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市場調查報告書
商品編碼
1943279

光伏漿料市場-全球產業規模、佔有率、趨勢、機會及預測(依產品、應用、最終用戶、地區及競爭格局分類,2021-2031年)

Solar Cell Paste Market - Global Industry Size, Share, Trends, Opportunity, and Forecast, Segmented By Product, By Application, By End User, By Region & Competition, 2021-2031F

出版日期: | 出版商: TechSci Research | 英文 180 Pages | 商品交期: 2-3個工作天內

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簡介目錄

全球光伏漿料市場預計將從 2025 年的 32.1 億美元成長到 2031 年的 79.9 億美元,複合年成長率達到 16.41%。

光伏漿料是一種導電金屬化材料,通常由銀或鋁製成,用於將電觸點網印到光伏(PV)電池上,確保高效的電力收集。該市場的成長主要受全球太陽能基礎設施快速部署以及製造流程向高效n型電池結構轉變的驅動,後者相比傳統技術需要更大的漿料用量。根據白銀協會的數據,預計到2024年,太陽能光電產業對白銀的需求將達到2.32億盎司,凸顯了該產業對這些關鍵材料的依賴性日益增強。

市場概覽
預測期 2027-2031
市場規模:2025年 32.1億美元
市場規模:2031年 79.9億美元
複合年成長率:2026-2031年 16.41%
成長最快的細分市場 工業的
最大的市場 亞太地區

市場成長的主要障礙是銀價高企且波動劇烈,銀在非矽生產成本中佔很大比例。這種財務壓力迫使電池製造商積極採取材料減量措施(即所謂的「節約措施」),以保護其利潤率。因此,該產業正面臨嚴峻的挑戰,即使太陽能光電總裝置量持續成長,降低每瓦銀用量的需求也可能限制整體漿料需求的成長。

市場促進因素

全球太陽能光伏(PV)裝置容量的快速成長是光伏漿料市場的主要驅動力,也為製造商所需的金屬化材料奠定了基準用量。隨著各國加速能源轉型以實現脫碳目標,對光學模組的需求不斷成長,進而帶動了對導電漿料(電力收集的關鍵材料)需求的相應成長。這種直接關係意味著市場趨勢與全球大規模分散式太陽能發電的部署速度密切相關。根據國際能源總署(IEA)於2024年1月發布的《2023年再生能源報告》,2023年全球可再生能源新增裝置容量將成長50%,達到約510吉瓦,其中太陽能光電發電將佔四分之三。這代表著漿料供應商潛在市場規模的顯著擴大。

同時,向高效n型電池結構(尤其是隧道氧化層鈍化結(TOPCon)技術)的轉型正在對市場價值和消費趨勢產生顯著影響。與傳統的p型技術相比,這些先進的設計本身需要更多的銀膠才能實現更高的轉換效率,即使在價格波動的情況下也能推動需求成長。根據銀業協會於2024年4月發布的《2024年世界銀業調查報告》,n型TOPCon電池每片大約需要130毫克銀,遠超標準PERC電池的用量。儘管成本控制仍在持續進行,但這種向材料密集型架構的轉變仍在支撐著產量成長。正如中國光伏產業協會2024年報告所強調的那樣,中國太陽能電池產量在去年達到545吉瓦,就體現了這種規模的成長。

市場挑戰

銀的高昂成本和持續的價格波動是全球太陽能漿料市場擴張的主要障礙。由於銀在非矽生產成本中佔很大比例,價格上漲會立即給太陽能電池製造商帶來財務壓力。這種經濟負擔迫使製造商優先考慮成本控制措施,並積極實施材料減量策略(節省成本),以在競爭激烈的環境中保護其利潤率。

這些減量措施直接阻礙了漿料消耗量的潛在成長。儘管太陽能電池板的組裝機量正在增加,但為了抵消原料成本,每瓦所需的漿料量正在系統性地減少。這一趨勢限制了依賴銷售量成長的漿料供應商的獲利能力。白銀協會預測,到2024年,全球白銀市場將出現2.153億盎司的結構性缺口,這將造成供應緊張,從而推高銀價,並進一步加速行業減少漿料用量的進程。

