乏燃料和核廢料管理市場－全球產業規模、佔有率、趨勢、機會和預測（按類型、應用、地區和競爭細分，2020-2030 年）

2024年，全球乏燃料和核廢料管理市場規模為51億美元，預計2030年將達59億美元，複合年成長率為2.2%。全球乏燃料和核廢料管理市場的主要驅動力在於各國尋求電力產業脫碳，因而對核能的需求不斷成長。核能發電量的增加導致放射性廢棄物量不斷增加，亟需有效的管理方案。國際原子能總署（IAEA）和各國政府等機構制定的嚴格監管框架，正促使營運商投資先進、合規的廢棄物處理和儲存技術。玻璃化固化、乾式儲存桶和深地質處置庫等技術進步正在增強核電廠的安全性和長期永續性。

此外，小型模組化反應器 (SMR) 和後處理技術的發展有助於減少廢物量，同時提高能源回收率。環境問題和公眾監督也日益加劇，促使當局採取透明、社會可接受的廢棄物管理措施。芬蘭和法國等國家在永久性處置方案方面處於領先地位，這鼓勵了全球對基礎設施的更廣泛投資。此外，臨時儲存設施中高放射性廢棄物的累積也迫切需要永久性解決方案。在共享設施和知識交流方面的國際合作也被視為降低成本和提高安全性的日益重要的機會。這些因素共同推動市場的發展，使核廢料管理成為永續核能發展的關鍵支柱。

關鍵市場促進因素

核能發電量成長與乏燃料累積

主要市場挑戰

基礎建設成本高昂，長期處置方案難以解決

主要市場趨勢

日益重視深層地質處置庫的永久處置

目錄

第 1 章：產品概述

第2章：研究方法

第3章：執行摘要

第4章：顧客之聲

第5章：全球乏燃料與核廢料管理市場展望

• 市場規模和預測
  • 按價值
• 市場佔有率和預測
  • 依類型（低放射性廢棄物、中放射性廢棄物、高放射性廢棄物）
  • 按應用（核燃料循環、研究、醫療和工業來源、軍事和國防計劃、其他）
  • 按地區（北美、歐洲、南美、中東和非洲、亞太地區）
• 按公司分類（2024）
• 市場地圖

第6章：北美乏燃料與核廢料管理市場展望

• 市場規模和預測
• 市場佔有率和預測
• 北美：國家分析
  • 美國
  • 加拿大
  • 墨西哥

第7章：歐洲乏燃料與核廢料管理市場展望

• 市場規模和預測
• 市場佔有率和預測
• 歐洲：國家分析
  • 德國
  • 法國
  • 英國
  • 義大利
  • 西班牙

第8章：亞太地區乏燃料與核廢料管理市場展望

• 市場規模和預測
• 市場佔有率和預測
• 亞太地區：國家分析
  • 中國
  • 印度
  • 日本
  • 韓國
  • 澳洲

第9章：中東和非洲乏燃料和核廢料管理市場展望

• 市場規模和預測
• 市場佔有率和預測
• 中東和非洲：國家分析
  • 沙烏地阿拉伯
  • 阿拉伯聯合大公國
  • 南非

第10章：南美洲乏燃料與核廢料管理市場展望

• 市場規模和預測
• 市場佔有率和預測
• 南美洲：國家分析
  • 巴西
  • 哥倫比亞
  • 阿根廷

第 11 章：市場動態

• 驅動程式
• 挑戰

第 12 章：市場趨勢與發展

• 合併與收購（如有）
• 產品發布（如有）
• 最新動態

第13章：公司簡介

• Orano SA
• Westinghouse Electric Company LLC
• Holtec International
• Veolia Environnement SA
• Bechtel Corporation
• Waste Control Specialists LLC
• Babcock International Group PLC
• Rosatom State Atomic Energy Corporation

第 14 章：策略建議

第15章調查會社について,免責事項

Global Spent Fuel and Nuclear Waste Management Market was valued at USD 5.1 billion in 2024 and is expected to reach USD 5.9 billion by 2030 with a CAGR of 2.2% through 2030. The global spent fuel and nuclear waste management market is primarily driven by the increasing demand for nuclear energy as countries seek to decarbonize their power sectors. This rise in nuclear power generation has led to a growing volume of radioactive waste, necessitating effective management solutions. Stringent regulatory frameworks from bodies like the IAEA and national governments are pushing operators to invest in advanced, compliant waste treatment and storage technologies. Technological advancements-such as vitrification, dry cask storage, and deep geological repositories-are enhancing safety and long-term sustainability.

