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市場調查報告書
商品編碼
1880384
地熱能市場預測至2032年:按電站類型、組件、技術、應用、最終用戶和地區分類的全球分析Geothermal Energy Market Forecasts to 2032 - Global Analysis By Power Plant Type, Component, Technology, Application, End User, and By Geography |
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根據 Stratistics MRC 預測,2025 年全球地熱能源市場規模預計將達到 103 億美元,到 2032 年將達到 154 億美元。
預計在預測期內,地熱能市場將以5.8%的複合年成長率成長。地熱能市場涵蓋利用地表以下熱能發電或直接供暖製冷的各種技術和計劃,包括探勘、鑽井、發電廠、區域供熱網路和地源熱泵。其優點包括營運成本低且穩定、提供基礎負荷再生能源、基本負載排放極低、減少對進口燃料的依賴,以及資產壽命長,有助於實現能源安全和脫碳目標。
根據國際可再生能源機構(IRENA)的數據,到 2024 年底,全球地熱發電裝置容量將達到約 15.4 吉瓦。
全球對可再生能源的需求不斷成長,將其作為實現氣候目標的主要能源。
全球應對氣候目標的努力是推動地熱能發展的強大動力。與太陽能和風能等間歇性能源不同,地熱能能夠提供持續可靠的基本負載電力,這對電網穩定至關重要。這種持續綠能供給能力使其成為各國電力部門脫碳的關鍵組成部分。此外,地運轉率確保了穩定的能源供應,直接支持逐步淘汰石化燃料,使其成為建構永續未來可再生能源組合中的策略要素。
地理因素對可利用的熱液資源的限制
目前,經濟高效的地熱發電依賴於特定的地質條件:高熱通量、滲透性良好的岩層以及充足的水儲存。這些條件僅存在於某些特定區域,例如「環太平洋火山帶」。這使得大規模開發僅限於特定的構造和地質區域,也使得許多國家無法直接開發。因此,這些特殊地質資源在全球分佈不均,從根本上限制了地熱市場的擴張潛力。
擴大對新興市場的投資
對於新興市場,特別是東南亞和東非的投資不斷增加,蘊藏著巨大的機會。這些地區擁有豐富的尚未開發的地熱資源,同時迫切需要電力供應和經濟發展。國際資金籌措和技術轉移使得資本密集的探勘和鑽井計劃更具可行性。資金的湧入正在推動新計劃的發展,豐富全球地熱資源格局,並為傳統熱點地區以外的長期市場擴張奠定基礎。
由於太陽能和風能發電成本下降,競爭加劇。
最直接的威脅來自太陽能和風能成本的持續下降。這些可變可再生的新裝置成本已降至歷史新低,使其成為許多尋求廉價清潔能源的公用事業公司和投資者的首選。這使得面臨更高初始探勘和鑽井風險的地熱能在購電協議中處於競爭劣勢。因此,地熱計劃在資金籌措和市場佔有率方面面臨日益激烈的競爭,這可能會減緩其普及速度。
新冠疫情嚴重衝擊了地熱市場,導致供應鏈瓶頸和計劃延期。封鎖和限制措施阻礙了專業設備和熟練工人向偏遠計劃現場的調動,延緩了開發進度。此外,早期經濟的不確定性也暫時推遲了新計畫的最終投資決策。然而,該產業展現了強大的韌性,清潔能源的長期發展動力依然強勁,政府重新聚焦永續經濟獎勵策略也推動了產業復甦。
預計在預測期內,蒸氣裝置細分市場將佔據最大的市場佔有率。
預計在預測期內,閃蒸式地蒸氣發電廠將佔據最大的市場佔有率,因為它是目前應用最廣泛、技術最成熟的地熱發電方式,尤其適用於溫度高於180°C的高溫地儲存。其高效的運作效率和將地熱資源轉化為電力的成熟經驗使其成為眾多開發商的首選。成熟地熱市場中豐富的高溫資源進一步鞏固了該領域的主導地位,預計在不久的將來仍將保持領先地位,並提供可靠的大規模發電。
預計在預測期內,鑽井設備細分市場將呈現最高的複合年成長率。
預計在預測期內,鑽井設備領域將達到最高成長率。全球對待開發區計劃和現有地熱發電廠擴建的投資不斷增加,直接推動了這一快速成長。鑽井在計劃資本支出中佔很大比例,隨著開發進程的加快,對先進且高效的鑽機及相關服務的需求日益成長。此外,旨在降低鑽井成本和提高增強型地熱系統(EGS)成功率的技術創新,也將進一步推動該領域的擴張。
預計北美將在預測期內佔據最大的市場佔有率。這項優勢得益於西部各州,特別是加州和內華達州,已建立並廣泛應用的成熟地熱基礎設施。完善的法規結構和州級可再生能源組合標準持續推動地熱發展。此外,對現有電廠現代化改造和新型先進地熱技術的持續投資,進一步鞏固了該地區的優勢,充分利用了其長期累積的專業知識和豐富的高品質資源。
預計亞太地區在預測期內將實現最高的複合年成長率,這主要得益於巨大的未開發潛力以及不斷成長的能源需求。印尼、菲律賓和紐西蘭等國正積極開發其豐富的地熱資源,旨在增強能源安全並減少碳排放。政府的大規模舉措,以及不斷成長的國際投資和夥伴關係,正在推動計劃儲備的加速成長。這種需求、資源可用性和資金支持的動態組合,預計將使該地區成為全球成長最快的市場。
According to Stratistics MRC, the Global Geothermal Energy Market is accounted for $10.3 billion in 2025 and is expected to reach $15.4 billion by 2032, growing at a CAGR of 5.8% during the forecast period. The geothermal energy market covers technologies and projects that tap heat from beneath the Earth's surface to generate electricity and provide direct heating and cooling. It includes exploration, drilling, power plants, district heating networks, and geothermal heat pumps. Benefits include low and stable operating costs, baseload renewable power, very low emissions, reduced dependence on imported fuels, and long asset lifetimes that support energy security and decarbonization goals.
According to IRENA, global installed geothermal power capacity reached ~15.4 GW by end-2024.
Rising global demand for baseload renewable energy to achieve climate goals
The global push to meet climate targets is a powerful driver for geothermal energy. Unlike intermittent sources like solar and wind, geothermal provides a consistent, reliable baseload power that is crucial for grid stability. This capacity to deliver continuous, clean electricity makes it indispensable for nations committed to decarbonizing their power sectors. Furthermore, its high capacity factor ensures a stable energy supply, directly supporting the phase-out of fossil fuels and making it a strategic component in the renewable energy mix for a sustainable future.
Geographical limitations to viable hydrothermal resources
Economical geothermal power generation currently depends on specific geological conditions, namely high heat flow and permeable rock with substantial water reservoirs, which are only found in distinct regions like the "Ring of Fire." This confines large-scale development to specific tectonic areas, excluding many countries from direct exploitation. Consequently, the planet's uneven distribution of these prime geological resources inherently caps the market's natural expansion.
Increasing investment in emerging markets
Increasing investment into emerging markets, particularly in Southeast Asia and East Africa, presents a substantial opportunity. These regions possess vast, untapped geothermal potential aligned with their urgent need for electrification and economic development. International financing and technology transfers are making capital-intensive exploration and drilling projects more feasible. This influx of capital is unlocking new projects, diversifying the global geothermal landscape, and setting the stage for significant long-term market expansion beyond traditional hotspots.
Competition from declining costs of solar PV and wind power
The most pressing threat comes from the relentless cost decline of solar PV and wind power. These variable renewables have achieved record-low prices for new installations, making them the default choice for many utilities and investors seeking cheap, clean energy. This positions geothermal, with its high upfront exploration and drilling risks, at a competitive disadvantage in power purchase agreements. Consequently, geothermal projects face intensified competition for funding and market share, potentially slowing their adoption rate.