市場趨勢

採用與雷射增強接觸最佳化(LECO)技術相容的漿料是提升N型TOPCon電池性能的關鍵技術進步。與標準燒結方法不同,LECO技術採用特殊的金屬化後雷射處理,可顯著降低接觸電阻,使製造商能夠在不損壞精細發射極結構的前提下提高開路電壓和填充因子。此製程需要先進的漿料配方,能夠在輕摻雜表面上形成牢固的電接觸,同時承受高強度雷射照射。根據太陽新聞2024年12月發布的報告《Solamet金屬化解決方案提升太陽能電池效率》,業界廣泛採用這種與LECO相容的非選擇性發射極漿料解決方案是N型TOPCon電池製造效率超過26%的關鍵因素。

同時,為因應銀價波動,鍍銀銅混合漿料的商業化進程正在加速。供應商正積極改進金屬化材料的配方,使其包含銅芯和其他替代基底金屬,尤其是在異質結(HJT)電池應用中,低溫固化製程使得混合成分的製備無需擔心氧化風險。這項轉變正從探索階段邁向大規模生產,並從根本上改變產業的材料結構。根據Metal.com網站2025年9月發表的題為《銀膠消耗量下降,光伏銀消耗成長或將放緩》的報導,主要粉末生產商已確認開始大規模生產銀含量僅為10%的鍍銀銅粉,以滿足HJT領域日益成長的材料需求。

目錄

第1章概述

第2章調查方法

第3章執行摘要

第4章:客戶評價

第5章 全球太陽能電池漿料市場展望

  • 市場規模及預測
    • 按金額
  • 市佔率及預測
    • 依產品(表面銀膠、背部銀膠、鋁漿)
    • 依應用領域(單晶太陽能電池、多結晶矽太陽能電池)
    • 按最終用戶(工業、商業、其他)分類
    • 按地區
    • 按公司(2025 年)
  • 市場地圖

第6章 北美太陽能電池漿料市場展望

  • 市場規模及預測
  • 市佔率及預測
  • 北美洲:國家分析
    • 美國
    • 加拿大
    • 墨西哥

第7章 歐洲光伏漿料市場展望

  • 市場規模及預測
  • 市佔率及預測
  • 歐洲:國家分析
    • 德國
    • 法國
    • 英國
    • 義大利
    • 西班牙

第8章:亞太地區太陽能漿料市場展望

  • 市場規模及預測
  • 市佔率及預測
  • 亞太地區:國家分析
    • 中國
    • 印度
    • 日本
    • 韓國
    • 澳洲

第9章:中東和非洲光伏漿料市場展望

  • 市場規模及預測
  • 市佔率及預測
  • 中東和非洲:國家分析
    • 沙烏地阿拉伯
    • 阿拉伯聯合大公國
    • 南非

第10章:南美洲光伏漿料市場展望

  • 市場規模及預測
  • 市佔率及預測
  • 南美洲:國家分析
    • 巴西
    • 哥倫比亞
    • 阿根廷

第11章 市場動態

  • 促進要素
  • 任務

第12章 市場趨勢與發展

  • 併購
  • 產品發布
  • 最新進展

第13章 全球光伏漿料市場:SWOT分析

第14章:波特五力分析

  • 產業競爭
  • 新進入者的可能性
  • 供應商電力
  • 顧客權力
  • 替代品的威脅

第15章 競爭格局

  • DuPont de Nemours, Inc
  • Heraeus Holding GmbH
  • Johnson Matthey plc
  • Shanghai Aiko Solar Energy Co., Ltd.
  • Soleras Advanced Materials LLC
  • Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd.
  • TDK Corporation
  • Toyo Aluminium KK
  • ANP Co. Ltd
  • Samsung Sdi Co. Ltd

第16章 策略建議

第17章:關於研究公司及免責聲明

簡介目錄
Product Code: 19133

The Global Solar Cell Paste Market is projected to expand from USD 3.21 Billion in 2025 to USD 7.99 Billion by 2031, achieving a CAGR of 16.41%. Solar cell paste acts as a conductive metallization material, generally made from silver or aluminum, used for screen-printing electrical contacts onto photovoltaic (PV) cells to ensure efficient electricity collection. Growth in this market is chiefly driven by the rapid worldwide rollout of solar infrastructure and a manufacturing shift towards high-efficiency n-type cell architectures, which necessitate higher paste volumes compared to older technologies. Data from the Silver Institute indicates that in 2024, silver demand from the photovoltaic sector was expected to hit 232 million ounces, highlighting the industry's deepening dependence on these essential materials.

