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市場調查報告書
商品編碼
1938360
巴士和長途客車市場 - 全球產業規模、佔有率、趨勢、機會和預測(按車輛類型、運輸類型、燃料類型、長度、座位容量、地區和競爭格局分類),2021-2031年Bus and Coach Market - Global Industry Size, Share, Trends, Opportunity, and Forecast, Segmented By Vehicle Type, By Transportation Type, By Fuel Type, By Length, By Seating Capacity, By Region & Competition, 2021-2031F |
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全球巴士和長途客車市場預計將從 2025 年的 914.4 億美元成長到 2031 年的 1,458.3 億美元,複合年成長率為 8.09%。
該市場涉及公共交通、城際旅行和包車服務用重型商用車的設計、製造和分銷。該行業的主要驅動力是快速的都市化,這需要一個高效的公共交通系統,以及政府為滿足環保標準而對車輛進行現代化改造的嚴格法規。這些根本性的促進因素與乘客舒適度和美觀設計等暫時性趨勢截然不同,它們共同構成了一個清晰的、長期的需求基礎。
| 市場概覽 | |
|---|---|
| 預測期 | 2027-2031 |
| 市場規模:2025年 | 914.4億美元 |
| 市場規模:2031年 | 1458.3億美元 |
| 複合年成長率:2026-2031年 | 8.09% |
| 成長最快的細分市場 | 電動巴士 |
| 最大的市場 | 亞太地區 |
然而,向零排放動力系統轉型以及必要的充電基礎設施建設需要大量資本投資,這對整體市場成長構成了重大挑戰。歐洲汽車製造商協會(ACEA)報告稱,2024年歐盟新公車銷量將成長9.2%,達到35,579輛。儘管區域市場表現強勁,但電氣化帶來的高昂前期成本仍然是價格敏感型市場營運商的一大障礙,並可能減緩全球車隊更新換代的速度。
隨著世界各國政府制定積極的脫碳目標,嚴格的車輛排放氣體法規的實施正在從根本上重塑全球巴士和長途客車市場。諸如設立低排放氣體區和強制推廣零排放車輛等政策措施,正迫使製造商從內燃機轉向電動和氫動力動力傳動系統。這種監管壓力實際上正在改變主要經濟體的車隊結構,迫使營運商提前淘汰老舊的柴油車輛。例如,歐洲汽車製造商協會(ACEA)在2025年10月發布的報告顯示,儘管貨車和卡車的新註冊量正在下降,但2025年前三個季度公共汽車的註冊量將成長3.6%,其中可充電電動巴士將佔總量的22.7%。這種監管需求超過了可能延緩資本密集型車輛更換的周期性經濟衰退的影響,並確保了對綠色技術的持續投資。
同時,無論動力傳動系統類型如何,快速的都市化和日益成長的公共交通需求都成為市場擴張的關鍵驅動力。大都會圈人口的成長迫使交通部門擴大運力並對其網路進行現代化改造以緩解堵塞,從而導致高容量公車的採購量增加。疫情後的復甦數據也印證了大眾出行的復甦。根據美國公共交通協會 (APTA) 2025 年 9 月發布的《2025 年概況》,2024 年的客運量將達到 76.6 億人次,顯示強勁的復甦勢頭需要擴大車隊規模。因此,主要汽車製造商 (OEM) 的訂單保持穩定。根據《卡車與巴士製造商》雜誌 2025 年 5 月的報告顯示,戴姆勒客車在 2024 年表現強勁,售出 26,646 輛巴士,比上年成長 2%。
向零排放動力系統轉型以及必要的充電基礎設施建設需要大量資本投入,這嚴重限制了全球巴士和長途客車市場的擴張。營運商面臨雙重財務負擔:他們既要承擔電動和氫燃料電池汽車的高昂前期成本,又要為複雜的電網升級和充電站資金籌措。這種財務壓力對於預算有限的私人營運商和公共機構而言尤其嚴峻,迫使他們推遲車隊更新計畫或縮減採購規模。因此,高成本成為市場永續成長的一大障礙。
這種經濟負擔導致車輛註冊量明顯波動,阻礙了產業的復甦。由於營運商難以應對這些資金需求,市場表現持續波動。例如,歐洲汽車製造商協會(ACEA)報告稱,到2025年,歐盟新公車註冊量將年減4.4%。這一萎縮期凸顯了市場需求的脆弱性,市場需求嚴重依賴高成本的技術轉型,同時也顯示電氣化面臨的資金障礙正直接阻礙著產業的持續成長。
在提升營運安全性和解決長期存在的駕駛人的推動下,自動駕駛和高級駕駛輔助系統 (ADAS) 的應用正從受控的試驗計畫逐步過渡到實際的公共道路應用。製造商正積極將 L4 級自動駕駛功能整合到交通運輸平台中,使其能夠在複雜的城市環境和混合交通中無需持續的人工干預即可行駛。這項技術進步使車隊營運商能夠最佳化勞動力配置、降低事故相關成本,並推動該技術更快實現商業性規模應用。例如,在 2025 年 5 月的歐洲巴士世界展 (Busworld Europe) 上,Karsan 的 e-ATAK 自動駕駛巴士成為首輛在漢諾威獲得 L4 級自動駕駛測試核准,可用於公共交通的自動駕駛巴士,這標誌著歐洲市場監管領域的一項重要進展。
同時,氫燃料電池技術的整合正日益成為電池電動解決方案的重要補充,尤其是在城際和高階客車領域,這些領域都面臨著里程焦慮和運作時間過長等關鍵限制。與需要長時間充電的電池驅動車型不同,氫燃料電池汽車能夠像傳統柴油汽車一樣持續運行,這使其成為需要快速維護的長途線路的理想選擇。這項變更正在推動研發工作,以最大限度地提高動力傳動系統在長途行駛中的效率。根據《永續巴士》雜誌2025年4月報道,Wrightbus宣布投資2,500萬英鎊用於研發,其中500萬英鎊將用於開發單次加氫續航里程可達1,000公里的氫燃料巴士。這直接滿足了長途運營商的永續發展需求。
The Global Bus and Coach Market is projected to expand from USD 91.44 Billion in 2025 to USD 145.83 Billion by 2031, registering a CAGR of 8.09%. This market involves the engineering, manufacturing, and distribution of high-capacity commercial vehicles intended for public transit, intercity travel, and private charter services. The sector is largely driven by rapid urbanization, which demands efficient mass transportation systems, and by strict government mandates compelling the modernization of fleets to satisfy environmental standards. These foundational drivers create a distinct, long-term basis for demand that differs significantly from temporary trends in passenger comfort or aesthetic design.
| Market Overview | |
|---|---|
| Forecast Period | 2027-2031 |
| Market Size 2025 | USD 91.44 Billion |
| Market Size 2031 | USD 145.83 Billion |
| CAGR 2026-2031 | 8.09% |
| Fastest Growing Segment | Electric Bus |
| Largest Market | Asia Pacific |
However, the substantial capital investment needed to transition to zero-emission powertrains and build the necessary charging infrastructure poses a significant challenge to broader market growth. As reported by the European Automobile Manufacturers' Association, new EU bus sales increased by 9.2% in 2024 compared to the previous year, totaling 35,579 units. Despite this positive regional performance, the high upfront costs associated with electrification continue to be a barrier for operators in price-sensitive markets, potentially decelerating the global pace of fleet renewal.
Market Driver
The enforcement of stringent vehicle emission regulations is fundamentally reshaping the Global Bus and Coach Market as governments worldwide impose aggressive decarbonization goals. Policy measures such as low-emission zones and mandates for acquiring zero-emission fleets are pushing manufacturers to shift from internal combustion engines to electric and hydrogen powertrains. This regulatory pressure is driving actual changes in fleet composition across key economic regions, forcing operators to retire aging diesel vehicles early. For example, the European Automobile Manufacturers' Association reported in October 2025 that while van and truck registrations declined, bus registrations rose by 3.6% in the first three quarters of 2025, with electrically-chargeable buses capturing a 22.7% share. This compliance-driven demand ensures continued investment in green technologies, overriding cyclical economic downturns that might otherwise delay capital-intensive fleet updates.
Simultaneously, rapid urbanization and the growing demand for public transportation act as primary catalysts for market volume growth, regardless of the powertrain type. As metropolitan populations rise, transit authorities face increasing pressure to expand capacity and modernize networks to reduce congestion, leading to higher procurement rates for high-capacity buses. This resurgence in mass mobility is clear in post-pandemic recovery data; the American Public Transportation Association's September 2025 fact book noted that ridership hit 7.66 billion trips in 2024, signaling a robust recovery necessitating fleet expansion. Consequently, major OEMs are seeing stable order books, as evidenced by Daimler Buses recording a strong sales result of 26,646 buses in 2024, a 2% increase over the previous year, according to a May 2025 report by Truck & Bus Builder.
Market Challenge
The significant capital investment required to transition to zero-emission powertrains and establish the necessary charging infrastructure is a critical factor hindering the wider expansion of the global bus and coach market. Operators face a dual financial burden, as they must cover the high upfront costs of electric or hydrogen vehicles while also funding complex grid upgrades and charging stations. This financial pressure is particularly severe for private carriers and public agencies with limited budgets, often compelling them to postpone fleet renewal programs or reduce procurement plans. As a result, the high cost of complying with environmental mandates effectively acts as a brake on consistent market volume growth.
This economic strain has led to observable volatility in vehicle registrations, disrupting the sector's recovery momentum. Market performance has fluctuated as operators struggle to manage these capital demands. For instance, the European Automobile Manufacturers' Association reported in 2025 that new EU bus registrations fell by 4.4% in the first half of the year compared to the same period in 2024. Such periods of contraction underscore the fragility of market demand when it is heavily reliant on expensive technological shifts, demonstrating how the financial barriers of electrification directly impede the industry's ability to sustain steady growth.
Market Trends
The deployment of Autonomous and Advanced Driver-Assistance Systems is progressing from controlled pilot programs to viable public road integration, driven by the need to improve operational safety and address chronic driver shortages. Manufacturers are aggressively incorporating Level 4 automation capabilities into transit platforms, allowing vehicles to navigate complex urban environments and mixed traffic without constant human intervention. This technological advancement enables fleet operators to optimize labor allocation and lower accident-related costs, bringing the technology closer to commercial scalability. For example, according to Busworld Europe in May 2025, the Karsan Autonomous e-ATAK became the first autonomous bus to receive Level-4 testing approval for public transport use in Hannover, marking a significant regulatory breakthrough for the European market.
At the same time, the integration of Hydrogen Fuel Cell Technology is gaining momentum as a crucial complement to battery-electric solutions, particularly for intercity and high-end coach segments where range anxiety and refueling downtime are major constraints. Unlike battery-dependent models that require long charging sessions, hydrogen fuel cell vehicles offer operational continuity similar to legacy diesel fleets, making them essential for long-haul routes that need rapid turnaround times. This shift is fueling targeted research and development to maximize powertrain efficiency for extended travel. As reported by Sustainable Bus in April 2025, Wrightbus announced a £25 million R&D investment, committing £5 million specifically to develop a hydrogen-powered coach capable of traveling up to 1,000 km on a single refuel, directly addressing the endurance needs of long-distance operators.
Report Scope
In this report, the Global Bus and Coach Market has been segmented into the following categories, in addition to the industry trends which have also been detailed below:
Company Profiles: Detailed analysis of the major companies present in the Global Bus and Coach Market.
Global Bus and Coach Market report with the given market data, TechSci Research offers customizations according to a company's specific needs. The following customization options are available for the report: