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市場調查報告書
商品編碼
1359866
熱能儲存市場-全球產業規模、佔有率、趨勢、機會和預測,2018-2028F 按技術、按儲存材料、按應用、按最終用戶、按地區、競爭Thermal Energy Storage Market-Global Industry Size, Share, Trends, Opportunity, and Forecast, 2018-2028F By Technology, By Storage Material, By Application, By End User, By Region, Competition |
2022年全球熱能儲存市場價值為188.9億美元,預計到2028年將達到497.2億美元,2021年至2030年的預測期內複合年成長率為9.18%。熱能儲存是指透過利用各種根據溫度波動儲存和釋放能量的材料。該技術可應用於熱泵、發電廠和廢棄物管理系統。透過利用熱能儲存系統,可以減少尖峰時段的能源需求,從而減少二氧化碳排放並減少最終消費者的能源消耗。熱能儲存廣泛應用於火力發電廠和太陽能發電廠,以確保即使在夜間也能穩定供電,並在製程工業中利用熱量。此外,再生能源發電的日益普及以及對暖通空調熱能儲存系統不斷成長的需求也帶來了其他引人注目的因素。此外,對溫室氣體排放和燃料價格上漲的日益關注預計將進一步刺激對先進熱能儲存系統的需求。
市場概況 | |
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預測期 | 2024-2028 |
2022 年市場規模 | 256.5億美元 |
2028 年市場規模 | 434.5億美元 |
2023-2028 年複合年成長率 | 9.25% |
成長最快的細分市場 | 潛熱儲存 |
最大的市場 | 歐洲 |
能源部門脫碳和減少碳排放以應對全球氣候變遷是世界各國政府、能源當局和公用事業公司的重要目標。 IRENA 表示,加速部署再生能源,加上電氣化和提高電網能源效率,到 2050 年可以實現 90% 以上的二氧化碳 (CO2) 減排量,符合巴黎氣候目標。 2019年,全球再生能源裝置容量增加176吉瓦,較2018年成長7.4%。水力發電產業復甦,帶動整體發電量成長。 2018年,太陽能發電超過生物能源,成為第三大再生能源發電來源。太陽能和風力發電分別大幅增加 28% 和 11%。自2014 年以來,這兩種來源合計佔再生能源成長的73%。在強力的聯邦政策機制(例如太陽能投資稅收抵免)和不斷成長的需求的推動下,太陽能在全球範圍內實現了49% 的驚人年均成長率北美、歐洲和亞太地區主要經濟體的清潔能源。
商業化的不斷發展和高峰時段使用量的增加推動了對電力的需求,以及智慧基礎設施中對供暖和製冷應用的需求,正在推動市場成長。已開發國家和發展中國家對再生能源技術的支持性政府政策進一步促進了這種擴張。全球許多國家都在投資再生能源,刺激不同經濟體的市場成長。對太陽能和風能的投資不僅可以創造就業機會,還可以減少排放並促進創新。許多政府的主要目標之一是減少能源部門的碳排放,從而緩解全球氣候變遷。這一目標提高了電網的能源效率,從而減少了二氧化碳排放。例如,印度政府的目標是到 2022 年安裝 175 吉瓦的再生能源容量,包括風能、生物能、太陽能和水力發電。同樣,西班牙政府計劃在 2030 年增加 157 吉瓦的可再生能源容量。利用熱能儲存可以提高可靠性、降低投資成本、提高整體效率並降低營運費用。此外,分散式再生能源技術的快速成長將成為市場的驅動力。
熱能儲存技術的成本會根據應用、尺寸和隔熱技術的不同而有所不同。與它們提供的儲存容量相比,基於相變材料(PCM)和熱化學儲存的系統通常具有更高的成本。儲存系統通常佔系統總成本的 30% 至 40% 左右。正在進行的儲能技術研究旨在減少前期資本需求,使熱能儲存在不久的將來更具競爭力。
顯熱儲存的儲存容量範圍為10kWh/t至50kWh/t,儲存效率在50%至90%之間,取決於儲存媒體的比熱和隔熱技術。 PCM 可提供更高的儲存容量和 75% 至 90% 的效率。在大多數情況下,儲存基於固相或液相變,能量密度約為100 kWh/m3(例如冰)。熱化學儲存(TCS)系統可實現高達 250 kWh/t 的儲存容量,工作溫度超過 300°C,效率從 75% 到接近 100%。
完整的顯熱儲存系統的成本在 0.1 歐元/kWh 至 10 歐元/kWh(0.11 美元/kWh 和 10.7 美元/kWh)之間,具體取決於尺寸、應用和隔熱技術。 PCM 和 TCS 系統的成本通常較高。這些系統涉及與實現足夠的充電或放電功率所需的熱(和品質)傳遞技術相關的大量費用。使用 PCM 的潛熱儲存系統的成本範圍為 10 歐元/kWh 至 50 歐元/kWh(10.7 美元/kWh 至 53.5/kWh),而 TCS 成本估計為 8 歐元/kWh 至 100 歐元/kWh(8.56 美元/kWh)至107/kWh)。熱能儲存的經濟可行性在很大程度上取決於應用和操作要求,包括儲存週期的數量和頻率。