Market Overview
Forecast Period2027-2031
Market Size 2025USD 3.21 Billion
Market Size 2031USD 7.99 Billion
CAGR 2026-203116.41%
Fastest Growing SegmentIndustrial
Largest MarketAsia Pacific

A major obstacle hindering market growth is the high cost and volatility of silver prices, which account for a large share of non-silicon production expenses. These financial strains force cell manufacturers to adopt aggressive material reduction tactics, known as thrifting, to safeguard their profit margins. Consequently, the industry operates in a challenging environment where the imperative to reduce silver usage per watt could limit overall paste volume growth, even as the total number of solar capacity installations continues to rise.

Market Driver

The rapid increase in global solar photovoltaic capacity installations serves as the primary catalyst for the solar cell paste market, establishing the baseline volume of metallization materials needed by manufacturers. As countries accelerate their energy transitions to achieve decarbonization targets, the demand for solar modules has escalated, requiring proportional increases in the conductive pastes essential for electrical collection. This direct relationship links the market's trajectory closely to the pace of utility-scale and distributed solar deployment globally. The International Energy Agency's 'Renewables 2023' report from January 2024 noted that global renewable capacity additions surged by 50 percent to nearly 510 gigawatts in 2023, with solar PV making up three-quarters of this growth, signaling a vast expansion in the addressable market for paste suppliers.

Simultaneously, the technological shift towards high-efficiency n-type cell architectures, particularly Tunnel Oxide Passivated Contact (TOPCon), significantly impacts market value and consumption trends. These advanced designs inherently require greater silver paste loadings to attain superior conversion efficiencies compared to legacy p-type technologies, amplifying demand even amidst unit cost fluctuations. The Silver Institute's 'World Silver Survey 2024', released in April 2024, states that n-type TOPCon cells need roughly 130 milligrams of silver per cell, significantly exceeding the amounts used in standard PERC cells. This move towards material-intensive architectures supports volume growth despite continuous thrifting initiatives, a scale emphasized by the China Photovoltaic Industry Association's 2024 report, which noted that solar cell output in China reached 545 gigawatts in the previous year.

Market Challenge

The substantial cost and persistent price volatility of silver create a major barrier to the expansion of the global solar cell paste market. Because silver represents a dominant portion of non-silicon production expenses, upward price fluctuations cause immediate financial stress for photovoltaic cell manufacturers. This economic burden compels producers to prioritize cost-control measures, forcing them to implement aggressive material reduction strategies, known as thrifting, to protect their margins within a competitive landscape.

These reduction efforts directly counteract the potential growth of paste consumption volumes. Although the total number of solar panel installations is rising, the quantity of paste used per watt is being systematically reduced to counterbalance raw material costs. This trend constrains the revenue potential for paste suppliers who depend on volume expansion. The Silver Institute projected a structural deficit of 215.3 million ounces for the global silver market in 2024, creating supply constraints that maintain high prices and further accelerate the industry's drive to minimize paste usage.

Market Trends

The adoption of pastes compatible with Laser Enhanced Contact Optimization (LECO) has become a vital technological advancement for maximizing N-type TOPCon cell performance. Unlike standard firing methods, LECO technology employs a specialized post-metallization laser treatment that significantly reduces contact resistivity, enabling manufacturers to boost open-circuit voltage and fill factors without harming the delicate emitter structure. This process demands advanced paste formulations capable of withstanding high-intensity laser activation while forming strong electrical contacts on lightly doped surfaces. A December 2024 report by TaiyangNews, 'Metallization Solutions From Solamet To Improve Solar Cell Efficiency', noted that N-type TOPCon cell manufacturing efficiency surpassed 26%, largely due to the industry-wide implementation of these LECO-enabled non-selective emitter paste solutions.

Concurrently, the market is seeing faster commercialization of silver-coated copper hybrid pastes as a strategic response to volatile silver costs. Suppliers are actively reformulating metallization materials to include copper cores or alternative base metals, especially for Heterojunction (HJT) cell applications where low-temperature curing permits such hybrid compositions without oxidation risks. This transition is moving from research to mass manufacturing, fundamentally altering the sector's material composition. According to a September 2025 Metal.com article, 'Silver Paste Consumption Declines, Growth in Silver Consumption for PV May Slow Down', major powder producers confirmed the start of mass production for silver-coated copper powders containing just 10% silver to meet the rising material requirements of the HJT sector.

Key Market Players

  • DuPont de Nemours, Inc
  • Heraeus Holding GmbH
  • Johnson Matthey plc
  • Shanghai Aiko Solar Energy Co., Ltd.
  • Soleras Advanced Materials LLC
  • Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd.
  • TDK Corporation
  • Toyo Aluminium K.K.
  • ANP Co. Ltd
  • Samsung Sdi Co. Ltd

Report Scope

In this report, the Global Solar Cell Paste Market has been segmented into the following categories, in addition to the industry trends which have also been detailed below:

Solar Cell Paste Market, By Product

  • Front Side Silver Paste
  • Rear Side Silver Paste
  • Aluminium Paste

Solar Cell Paste Market, By Application

  • Monocrystalline
  • Polycrystalline Solar Cell

Solar Cell Paste Market, By End User

  • Industrial
  • Commercial
  • Other

Solar Cell Paste Market, By Region

  • North America
    • United States
    • Canada
    • Mexico
  • Europe
    • France
    • United Kingdom
    • Italy
    • Germany
    • Spain
  • Asia Pacific
    • China
    • India
    • Japan
    • Australia
    • South Korea
  • South America
    • Brazil
    • Argentina
    • Colombia
  • Middle East & Africa
    • South Africa
    • Saudi Arabia
    • UAE

Competitive Landscape

Company Profiles: Detailed analysis of the major companies present in the Global Solar Cell Paste Market.

Available Customizations:

Global Solar Cell Paste Market report with the given market data, TechSci Research offers customizations according to a company's specific needs. The following customization options are available for the report:

Company Information

  • Detailed analysis and profiling of additional market players (up to five).

Table of Contents

1. Product Overview

  • 1.1. Market Definition
  • 1.2. Scope of the Market
    • 1.2.1. Markets Covered
    • 1.2.2. Years Considered for Study
    • 1.2.3. Key Market Segmentations

2. Research Methodology

  • 2.1. Objective of the Study
  • 2.2. Baseline Methodology
  • 2.3. Key Industry Partners
  • 2.4. Major Association and Secondary Sources
  • 2.5. Forecasting Methodology
  • 2.6. Data Triangulation & Validation
  • 2.7. Assumptions and Limitations

3. Executive Summary

  • 3.1. Overview of the Market
  • 3.2. Overview of Key Market Segmentations
  • 3.3. Overview of Key Market Players
  • 3.4. Overview of Key Regions/Countries
  • 3.5. Overview of Market Drivers, Challenges, Trends

4. Voice of Customer

5. Global Solar Cell Paste Market Outlook

  • 5.1. Market Size & Forecast
    • 5.1.1. By Value
  • 5.2. Market Share & Forecast
    • 5.2.1. By Product (Front Side Silver Paste, Rear Side Silver Paste, Aluminium Paste)
    • 5.2.2. By Application (Monocrystalline, Polycrystalline Solar Cell)
    • 5.2.3. By End User (Industrial, Commercial, Other)
    • 5.2.4. By Region
    • 5.2.5. By Company (2025)
  • 5.3. Market Map