Additionally, the development of small modular reactors (SMRs) and reprocessing techniques is helping reduce waste volumes while improving energy recovery. Environmental concerns and public scrutiny have also intensified, prompting authorities to adopt transparent, socially acceptable waste management practices. Countries like Finland and France are leading with permanent disposal solutions, which is encouraging broader global investment in infrastructure. Furthermore, the accumulation of high-level waste in temporary storage facilities is driving urgency for permanent solutions. International collaboration for shared facilities and knowledge exchange is also seen as a growing opportunity to reduce costs and improve safety. Together, these factors are propelling the market forward, making nuclear waste management a key pillar of sustainable nuclear energy development.

Key Market Drivers

Rising Nuclear Power Generation and Accumulation of Spent Fuel

One of the most significant drivers of the global spent fuel and nuclear waste management market is the increasing reliance on nuclear energy as a low-carbon alternative to fossil fuels. As countries strive to meet climate goals under international agreements such as the Paris Accord, nuclear power is being embraced for its ability to provide large-scale, stable baseload electricity with minimal greenhouse gas emissions. Consequently, the number of nuclear reactors is growing globally, especially in emerging economies like China, India, and Russia. Developed nations such as the U.S., France, and the UK are also extending the life of existing nuclear plants.

This rise in nuclear power generation directly correlates with the increased production of high-level radioactive waste, particularly spent nuclear fuel. Most existing reactors use once-through fuel cycles, where spent fuel is removed and stored after a single use. As of now, tens of thousands of metric tons of spent fuel are stored in interim facilities worldwide, many of which were not designed for long-term storage. This growing volume of radioactive waste poses serious environmental and safety risks, driving demand for advanced and permanent solutions like deep geological repositories, reprocessing technologies, and enhanced dry cask storage systems.

Furthermore, the backlog of waste from decades of nuclear energy production has created an urgent need for sustainable waste management infrastructure. This pressure is compounded by public opposition to temporary on-site storage and the looming decommissioning of older nuclear facilities. Governments and private stakeholders are therefore investing heavily in research, development, and deployment of long-term disposal solutions, fueling market growth. In summary, the expansion of nuclear energy and the ongoing accumulation of spent fuel are creating both a necessity and an opportunity for innovation and investment in nuclear waste management globally. Global nuclear power capacity is projected to grow by over 30% by 2050, as countries seek low-carbon energy alternatives. As of the mid-2020s, there are over 440 operational nuclear reactors worldwide, with more than 60 reactors under construction. Nuclear energy currently supplies about 10% of the world's electricity, with ambitions to increase that share in several regions. Small Modular Reactors (SMRs) are expected to represent 20% to 25% of new nuclear installations by 2040 due to their flexibility and lower upfront cost. Many countries aim to triple nuclear capacity by 2050 as part of their long-term net-zero strategies.

Key Market Challenges

High Costs of Infrastructure Development and Long-Term Disposal Solutions

A significant challenge facing the global spent fuel and nuclear waste management market is the enormous cost involved in developing safe, long-term disposal infrastructure. Establishing permanent repositories, such as deep geological disposal facilities, involves decades of planning, billions of dollars in investment, and extensive safety testing and approvals. These projects require advanced engineering, long-term monitoring systems, and careful environmental impact assessments, all of which substantially increase total expenditures.

Additionally, interim storage-using methods like dry cask or pool storage-requires constant upgrades and security measures to comply with evolving regulations. Many nuclear facilities were designed with short-term waste handling in mind and now face retrofitting costs to extend storage capabilities. In developing countries or regions with limited budgets, this cost barrier is especially prohibitive, slowing the implementation of advanced solutions.

Moreover, funding such projects often becomes politically contentious. Governments must balance energy security and environmental safety with taxpayer burden and public opinion. Many large-scale projects, such as the proposed Yucca Mountain repository in the U.S., have been stalled or canceled due to political opposition and cost concerns despite heavy investment.

Private companies may also hesitate to invest in such long-term, high-risk ventures without clear policy direction or financial incentives. This lack of financial clarity and long-term commitment from governments and stakeholders hampers market expansion and technology deployment. Furthermore, decommissioning old nuclear plants adds to the cost burden, as handling legacy waste and dismantling contaminated infrastructure requires substantial capital.

Key Market Trends

Increasing Focus on Deep Geological Repositories for Permanent Disposal

A prominent trend in the global spent fuel and nuclear waste management market is the growing focus on deep geological repositories (DGRs) as a long-term, permanent solution for high-level radioactive waste. With interim storage methods such as pools and dry casks nearing capacity, governments and nuclear agencies are increasingly prioritizing the development of underground repositories that can isolate radioactive waste for thousands of years.

Finland is leading the way with the Onkalo deep geological repository, which is expected to be the world's first operational DGR. France's Cigeo project and Sweden's approved plans for their Forsmark site further demonstrate a strong push in Europe toward permanent underground storage. These projects follow strict international safety standards and are engineered to prevent any leakage into the biosphere over extremely long timescales.

This trend is being driven by public demand for safe, long-term solutions and by regulatory mandates requiring the identification and development of permanent disposal methods. In addition to meeting environmental and safety goals, DGRs help resolve political and legal debates around interim storage extensions and community objections to surface-level facilities.

As more countries begin exploring DGR options, there is an increase in cross-border collaboration, research funding, and private-sector involvement. For instance, countries with smaller nuclear programs are considering shared international repositories. Innovations in geological modeling, monitoring systems, and corrosion-resistant canisters are enhancing the feasibility and safety of these repositories.

Key Market Players

• Orano SA
• Westinghouse Electric Company LLC
• Holtec International
• Veolia Environnement S.A.
• Bechtel Corporation
• Waste Control Specialists LLC
• Babcock International Group PLC
• Rosatom State Atomic Energy Corporation

Report Scope:

In this report, the Global Spent Fuel and Nuclear Waste Management Market has been segmented into the following categories, in addition to the industry trends which have also been detailed below:

Spent Fuel and Nuclear Waste Management Market, By Type:

• Low-level Waste
• Intermediate-level Waste
• High-level Waste

Spent Fuel and Nuclear Waste Management Market, By Application:

• Nuclear Fuel Cycle
• Research
• Medical & Industrial Source
• Military & Defense Programs
• Other

Spent Fuel and Nuclear Waste Management Market, By Region:

• North America
  • United States
  • Canada
  • Mexico
• Europe
  • Germany
  • France
  • United Kingdom
  • Italy
  • Spain
• Asia Pacific
  • China
  • India
  • Japan
  • South Korea
  • Australia
• South America
  • Brazil
  • Colombia
  • Argentina
• Middle East & Africa
  • Saudi Arabia
  • UAE
  • South Africa

Competitive Landscape

Company Profiles: Detailed analysis of the major companies present in the Global Spent Fuel and Nuclear Waste Management Market.

Available Customizations:

Global Spent Fuel and Nuclear Waste Management Market report with the given market data, Tech Sci Research offers customizations according to a company's specific needs. The following customization options are available for the report:

Company Information

• Detailed analysis and profiling of additional market players (up to five).

Table of Contents

1. Product Overview

• 1.1. Market Definition
• 1.2. Scope of the Market
  • 1.2.1. Markets Covered
  • 1.2.2. Years Considered for Study
  • 1.2.3. Key Market Segmentations

2. Research Methodology

• 2.1. Objective of the Study
• 2.2. Baseline Methodology
• 2.3. Key Industry Partners
• 2.4. Major Association and Secondary Sources
• 2.5. Forecasting Methodology
• 2.6. Data Triangulation & Validation
• 2.7. Assumptions and Limitations

3. Executive Summary

• 3.1. Overview of the Market
• 3.2. Overview of Key Market Segmentations
• 3.3. Overview of Key Market Players
• 3.4. Overview of Key Regions/Countries
• 3.5. Overview of Market Drivers, Challenges, and Trends

4. Voice of Customer

5. Global Spent Fuel and Nuclear Waste Management Market Outlook

• 5.1. Market Size & Forecast
  • 5.1.1. By Value
• 5.2. Market Share & Forecast
  • 5.2.1. By Type (Low-level Waste, Intermediate-level Waste, High-level Waste)
  • 5.2.2. By Application (Nuclear Fuel Cycle, Research, Medical & Industrial Source, Military & Defense Programs, Other)
  • 5.2.3. By Region (North America, Europe, South America, Middle East & Africa, Asia Pacific)
• 5.3. By Company (2024)
• 5.4. Market Map

6. North America Spent Fuel and Nuclear Waste Management Market Outlook

• 6.1. Market Size & Forecast
  • 6.1.1. By Value
• 6.2. Market Share & Forecast
  • 6.2.1. By Type
  • 6.2.2. By Application
  • 6.2.3. By Country
• 6.3. North America: Country Analysis
  • 6.3.1. United States Spent Fuel and Nuclear Waste Management Market Outlook
    • 6.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 6.3.1.1.1. By Value
    • 6.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 6.3.1.2.1. By Type
      • 6.3.1.2.2. By Application
  • 6.3.2. Canada Spent Fuel and Nuclear Waste Management Market Outlook
    • 6.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 6.3.2.1.1. By Value
    • 6.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 6.3.2.2.1. By Type
      • 6.3.2.2.2. By Application
  • 6.3.3. Mexico Spent Fuel and Nuclear Waste Management Market Outlook
    • 6.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 6.3.3.1.1. By Value
    • 6.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 6.3.3.2.1. By Type
      • 6.3.3.2.2. By Application

7. Europe Spent Fuel and Nuclear Waste Management Market Outlook

• 7.1. Market Size & Forecast
  • 7.1.1. By Value
• 7.2. Market Share & Forecast
  • 7.2.1. By Type
  • 7.2.2. By Application
  • 7.2.3. By Country
• 7.3. Europe: Country Analysis
  • 7.3.1. Germany Spent Fuel and Nuclear Waste Management Market Outlook
    • 7.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 7.3.1.1.1. By Value
    • 7.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 7.3.1.2.1. By Type
      • 7.3.1.2.2. By Application
  • 7.3.2. France Spent Fuel and Nuclear Waste Management Market Outlook
    • 7.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 7.3.2.1.1. By Value
    • 7.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 7.3.2.2.1. By Type
      • 7.3.2.2.2. By Application
  • 7.3.3. United Kingdom Spent Fuel and Nuclear Waste Management Market Outlook
    • 7.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 7.3.3.1.1. By Value
    • 7.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 7.3.3.2.1. By Type
      • 7.3.3.2.2. By Application
  • 7.3.4. Italy Spent Fuel and Nuclear Waste Management Market Outlook
    • 7.3.4.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 7.3.4.1.1. By Value
    • 7.3.4.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 7.3.4.2.1. By Type
      • 7.3.4.2.2. By Application
  • 7.3.5. Spain Spent Fuel and Nuclear Waste Management Market Outlook
    • 7.3.5.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 7.3.5.1.1. By Value
    • 7.3.5.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 7.3.5.2.1. By Type
      • 7.3.5.2.2. By Application

8. Asia Pacific Spent Fuel and Nuclear Waste Management Market Outlook

• 8.1. Market Size & Forecast
  • 8.1.1. By Value
• 8.2. Market Share & Forecast
  • 8.2.1. By Type
  • 8.2.2. By Application
  • 8.2.3. By Country
• 8.3. Asia Pacific: Country Analysis
  • 8.3.1. China Spent Fuel and Nuclear Waste Management Market Outlook
    • 8.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 8.3.1.1.1. By Value
    • 8.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 8.3.1.2.1. By Type
      • 8.3.1.2.2. By Application
  • 8.3.2. India Spent Fuel and Nuclear Waste Management Market Outlook
    • 8.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 8.3.2.1.1. By Value
    • 8.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 8.3.2.2.1. By Type
      • 8.3.2.2.2. By Application
  • 8.3.3. Japan Spent Fuel and Nuclear Waste Management Market Outlook
    • 8.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 8.3.3.1.1. By Value
    • 8.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 8.3.3.2.1. By Type
      • 8.3.3.2.2. By Application
  • 8.3.4. South Korea Spent Fuel and Nuclear Waste Management Market Outlook
    • 8.3.4.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 8.3.4.1.1. By Value
    • 8.3.4.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 8.3.4.2.1. By Type
      • 8.3.4.2.2. By Application
  • 8.3.5. Australia Spent Fuel and Nuclear Waste Management Market Outlook
    • 8.3.5.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 8.3.5.1.1. By Value
    • 8.3.5.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 8.3.5.2.1. By Type
      • 8.3.5.2.2. By Application

9. Middle East & Africa Spent Fuel and Nuclear Waste Management Market Outlook

• 9.1. Market Size & Forecast
  • 9.1.1. By Value
• 9.2. Market Share & Forecast
  • 9.2.1. By Type
  • 9.2.2. By Application
  • 9.2.3. By Country
• 9.3. Middle East & Africa: Country Analysis
  • 9.3.1. Saudi Arabia Spent Fuel and Nuclear Waste Management Market Outlook
    • 9.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 9.3.1.1.1. By Value
    • 9.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 9.3.1.2.1. By Type
      • 9.3.1.2.2. By Application
  • 9.3.2. UAE Spent Fuel and Nuclear Waste Management Market Outlook
    • 9.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 9.3.2.1.1. By Value
    • 9.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 9.3.2.2.1. By Type
      • 9.3.2.2.2. By Application
  • 9.3.3. South Africa Spent Fuel and Nuclear Waste Management Market Outlook
    • 9.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 9.3.3.1.1. By Value
    • 9.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 9.3.3.2.1. By Type
      • 9.3.3.2.2. By Application

10. South America Spent Fuel and Nuclear Waste Management Market Outlook

• 10.1. Market Size & Forecast
  • 10.1.1. By Value
• 10.2. Market Share & Forecast
  • 10.2.1. By Type
  • 10.2.2. By Application
  • 10.2.3. By Country
• 10.3. South America: Country Analysis
  • 10.3.1. Brazil Spent Fuel and Nuclear Waste Management Market Outlook
    • 10.3.1.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 10.3.1.1.1. By Value
    • 10.3.1.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 10.3.1.2.1. By Type
      • 10.3.1.2.2. By Application
  • 10.3.2. Colombia Spent Fuel and Nuclear Waste Management Market Outlook
    • 10.3.2.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 10.3.2.1.1. By Value
    • 10.3.2.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 10.3.2.2.1. By Type
      • 10.3.2.2.2. By Application
  • 10.3.3. Argentina Spent Fuel and Nuclear Waste Management Market Outlook
    • 10.3.3.1. Market Size & Forecast
      • 10.3.3.1.1. By Value
    • 10.3.3.2. Market Share & Forecast
      • 10.3.3.2.1. By Type
      • 10.3.3.2.2. By Application

11. Market Dynamics

• 11.1. Drivers
• 11.2. Challenges

12. Market Trends and Developments

• 12.1. Merger & Acquisition (If Any)
• 12.2. Product Launches (If Any)
• 12.3. Recent Developments

13. Company Profiles

• 13.1. Orano SA
  • 13.1.1. Business Overview
  • 13.1.2. Key Revenue and Financials
  • 13.1.3. Recent Developments
  • 13.1.4. Key Personnel
  • 13.1.5. Key Product/Services Offered
• 13.2. Westinghouse Electric Company LLC
• 13.3. Holtec International
• 13.4. Veolia Environnement S.A.
• 13.5. Bechtel Corporation
• 13.6. Waste Control Specialists LLC
• 13.7. Babcock International Group PLC
• 13.8. Rosatom State Atomic Energy Corporation

14. Strategic Recommendations

15. About Us & Disclaimer