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市場調查報告書
商品編碼
1766036
2032 年 PEM 燃料電池材料市場預測:按材料類型、功率、應用、最終用戶和地區進行的全球分析Materials for PEM Fuel Cells Market Forecasts to 2032 - Global Analysis By Material Type, Power Output, Application, End User and By Geography |
根據 Stratistics MRC 的數據,全球 PEM 燃料電池材料市場預計在 2025 年達到 20.4 億美元,到 2032 年將達到 66.9 億美元,預測期內的複合年成長率為 18.5%。
質子交換膜 (PEM) 燃料電池材料經過精心挑選,以提供卓越的性能、使用壽命和效率。質子交換膜是其關鍵組件,它傳輸質子並充當氣體屏障。它通常由磺酸鹽磺酸聚合物(例如 Nafion)構成。陽極和陰極使用鉑基催化劑來驅動電化學反應。氣體擴散層 (GDL) 通常由碳纖維紙或碳纖維布構成,可確保均勻的氣體分佈和有效的濕度控制。
根據美國能源部的數據,僅鉑催化劑一項就約佔質子交換膜燃料電池堆成本的41%(2020年燃料電池堆成本細分基於40美元/千瓦的目標)。這反映出,為實現美國能源部40美元/千瓦的汽車燃料電池系統成本目標,鉑金的成本負擔龐大。
人們對零排放汽車的興趣日益濃厚
隨著全球轉向綠色交通,尤其是在公共交通、貨運卡車和市政車輛等行業,對燃料電池電動車 (FCEV) 的需求急劇成長。與純電動車 (BEV) 相比,質子交換膜 (PEM) 燃料電池車具有更長的續航里程和更短的加氫時間,使其成為遠距重載應用的理想選擇。此外,FCEV 需求的成長也直接推動了對高性能質子交換膜 (PEM) 燃料電池組件的需求,包括鉑基催化劑、氣體擴散層以及像 Nafion 這樣的長效膜。
昂貴而重要的材料
原料成本高昂,尤其是鉑金(常用於質子交換膜燃料電池的催化劑)是最大的障礙之一。鉑金稀缺且昂貴,主要集中在南非和俄羅斯等少數國家,這使得鉑金供應容易受到市場波動和地緣政治不穩定的影響。磺酸鹽磺酸 (PFSA) 基膜,例如 Nafion,由於其複雜的化學結構和製造程序,價格也非常昂貴。此外,這些昂貴的組件推高了質子交換膜燃料電池的總成本,限制了其可用性和廣泛應用,尤其是在消費者對價格敏感的行業和領域。
替代材料和觸媒技術的開發
正在進行的非鉑族金屬(non-PGM)催化劑研究,例如鐵-氮-碳(Fe-NC)和摻雜碳基催化劑,為大幅降低燃料電池價格提供了創新機會。同樣,化學穩定性更高、製造成本更低的碳氫化合物基膜和複合膜也正在被研究作為傳統Nafion膜的替代品。此外,由於這些進展,更便宜、更豐富且更具永續的下一代電解質膜材料正在出現。如果這些替代品能夠規模化並實現商業化,企業將能夠在材料市場上佔據優勢。
蘊藏量有限且氫氣基礎設施不足
可靠的氫能基礎設施(包括生產、配送和加氫站)對於PEM燃料電池的廣泛應用至關重要,因此其所用材料也至關重要。大多數地區,尤其是開發中國家,氫能基礎設施尚不存在或仍在建設中。如果沒有同步的基礎建設,PEM燃料電池材料的投資可能會受到威脅。此外,還有其他一些障礙會間接阻礙市場擴張,例如氫氣的儲存問題、安全隱患以及壓縮和液化過程中的能量損失。
由於封鎖、勞動力短缺和運輸限制,新冠疫情首先擾亂了全球供應鏈,並減緩了生產活動。包括鉑金和全氟辛烷磺酸(PFSA)薄膜在內的關鍵原料採購問題導致計劃延期和成本變動。然而,作為新冠疫情後復甦努力的一部分,疫情增加了政府對清潔能源的興趣,從而增加了對燃料電池和氫能技術的資金投入。因此,市場一度遭遇挫折,但由於對能源韌性和脫碳、綠色獎勵策略以及氫能藍圖的關注度不斷提高,市場迅速復甦。
預計預測期內膜電極組件(MEA)部分將成為最大的部分。
預計膜電極組件 (MEA) 領域將在預測期內佔據最大的市場佔有率。將氫氣和氧氣轉化為電能、水和熱量的電化學反應發生在膜電極組件 (MEA) 中,它是燃料電池的核心部件。該組件是燃料電池堆中最有價值、最複雜的部分,因為它包含許多關鍵組件,例如離聚物、催化劑層和薄膜。此外,固定式、攜帶式和汽車燃料電池應用對長壽命、高性能膜電極組件的需求不斷成長,以及為提高效率和降低鉑含量而進行的持續研發,顯著提升了該市場的主導地位。
預計汽車OEM和一級供應商部門在預測期內將呈現最高的複合年成長率。
預計汽車原始設備製造商 (OEM) 和一級供應商細分市場將在預測期內實現最高成長。這一成長主要源於全球對零排放出行的追求以及氫燃料電池電動車 (FCEV) 日益成長的使用,尤其是在商用車隊、公車和卡車領域。主要汽車製造商和供應商正在大力投入燃料電池研發,以滿足嚴格的排放法規並延長續航里程。此外,對高性能材料(例如堅固的膜電極組件 (MEA)、輕質雙極板和高效催化劑)的需求,也為整個汽車供應鏈的技術創新和廣泛的材料採購注入了強勁動力。
在預測期內,亞太地區預計將佔據最大的市場佔有率,這得益於其積極的氫燃料電池技術部署、快速的工業化進程以及政府的大力支持,尤其是在中國、日本和韓國等國家。為了鼓勵燃料電池汽車的使用和基礎設施建設,一些國家製定了國家氫能規劃並提供大量補貼。例如,韓國和日本正在推進燃料電池在汽車和住宅中的應用,而中國則在燃料電池公車的部署方面處於領先地位。此外,該地區完善的材料供應鏈和製造能力進一步鞏固了其在全球市場的主導地位。
預計北美地區在預測期內的複合年成長率最高。這得歸功於清潔能源技術投資的增加、氫動力汽車的普及,以及《通膨控制法案》和美國能源局的「氫能計畫」等有效的政府計畫。高性能質子交換膜 (PEM) 材料在該地區需求旺盛,因為它們在工業脫碳、備用電源和交通運輸等應用領域不斷擴展。此外,由於北美擁有領先的汽車製造商、研究機構和先進的製造能力,推動催化劑、薄膜和雙極板的快速創新,北美預計將在未來幾年成為重要的成長中心。
According to Stratistics MRC, the Global Materials for PEM Fuel Cells Market is accounted for $2.04 billion in 2025 and is expected to reach $6.69 billion by 2032 growing at a CAGR of 18.5% during the forecast period. Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) fuel cell materials are carefully chosen to provide excellent performance, longevity, and efficiency. The proton exchange membrane, which carries protons while serving as a gas barrier, is one of the essential parts. It is usually composed of perfluorosulfonic acid polymers like Nafion. Both the anode and the cathode employ catalysts, most frequently based on platinum, to speed up electrochemical reactions. Typically composed of carbon fiber papers or cloths, gas diffusion layers (GDLs) guarantee uniform gas distribution and effective water control.
According to the U.S. DOE, platinum catalysts alone contribute approximately 41 % of the cost of a PEM fuel cell stack (based on a 2020 stack-cost breakdown targeting US $40/kW). This aligns with the 41% figure you mentioned and reflects the significant cost burden of platinum in achieving DOE's cost target of $40/kW for automotive fuel cell systems.
Increasing interest in zero-emission automobiles
The need for fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) has grown dramatically as a result of the global shift to greener transportation, particularly in industries including public transportation, freight trucks, and municipal fleets. PEM fuel cell vehicles are perfect for long-distance and heavy-duty applications since they have greater ranges and quicker refueling periods than battery electric vehicles (BEVs). Additionally, the requirement for high-performance PEM fuel cell components, such as platinum-based catalysts, gas diffusion layers, and long-lasting membranes like Nafion, is directly increased by the rise in demand for FCEVs.
Expensive critical materials
The high cost of raw materials, especially platinum, which is frequently employed as a catalyst in PEM fuel cells, is one of the biggest obstacles. Due to its scarcity, high cost, and significant concentration in a small number of countries, likes South Africa and Russia, platinum supply is susceptible to market swings and geopolitical unrest. Perfluorosulfonic acid (PFSA)-based membranes, such as Nafion, is also expensive because of their intricate chemical makeup and production procedures. Furthermore, PEM fuel cells' overall cost is increased by these pricey components, which restricts their accessibility and widespread use, particularly in areas or industries where consumers are price-sensitive.
Developments in material substitution and catalyst technology
An innovative chance to drastically lower fuel cell prices is presented by ongoing research into non-platinum group metal (non-PGM) catalysts, such as iron-nitrogen-carbon (Fe-N-C) or doped carbon-based catalysts. Comparably, hydrocarbon-based or composite membranes, which have better chemical durability and cheaper production costs, are being explored as substitutes for conventional Nafion membranes. Moreover, next-generation PEM materials, which are more affordable, more plentiful, and possibly more sustainable, are emerging as a result of these advancements. Businesses will have an advantage in the materials market if they can scale up and commercialize these alternatives.
Limited storage and inadequate hydrogen infrastructure
The availability of dependable hydrogen infrastructure, including manufacturing, delivery, and filling stations, is crucial for the uptake of PEM fuel cells and, consequently, the materials utilized in them. Hydrogen infrastructure is either nonexistent or in its infancy in the majority of places, particularly in developing nations. Investing in PEM fuel cell materials may be jeopardized if infrastructure is not scaled up in tandem. Additionally, barriers that may indirectly jeopardize market expansion include issues with hydrogen storage, safety issues, and energy losses during compression or liquefaction.