6. North America Solar Cell Paste Market Outlook

  • 6.1. Market Size & Forecast
    • 6.1.1. By Value
  • 6.2. Market Share & Forecast
    • 6.2.1. By Product
    • 6.2.2. By Application
    • 6.2.3. By End User
    • 6.2.4. By Country
  • 6.3. North America: Country Analysis
    • 6.3.1. United States Solar Cell Paste Market Outlook
      • 6.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 6.3.1.1.1. By Value
      • 6.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 6.3.1.2.1. By Product
        • 6.3.1.2.2. By Application
        • 6.3.1.2.3. By End User
    • 6.3.2. Canada Solar Cell Paste Market Outlook
      • 6.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 6.3.2.1.1. By Value
      • 6.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 6.3.2.2.1. By Product
        • 6.3.2.2.2. By Application
        • 6.3.2.2.3. By End User
    • 6.3.3. Mexico Solar Cell Paste Market Outlook
      • 6.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 6.3.3.1.1. By Value
      • 6.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 6.3.3.2.1. By Product
        • 6.3.3.2.2. By Application
        • 6.3.3.2.3. By End User

7. Europe Solar Cell Paste Market Outlook

  • 7.1. Market Size & Forecast
    • 7.1.1. By Value
  • 7.2. Market Share & Forecast
    • 7.2.1. By Product
    • 7.2.2. By Application
    • 7.2.3. By End User
    • 7.2.4. By Country
  • 7.3. Europe: Country Analysis
    • 7.3.1. Germany Solar Cell Paste Market Outlook
      • 7.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 7.3.1.1.1. By Value
      • 7.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 7.3.1.2.1. By Product
        • 7.3.1.2.2. By Application
        • 7.3.1.2.3. By End User
    • 7.3.2. France Solar Cell Paste Market Outlook
      • 7.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 7.3.2.1.1. By Value
      • 7.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 7.3.2.2.1. By Product
        • 7.3.2.2.2. By Application
        • 7.3.2.2.3. By End User
    • 7.3.3. United Kingdom Solar Cell Paste Market Outlook
      • 7.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 7.3.3.1.1. By Value
      • 7.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 7.3.3.2.1. By Product
        • 7.3.3.2.2. By Application
        • 7.3.3.2.3. By End User
    • 7.3.4. Italy Solar Cell Paste Market Outlook
      • 7.3.4.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 7.3.4.1.1. By Value
      • 7.3.4.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 7.3.4.2.1. By Product
        • 7.3.4.2.2. By Application
        • 7.3.4.2.3. By End User
    • 7.3.5. Spain Solar Cell Paste Market Outlook
      • 7.3.5.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 7.3.5.1.1. By Value
      • 7.3.5.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 7.3.5.2.1. By Product
        • 7.3.5.2.2. By Application
        • 7.3.5.2.3. By End User

8. Asia Pacific Solar Cell Paste Market Outlook

  • 8.1. Market Size & Forecast
    • 8.1.1. By Value
  • 8.2. Market Share & Forecast
    • 8.2.1. By Product
    • 8.2.2. By Application
    • 8.2.3. By End User
    • 8.2.4. By Country
  • 8.3. Asia Pacific: Country Analysis
    • 8.3.1. China Solar Cell Paste Market Outlook
      • 8.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 8.3.1.1.1. By Value
      • 8.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 8.3.1.2.1. By Product
        • 8.3.1.2.2. By Application
        • 8.3.1.2.3. By End User
    • 8.3.2. India Solar Cell Paste Market Outlook
      • 8.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 8.3.2.1.1. By Value
      • 8.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 8.3.2.2.1. By Product
        • 8.3.2.2.2. By Application
        • 8.3.2.2.3. By End User
    • 8.3.3. Japan Solar Cell Paste Market Outlook
      • 8.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 8.3.3.1.1. By Value
      • 8.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 8.3.3.2.1. By Product
        • 8.3.3.2.2. By Application
        • 8.3.3.2.3. By End User
    • 8.3.4. South Korea Solar Cell Paste Market Outlook
      • 8.3.4.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 8.3.4.1.1. By Value
      • 8.3.4.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 8.3.4.2.1. By Product
        • 8.3.4.2.2. By Application
        • 8.3.4.2.3. By End User
    • 8.3.5. Australia Solar Cell Paste Market Outlook
      • 8.3.5.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 8.3.5.1.1. By Value
      • 8.3.5.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 8.3.5.2.1. By Product
        • 8.3.5.2.2. By Application
        • 8.3.5.2.3. By End User

