japan
    • Australia
    • South Korea
  • South America
    • Brazil
    • Argentina
    • Colombia
  • Middle East & Africa
    • South Africa
    • Saudi Arabia
    • UAE

Competitive Landscape

Company Profiles: Detailed analysis of the major companies present in the Global Security Systems Market.

Available Customizations:

Global Security Systems Market report with the given market data, TechSci Research offers customizations according to a company's specific needs. The following customization options are available for the report:

Company Information

  • Detailed analysis and profiling of additional market players (up to five).

Table of Contents

1. Product Overview

  • 1.1. Market Definition
  • 1.2. Scope of the Market
    • 1.2.1. Markets Covered
    • 1.2.2. Years Considered for Study
    • 1.2.3. Key Market Segmentations

2. Research Methodology

  • 2.1. Objective of the Study
  • 2.2. Baseline Methodology
  • 2.3. Key Industry Partners
  • 2.4. Major Association and Secondary Sources
  • 2.5. Forecasting Methodology
  • 2.6. Data Triangulation & Validation
  • 2.7. Assumptions and Limitations

3. Executive Summary

  • 3.1. Overview of the Market
  • 3.2. Overview of Key Market Segmentations
  • 3.3. Overview of Key Market Players
  • 3.4. Overview of Key Regions/Countries
  • 3.5. Overview of Market Drivers, Challenges, Trends

4. Voice of Customer

5. Global Security Systems Market Outlook

  • 5.1. Market Size & Forecast
    • 5.1.1. By Value
  • 5.2. Market Share & Forecast
    • 5.2.1. By Product (Hardware, Software)
    • 5.2.2. By Deployment (On-premise, Cloud)
    • 5.2.3. By End-User (Commercial, Retail, Industrial, Banking & Finance, Transportation, Aerospace & Defense)
    • 5.2.4. By Region
    • 5.2.5. By Company (2025)
  • 5.3. Market Map

6. North America Security Systems Market Outlook

  • 6.1. Market Size & Forecast
    • 6.1.1. By Value
  • 6.2. Market Share & Forecast
    • 6.2.1. By Product
    • 6.2.2. By Deployment
    • 6.2.3. By End-User
    • 6.2.4. By Country
  • 6.3. North America: Country Analysis
    • 6.3.1. United States Security Systems Market Outlook
      • 6.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 6.3.1.1.1. By Value
      • 6.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 6.3.1.2.1. By Product
        • 6.3.1.2.2. By Deployment
        • 6.3.1.2.3. By End-User
    • 6.3.2. Canada Security Systems Market Outlook
      • 6.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 6.3.2.1.1. By Value
      • 6.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 6.3.2.2.1. By Product
        • 6.3.2.2.2. By Deployment
        • 6.3.2.2.3. By End-User
    • 6.3.3. Mexico Security Systems Market Outlook
      • 6.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 6.3.3.1.1. By Value
      • 6.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 6.3.3.2.1. By Product
        • 6.3.3.2.2. By Deployment
        • 6.3.3.2.3. By End-User

7. Europe Security Systems Market Outlook

  • 7.1. Market Size & Forecast
    • 7.1.1. By Value
  • 7.2. Market Share & Forecast
    • 7.2.1. By Product
    • 7.2.2. By Deployment
    • 7.2.3. By End-User
    • 7.2.4. By Country
  • 7.3. Europe: Country Analysis
    • 7.3.1. Germany Security Systems Market Outlook
      • 7.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 7.3.1.1.1. By Value
      • 7.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 7.3.1.2.1. By Product
        • 7.3.1.2.2. By Deployment
        • 7.3.1.2.3. By End-User
    • 7.3.2. France Security Systems Market Outlook
      • 7.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 7.3.2.1.1. By Value
      • 7.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 7.3.2.2.1. By Product
        • 7.3.2.2.2. By Deployment
        • 7.3.2.2.3. By End-User
    • 7.3.3. United Kingdom Security Systems Market Outlook
      • 7.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 7.3.3.1.1. By Value
      • 7.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 7.3.3.2.1. By Product
        • 7.3.3.2.2. By Deployment
        • 7.3.3.2.3. By End-User
    • 7.3.4. Italy Security Systems Market Outlook
      • 7.3.4.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 7.3.4.1.1. By Value
      • 7.3.4.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 7.3.4.2.1. By Product
        • 7.3.4.2.2. By Deployment
        • 7.3.4.2.3. By End-User
    • 7.3.5. Spain Security Systems Market Outlook
      • 7.3.5.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 7.3.5.1.1. By Value
      • 7.3.5.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 7.3.5.2.1. By Product
        • 7.3.5.2.2. By Deployment
        • 7.3.5.2.3. By End-User

8. Asia Pacific Security Systems Market Outlook

  • 8.1. Market Size & Forecast
    • 8.1.1. By Value
  • 8.2. Market Share & Forecast
    • 8.2.1. By Product
    • 8.2.2. By Deployment
    • 8.2.3. By End-User
    • 8.2.4. By Country
  • 8.3. Asia Pacific: Country Analysis
    • 8.3.1. China Security Systems Market Outlook
      • 8.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 8.3.1.1.1. By Value
      • 8.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 8.3.1.2.1. By Product
        • 8.3.1.2.2. By Deployment
        • 8.3.1.2.3. By End-User
    • 8.3.2. India Security Systems Market Outlook
      • 8.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 8.3.2.1.1. By Value
      • 8.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 8.3.2.2.1. By Product
        • 8.3.2.2.2. By Deployment
        • 8.3.2.2.3. By End-User
    • 8.3.3. Japan Security Systems Market Outlook
      • 8.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 8.3.3.1.1. By Value
      • 8.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 8.3.3.2.1. By Product
        • 8.3.3.2.2. By Deployment
        • 8.3.3.2.3. By End-User
    • 8.3.4. South Korea Security Systems Market Outlook
      • 8.3.4.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 8.3.4.1.1. By Value
      • 8.3.4.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 8.3.4.2.1. By Product
        • 8.3.4.2.2. By Deployment
        • 8.3.4.2.3. By End-User
    • 8.3.5. Australia Security Systems Market Outlook
      • 8.3.5.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 8.3.5.1.1. By Value
      • 8.3.5.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 8.3.5.2.1. By Product
        • 8.3.5.2.2. By Deployment
        • 8.3.5.2.3. By End-User

9. Middle East & Africa Security Systems Market Outlook

  • 9.1. Market Size & Forecast
    • 9.1.1. By Value
  • 9.2. Market Share & Forecast
    • 9.2.1. By Product
    • 9.2.2. By Deployment
    • 9.2.3. By End-User
    • 9.2.4. By Country
  • 9.3. Middle East & Africa: Country Analysis
    • 9.3.1. Saudi Arabia Security Systems Market Outlook
      • 9.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 9.3.1.1.1. By Value
      • 9.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 9.3.1.2.1. By Product
        • 9.3.1.2.2. By Deployment
        • 9.3.1.2.3. By End-User
    • 9.3.2. UAE Security Systems Market Outlook
      • 9.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 9.3.2.1.1. By Value
      • 9.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 9.3.2.2.1. By Product
        • 9.3.2.2.2. By Deployment
        • 9.3.2.2.3. By End-User
    • 9.3.3. South Africa Security Systems Market Outlook
      • 9.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 9.3.3.1.1. By Value
      • 9.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 9.3.3.2.1. By Product
        • 9.3.3.2.2. By Deployment
        • 9.3.3.2.3. By End-User

10. South America Security Systems Market Outlook

  • 10.1. Market Size & Forecast
    • 10.1.1. By Value
  • 10.2. Market Share & Forecast
    • 10.2.1. By Product
    • 10.2.2. By Deployment
    • 10.2.3. By End-User
    • 10.2.4. By Country
  • 10.3. South America: Country Analysis
    • 10.3.1. Brazil Security Systems Market Outlook
      • 10.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 10.3.1.1.1. By Value
      • 10.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 10.3.1.2.1. By Product
        • 10.3.1.2.2. By Deployment
        • 10.3.1.2.3. By End-User
    • 10.3.2. Colombia Security Systems Market Outlook
      • 10.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 10.3.2.1.1. By Value
      • 10.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 10.3.2.2.1. By Product
        • 10.3.2.2.2. By Deployment
        • 10.3.2.2.3. By End-User
    • 10.3.3. Argentina Security Systems Market Outlook
      • 10.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 10.3.3.1.1. By Value
      • 10.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 10.3.3.2.1. By Product
        • 10.3.3.2.2. By Deployment
        • 10.3.3.2.3. By End-User

11. Market Dynamics

  • 11.1. Drivers
  • 11.2. Challenges

12. Market Trends & Developments

  • 12.1. Merger & Acquisition (If Any)
  • 12.2. Product Launches (If Any)
  • 12.3. Recent Developments

13. Global Security Systems Market: SWOT Analysis

14. Porter's Five Forces Analysis

  • 14.1. Competition in the Industry
  • 14.2. Potential of New Entrants
  • 14.3. Power of Suppliers
  • 14.4. Power of Customers
  • 14.5. Threat of Substitute Products

15. Competitive Landscape

  • 15.1. Honeywell International Inc.
    • 15.1.1. Business Overview
    • 15.1.2. Products & Services
    • 15.1.3. Recent Developments
    • 15.1.4. Key Personnel
    • 15.1.5. SWOT Analysis
  • 15.2. Johnson Controls International plc
  • 15.3. Bosch Sicherheitssysteme GmbH
  • 15.4. Cisco Systems, Inc.
  • 15.5. ADT Inc.
  • 15.6. Hangzhou Hikvision Digital Technology Co., Ltd.
  • 15.7. Siemens AG
  • 15.8. Checkpoint Systems Inc.
  • 15.9. Schneider Electric SE
  • 15.10. Nortek Security & Control LLC

16. Strategic Recommendations

17. About Us & Disclaimer