建造 TES 系統所需的大量資本投資一直是市場擴張的主要限制因素。然而,由於製造流程的改進和標準化,以及對先進儲存材料的需求不斷增加,該技術變得更具競爭力。此外,對碳減排和光熱發電發電廠發展的積極看法預計將推動未來幾年的市場成長。
全球許多國家正在轉向再生能源發電並採用熱能儲存來實現碳減排目標。此外,政府、協會和大學正在積極投資研發,以開發對環境影響最小或為零的創新儲熱介質。在此背景下,智慧感測器、物聯網和人工智慧等尖端技術的出現預計將顯著提高熱能儲存的效率。
預計發電領域在預測期內將顯著成長。離網和偏遠地區對可靠且具有成本效益的電力供應的需求不斷成長,將推動這一領域的發展。此外,旨在促進太陽能發電廠發電的各種政府措施的實施將進一步促進發電領域的成長。根據上網電價補貼計劃,再生能源發電供應商獲得每單位發電的零售電價,並可將多餘的電力賣回電網。
預計熔鹽技術在預測期內將大幅成長。該領域的成長可歸因於其高技術效率及其在各種太陽能專案中的應用。熔鹽用於儲存透過太陽能槽和太陽能塔收集的熱量。透過此技術利用的熱量隨後被轉化為過熱蒸汽,為蒸汽渦輪機提供動力。
歐洲佔據了最大的收入佔有率,預計在整個預測期內將保持領先地位。該地區的特點是擁有大量熱能儲存系統,用於空間供暖、熱水、區域供熱和製冷以及發電等各種應用。西班牙因其眾多正在運作的 TES 計畫以及 Abengoa Solar 等主要參與者的存在而成為該區域市場成長的主要貢獻者。歐洲各國政府開發了一種稱為歐洲模式的模式,該模式根據特定地區的人口密度有效地儲存和分配能源。值得注意的是,德國聯邦政府大力投資電能儲存的高級研究,特別是與住宅太陽能板的使用相關的研究。
全球熱能儲存市場報告以及給定的市場資料,技術科學研究根據公司的具體需求提供客製化服務。該報告可以使用以下自訂選項:
TThe global thermal energy storage market was valued at USD 18.89 billion in 2022 and is projected to reach USD 49.72 billion by 2028, exhibiting a CAGR of 9.18% during the forecast period from 2021 to 2030. Thermal energy storage refers to the storage of energy by utilizing various materials that store and release energy based on temperature fluctuations. This technology finds its applications in heat pumps, power plants, and waste management systems. By leveraging thermal energy storage systems, energy demand during peak hours can be reduced, resulting in lower carbon dioxide emissions and decreased energy consumption for end consumers. Thermal energy storage is extensively used in thermal power plants and solar power plants to ensure a steady power supply, even during nighttime, and to harness heat in process industries. Furthermore, the increasing adoption of renewable power generation and the growing demand for HVAC thermal energy storage systems present other compelling factors. Additionally, the rising concern over greenhouse gas emissions and escalating fuel prices is anticipated to further stimulate the demand for advanced thermal energy storage systems.
Market Overview | |
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Forecast Period | 2024-2028 |
Market Size 2022 | USD 25.65 billion |
Market Size 2028 | USD 43.45 billion |
CAGR 2023-2028 | 9.25% |
Fastest Growing Segment | Latent Heat Storage |
Largest Market | Europe |
The decarbonization of the energy sector and the reduction of carbon emissions to combat global climate change are crucial objectives for governments, energy authorities, and utilities worldwide. According to IRENA, the accelerated deployment of renewable energy, coupled with electrification and improved energy efficiency of the electric grid, can deliver more than 90% of the necessary carbon dioxide (CO2) emission reductions by 2050, in line with the Paris Climate targets. In 2019, the global renewable energy installed capacity increased by 176 GW, representing a growth rate of 7.4% compared to 2018. The hydropower sector witnessed a recovery, contributing to the overall generation growth. Solar generation surpassed bioenergy in 2018, becoming the third-largest source of renewable electricity generation. Solar and wind generation saw significant increases of 28% and 11% respectively. Together, these two sources accounted for 73% of renewable energy growth since 2014. Solar energy experienced a remarkable average annual growth rate of 49% globally, driven by strong federal policy mechanisms, such as the Investment Tax Credit for solar power, and rising demand for clean energy across major economies in North America, Europe, and the Asia Pacific region.
In China, renewable energy sources contributed to 26.7% of the country's total power generation in 2018, with hydro, wind, PV, and biomass making significant contributions. China has set ambitious solar targets, aiming to reach at least 210 GW, and potentially up to 270 GW, by 2020. The Government of India has also set a target of installing 175 GW of renewable energy capacity by 2022, including wind, bio power, solar, and small hydropower. Spain has raised its renewable energy target to 74% by 2030 and plans to add 157 GW of renewable energy capacity. Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) generation increased by an estimated 34% in 2019 and is expected to continue growing. Continuous policy support for CSP projects across various regions, including the Middle East and Africa, Asia Pacific, and North America, will contribute to this growth.
Thermal energy storage plays a vital role in CSP plants, enabling the storage of solar heat for electricity production during periods without sunlight. This ensures uninterrupted operations and offers advantages such as increased reliability, improved overall efficiency, reduced costs, and lower carbon dioxide emissions. The integration of thermal energy storage in CSP plants is expected to drive market growth.
The demand for electricity, driven by growing commercialization and heightened usage during peak hours, alongside the need for heating and cooling applications in smart infrastructure, is fueling market growth. Supportive government policies in developed and developing nations for renewable energy technologies further contribute to this expansion. Many countries worldwide are investing in renewables, stimulating market growth across diverse economies. Investments in solar and wind power are not only creating jobs but also reducing emissions and fostering innovation. One of the primary goals of numerous governments is to curtail carbon emissions in the energy sector, thus mitigating global climate change. This objective has led to improved energy efficiency in electric grids, resulting in reduced carbon dioxide emissions. For instance, the Government of India aims to install 175 gigawatts of renewable energy capacity by 2022, encompassing wind, biopower, solar, and hydropower sources. Similarly, the Spanish government plans to add 157 gigawatts of renewable energy capacity by 2030. The utilization of thermal energy storage offers enhanced reliability, reduced investment costs, increased overall efficiency, and lower operational expenses. Furthermore, the rapid growth of decentralized renewable energy technologies will act as a driving force for the market.