9. Middle East & Africa Solar Cell Paste Market Outlook

  • 9.1. Market Size & Forecast
    • 9.1.1. By Value
  • 9.2. Market Share & Forecast
    • 9.2.1. By Product
    • 9.2.2. By Application
    • 9.2.3. By End User
    • 9.2.4. By Country
  • 9.3. Middle East & Africa: Country Analysis
    • 9.3.1. Saudi Arabia Solar Cell Paste Market Outlook
      • 9.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 9.3.1.1.1. By Value
      • 9.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 9.3.1.2.1. By Product
        • 9.3.1.2.2. By Application
        • 9.3.1.2.3. By End User
    • 9.3.2. UAE Solar Cell Paste Market Outlook
      • 9.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 9.3.2.1.1. By Value
      • 9.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 9.3.2.2.1. By Product
        • 9.3.2.2.2. By Application
        • 9.3.2.2.3. By End User
    • 9.3.3. South Africa Solar Cell Paste Market Outlook
      • 9.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 9.3.3.1.1. By Value
      • 9.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 9.3.3.2.1. By Product
        • 9.3.3.2.2. By Application
        • 9.3.3.2.3. By End User

10. South America Solar Cell Paste Market Outlook

  • 10.1. Market Size & Forecast
    • 10.1.1. By Value
  • 10.2. Market Share & Forecast
    • 10.2.1. By Product
    • 10.2.2. By Application
    • 10.2.3. By End User
    • 10.2.4. By Country
  • 10.3. South America: Country Analysis
    • 10.3.1. Brazil Solar Cell Paste Market Outlook
      • 10.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 10.3.1.1.1. By Value
      • 10.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 10.3.1.2.1. By Product
        • 10.3.1.2.2. By Application
        • 10.3.1.2.3. By End User
    • 10.3.2. Colombia Solar Cell Paste Market Outlook
      • 10.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 10.3.2.1.1. By Value
      • 10.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 10.3.2.2.1. By Product
        • 10.3.2.2.2. By Application
        • 10.3.2.2.3. By End User
    • 10.3.3. Argentina Solar Cell Paste Market Outlook
      • 10.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
        • 10.3.3.1.1. By Value
      • 10.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
        • 10.3.3.2.1. By Product
        • 10.3.3.2.2. By Application
        • 10.3.3.2.3. By End User

11. Market Dynamics

  • 11.1. Drivers
  • 11.2. Challenges

12. Market Trends & Developments

  • 12.1. Merger & Acquisition (If Any)
  • 12.2. Product Launches (If Any)
  • 12.3. Recent Developments

13. Global Solar Cell Paste Market: SWOT Analysis

14. Porter's Five Forces Analysis

  • 14.1. Competition in the Industry
  • 14.2. Potential of New Entrants
  • 14.3. Power of Suppliers
  • 14.4. Power of Customers
  • 14.5. Threat of Substitute Products

15. Competitive Landscape

  • 15.1. DuPont de Nemours, Inc
    • 15.1.1. Business Overview
    • 15.1.2. Products & Services
    • 15.1.3. Recent Developments
    • 15.1.4. Key Personnel
    • 15.1.5. SWOT Analysis
  • 15.2. Heraeus Holding GmbH
  • 15.3. Johnson Matthey plc
  • 15.4. Shanghai Aiko Solar Energy Co., Ltd.
  • 15.5. Soleras Advanced Materials LLC
  • 15.6. Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd.
  • 15.7. TDK Corporation
  • 15.8. Toyo Aluminium K.K.
  • 15.9. ANP Co. Ltd
  • 15.10. Samsung Sdi Co. Ltd

16. Strategic Recommendations

17. About Us & Disclaimer