The COVID-19 pandemic significantly disrupted the geothermal market by causing supply chain bottlenecks and project delays. Lockdowns and restrictions hindered the mobilization of specialized equipment and skilled personnel to remote project sites, stalling development timelines. Additionally, initial economic uncertainty led to temporary delays in final investment decisions for new projects. However, the sector demonstrated resilience, and the long-term drivers for clean energy remained intact, with a recovery propelled by renewed government focus on sustainable economic stimulus packages.
The flash steam plants segment is expected to be the largest during the forecast period
The flash steam plants segment is expected to account for the largest market share during the forecast period, as they are the most prevalent and technologically mature method for geothermal power generation, especially in high-temperature reservoirs above 180°C. Their operational efficiency and proven track record in converting hydrothermal resources into electricity make them the preferred choice for many developers. The segment's leading position is strengthened by the large amount of high-temperature resources available in well-established geothermal markets, which will help it stay on top in the near future by providing dependable, large-scale power generation.
The drilling equipment segment is expected to have the highest CAGR during the forecast period
Over the forecast period, the drilling equipment segment is predicted to witness the highest growth rate. Increased global investment in both new greenfield projects and the expansion of existing geothermal fields directly drives this surge. Drilling represents a major portion of project capital expenditure, and as development accelerates, the demand for advanced, efficient drilling rigs and related services intensifies. Moreover, technological innovations aimed at reducing drilling costs and improving success rates in enhanced geothermal systems (EGS) will further propel this segment's expansion.
During the forecast period, the North America region is expected to hold the largest market share. The well-established and extensive geothermal infrastructure in the western states, particularly California and Nevada, anchors this leadership. Supportive regulatory frameworks and state-level renewable portfolio standards consistently drive development. Furthermore, continuous investments in modernizing existing plants and exploring new advanced geothermal technologies solidify the region's dominant position, leveraging its long-standing expertise and significant, high-quality resource base.
Over the forecast period, the Asia Pacific region is expected to exhibit the highest CAGR, driven by massive untapped potential and escalating energy demand. Countries like Indonesia, the Philippines, and New Zealand are aggressively developing their vast geothermal resources to bolster energy security and reduce carbon emissions. Substantial government initiatives, coupled with rising international investments and partnerships, are accelerating project pipelines. This dynamic combination of need, resource availability, and financial backing positions the region for the most rapid market expansion globally.
Key players in the market
Some of the key players in Geothermal Energy Market include Ormat Technologies, Inc., Calpine Corporation, Enel Green Power S.p.A., Energy Development Corporation, PT Pertamina Geothermal Energy, Kenya Electricity Generating Company PLC, Terra-Gen, LLC, Fervo Energy, Inc., Baker Hughes Company, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd., Toshiba Energy Systems & Solutions Corporation, General Electric Company, Atlas Copco AB, Turboden S.p.A., Innergex Renewable Energy Inc., Exergy International S.r.l., Contact Energy Limited, and Landsvirkjun.
In November 2025, PT Pertamina Geothermal Energy (PGE) announced the launch of the Ulubelu Green Hydrogen Pilot Project, integrating geothermal energy with hydrogen technology to support a low-carbon industry and develop an end-to-end green hydrogen ecosystem.
In October 2025, Ormat Technologies has partnered with SLB to accelerate the development and deployment of integrated geothermal assets, including the next-generation Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS). This collaboration aims to make geothermal energy more scalable and commercially viable, addressing the rising energy demand driven by AI and data center needs. The partnership also involves designing and piloting EGS solutions at existing Ormat sites.
In June 2025, Calpine Corporation, in collaboration with MCE, expanded its geothermal capacity by 7 MW at The Geysers geothermal complex, which started powering homes on June 1, 2025. The expansion emphasizes enhanced reliability and community benefits with $50,000 allocated for local green jobs and access to clean energy.
Note: Tables for North America, Europe, APAC, South America, and Middle East & Africa Regions are also represented in the same manner as above.