Due to lockdowns, labour shortages, and limited transportation, the COVID-19 pandemic first disrupted global supply chains and delayed production activities, this had a mixed effect on the materials market for PEM fuel cells. Project delays and cost changes resulted from procurement issues with essential raw materials, including platinum and PFSA membranes. But as part of post-COVID recovery efforts, the epidemic also heightened government attention to clean energy, leading to more funding for fuel cell and hydrogen technology. As a result, even if the market suffered brief setbacks, it quickly recovered owing to greater attention on energy resilience and decarbonisation, green stimulus packages, and hydrogen roadmaps.
The membrane electrode assemblies (MEA) segment is expected to be the largest during the forecast period
The membrane electrode assemblies (MEA) segment is expected to account for the largest market share during the forecast period. The electrochemical reactions that turn hydrogen and oxygen into electricity, water, and heat take place in MEAs, which are the central component of fuel cells. This component is the most valuable and complex portion of the fuel cell stack since it incorporates a number of essential components, such as the ionomers, catalyst layers, and membrane. Moreover, the dominance of this market is greatly increased by the growing demand for long-lasting, high-performance MEAs in stationary, portable, and automotive fuel cell applications, as well as by continuous research and development to increase efficiency and lower platinum content.
The automotive OEMs & tier-1 suppliers segment is expected to have the highest CAGR during the forecast period
Over the forecast period, the automotive OEMs & tier-1 suppliers segment is predicted to witness the highest growth rate. This expansion is fueled by the global movement toward zero-emission mobility and the growing usage of hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs), particularly in commercial fleets, buses, and trucks. Fuel cell research and development is being heavily funded by major automakers and suppliers in order to meet strict emission regulations and increase driving range. Additionally, strong momentum for innovation and extensive material procurement throughout the automotive supply chain is being created by the segment's demand for high-performance materials, including robust MEAs, lightweight bipolar plates, and effective catalysts.
During the forecast period, the Asia Pacific region is expected to hold the largest market share fueled by aggressive hydrogen fuel cell technology deployment, fast industrialization, and robust government assistance, especially in nations like China, Japan, and South Korea. In order to encourage the use of fuel cell vehicles and the construction of infrastructure, several countries have established national hydrogen plans and provide sizeable subsidies. For example, South Korea and Japan are developing fuel cell applications for both cars and homes, while China is at the forefront of fuel cell bus deployment. Furthermore, the areas established supply chains for materials and manufacturing capabilities further contribute to its supremacy in the worldwide market.
Over the forecast period, the North America region is anticipated to exhibit the highest CAGR, driven by rising investments in clean energy technologies, the expanding use of vehicles that run on hydrogen, and effective government programs like the Inflation Reduction Act and the Hydrogen Shot program of the U.S. Department of Energy. High-performance PEM materials are in high demand in the region because of growing applications in industrial decarburization, backup power, and transportation. Moreover, North America is positioned as a major growth hub in the years to come due to the presence of major automakers, research institutes, and advanced manufacturing capabilities that facilitate rapid innovation in catalysts, membranes, and bipolar plates.
Key players in the market
Some of the key players in Materials for PEM Fuel Cells Market include BASF SE, ITM Power PLC, PowerCell Sweden AB, Nuvera Fuel Cells, LLC, W.L. Gore & Associates Inc, Johnson Matthey, Plug Power Inc., Intelligent Energy Limited, Giner Inc., Ballard Power Systems, Shanghai Shenli Technology Co., Ltd., Pragma Industries Inc, Umicore, DuPont and ElringKlinger Inc.
In May 2025, Johnson Matthey has reached an agreement to sell its Catalyst Technologies (CT) business to Honeywell International for £1.8bn. The cash and debt-free basis transaction is expected to deliver net sale proceeds of c.£1.6bn to the Group, subject to customary closing adjustments. JM will be repositioned as a highly streamlined group focused on Clean Air and PGMS, driving sustained strong cash generation to support attractive ongoing returns to shareholders.
In May 2025, ITM Power has signed an agreement confirming our selection as the supplier of over 300MW of electrolysers. ITM Power is pleased to announce that we have signed an agreement with a customer, who wishes to remain confidential at this stage, confirming our selection as the supplier of over 300MW of electrolysers to produce green hydrogen for use in a power plant in the Asia-Pacific (APAC) region, thereby avoiding carbon emissions.
In April 2025, BASF and the University of Toronto have signed a Master Research Agreement (MRA) to streamline innovation projects and increase collaboration between BASF and Canadian researchers. This partnership is part of a regional strategy to extend BASF's collaboration with universities in North America into Canada. This is a great achievement for BASF, as it marks the company's first MRA with a Canadian university.
Note: Tables for North America, Europe, APAC, South America, and Middle East & Africa Regions are also represented in the same manner as above.