The cost of thermal energy storage technologies varies depending on the application, size, and thermal insulation technology. Phase change material (PCM) and thermochemical storage-based systems generally have higher costs compared to the storage capacity they provide. Storage systems typically account for around 30% to 40% of the total system cost. Ongoing research in energy storage technologies aims to reduce upfront capital requirements, making thermal energy storage more competitive in the near future.
Sensible heat storage offers a storage capacity ranging from 10 kWh/t to 50 kWh/t, with storage efficiencies between 50% and 90%, depending on the specific heat of the storage medium and thermal insulation technologies. PCMs can provide higher storage capacity and efficiencies in the range of 75% to 90%. In most cases, storage is based on solid or liquid phase change, with energy densities around 100 kWh/m3 (e.g., ice). Thermal chemical storage (TCS) systems can achieve storage capacities of up to 250 kWh/t, with operating temperatures exceeding 300°C and efficiencies ranging from 75% to nearly 100%.
The cost of a complete sensible heat storage system ranges between Euros 0.1/kWh and 10/kWh (USD 0.11/kWh and 10.7/kWh), depending on the size, application, and thermal insulation technology. Costs for PCM and TCS systems are generally higher. These systems involve significant expenses associated with the heat (and mass) transfer technology required to achieve sufficient charging or discharging power. Costs for latent heat storage systems using PCMs range from Euros 10/kWh to 50/kWh (USD 10.7/kWh to 53.5/kWh), while TCS costs are estimated to range from Euros 8/kWh to 100/kWh (USD 8.56/kWh to 107/kWh). The economic feasibility of thermal energy storage heavily depends on the application and operational requirements, including the number and frequency of storage cycles.
The significant capital investment required for constructing TES systems has been a major constraint on market expansion. However, the technology has become more competitive due to improvements and standardization in the manufacturing process, as well as the increasing demand for advanced storage materials. Furthermore, the positive perspective on carbon emissions reduction and the development of CSP plants is expected to drive market growth in the coming years.
Numerous countries worldwide are transitioning towards renewable energy generation and embracing thermal energy storage to achieve carbon reduction goals. Furthermore, governments, associations, and universities are actively investing in research and development to develop innovative thermal storage mediums with minimal or zero environmental impact. In this context, the advent of cutting-edge technologies such as smart sensors, IoT, and AI is anticipated to significantly enhance the efficiency of thermal energy storage.
The power generation segment is projected to experience significant growth during the forecast period. The increasing demand for reliable and cost-effective power supply in off-grid and remote areas will drive this segment. Furthermore, the implementation of various government initiatives aimed at promoting electricity generation from solar power plants will further enhance the growth of the power generation segment. Under the feed-in tariff scheme, renewable power generation suppliers receive retail electricity prices for each unit generated and can sell any excess power back to the grid.
Molten salt technology is anticipated to experience substantial growth during the forecast period. The growth of this segment can be attributed to its high technological efficiency, as well as its application in various solar energy projects. Molten salt is utilized for storing the heat collected through solar troughs and solar towers. This heat, harnessed through this technology, is then converted into superheated steam to power steam turbines.
Europe accounted for the largest share of revenue and is projected to maintain its lead throughout the forecast period. The region is characterized by a significant number of thermal energy storage systems used for various applications such as space heating, water heating, district heating and cooling, and power generation. Spain emerges as the key contributor to the regional market growth due to its numerous operational TES projects and the presence of major players like Abengoa Solar. The governments of Europe have developed a model known as the European model, which efficiently stores and distributes energy based on population density in specific regions. Notably, the federal government of Germany heavily invests in advanced research for electrical energy storage, particularly in relation to its use in residential solar panels.
In this report, the Global Thermal Energy Storage Market has been segmented into the following categories, in addition to the industry trends which have also been detailed below:
Company Profiles: Detailed analysis of the major companies present in the Global Thermal Energy Storage Market.
Global Thermal Energy Storage Market report with the given market data, Tech Sci Research offers customizations according to a company's specific needs. The following customization options are available for the report: