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市場調查報告書
商品編碼
1324384
到 2030 年地熱發電市場預測:按溫度、產量、技術、用途和地區進行全球分析Geothermal Power Market Forecasts to 2030 - Global Analysis By Temperature (Low Temperature, Medium Temperature and High Temperature ), Power Output, Technology, Application and By Geography |
根據Stratistics MRC的數據,2023年全球地熱發電市場規模為64.5億美元,預計到2030年將達到103.6億美元,預測期內年複合成長率為7%。
地熱發電涉及從地球自然熱量中獲取可再生能源的生產和使用。地熱發電廠利用地球內部的熱量,通過轉化蒸汽或熱水來發電。該過程包括在地熱儲存中鑽一口井以獲取高溫流體,然後用高溫流體驅動連接到發電機的渦輪機。地熱能是一種永續環保的發電解決方案,溫室氣體排放最少。
根據國際可再生能源機構(IRENA)的數據,2016年發電量為83,477GWh,2020年將達到94,949GWh。
隨著世界越來越關注氣候變化和碳排放,人們越來越重視向可再生和環保能源的過渡。地熱發電提供了可靠且永續的解決方案,因為它利用地球的自然熱量來發電,而不排放溫室氣體。世界各國政府和能源政策制定者擴大提倡採用地熱能,以實現能源結構多樣化並減少對化石燃料的依賴。
需要精確探勘才能找到具有高地熱潛力的合適位置。由於缺乏最先進的探勘和鑽井技術,尋找新的地熱儲存或擴大現有地熱儲存可能會受到阻礙。缺乏有關基本條件和資源可用性的資訊可能會導致鑽井作業效率低下和項目成本高昂。地熱能在最尖端科技的幫助下,可能會被更有效地識別,並成為更具競爭力和可行的可再生能源。
傳統上,高溫地熱資源一直是發電的主要焦點,但中低溫資源的利用正在引起人們的關注。雙循環發電廠和增強型地熱系統等先進技術能夠從溫度較低的地熱儲存中經濟高效地提取能源。地熱利用的擴大增加了可行的地熱發電地點的數量,擴大了市場範圍,並使以前認為不適合的地區能夠利用地熱能。
地熱發電廠依靠地下水庫來提取熱量,並且容易受到環境變化的影響。地震、火山活動和地質運動等自然現象會影響地熱資源的穩定性和性能,從而影響發電量。此外,地下壓力和流體流量的變化可能導致儲存產能下降。環境破壞可能導致項目延誤、維護成本增加,甚至對地熱發電廠造成永久性損壞。為了減輕這種威脅,仔細的選址、持續監測和適應性管理策略對於確保永續和可靠的地熱發電,同時最大限度地減少對環境的影響至關重要。
COVID-19大流行的存在對地熱能業務產生了重大影響。這是因為它對全球供應鏈造成了多重干擾,並減少了市場參與企業對計劃項目的投資。地熱發電產能逐年增加,有望重振地熱發電行業,但由於COVID-19和世界各國實施的停工措施,多個項目面臨推遲。此外,由於使用對環境有益的清潔資源而引起的對電力安全的日益關注正在推動地熱發電市場的擴張。
由於對熱泵的需求不斷增加,商業領域佔據了最大的市場佔有率,熱泵在辦公樓、酒店、學校和醫院等需要時用於空調和冷卻。區域供熱也是住宅用地熱能的主要來源之一。
預計二元循環工廠部分在預測期內年複合成長率最高。二元循環是一種先進、高效的低溫地熱資源發電方法。在二元循環過程中,溫度較低的熱地熱流體通過熱交換器,其中熱能被轉移到沸點較低的二次流體。二次流體被蒸發並驅動連接到發電機的渦輪機,產生清潔、可再生的電力。二元循環技術能夠利用以前開拓的低溫地熱儲存,擴大地熱能的潛力,使地熱能在更廣泛的地區得到利用,為地熱發電市場的成長做出貢獻。
由於豐富的地熱潛力和可再生能源利用的不斷增加,預計亞太市場在預測期內將佔據全球地熱發電市場的最高佔有率。正在開展地熱發電工程並承認地熱能生產能力的國家包括印度尼西亞、菲律賓和紐西蘭。政府的激勵措施、有利的立法和對地熱技術的投資進一步推動了市場擴張。隨著該地區繼續優先考慮清潔可靠的發電,地熱能將對該地區的能源結構做出重大貢獻,從而推動長期經濟和環境效益。
預計北美地區在預測期內將呈現最高成長率。通過利用其多樣化的地熱資源和技術知識,北美已成為地熱發電市場的主要參與者。美國和墨西哥擁有幾座地熱發電廠,利用地球自身的熱量發電。地熱能在北美受到積極評價,因為它是可再生的清潔能源,並且符合減少碳排放和促進永續能源實踐的區域承諾。由於強調能源安全和環境友好,地熱發電預計將在該地區的能源轉型和可再生能源擴張中發揮越來越重要的作用。
According to Stratistics MRC, the Global Geothermal Power Market is accounted for $6.45 billion in 2023 and is expected to reach $10.36 billion by 2030 growing at a CAGR of 7% during the forecast period. The Geothermal Power involves the production and utilization of renewable energy derived from the Earth's natural heat. Geothermal power plants harness the Earth's internal heat to generate electricity through the conversion of steam or hot water. The process involves drilling wells into geothermal reservoirs to access the hot fluids, which are then used to drive turbines connected to electricity generators. Geothermal energy offers a sustainable and eco-friendly power generation solution with minimal greenhouse gas emissions.
According to the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), the electricity generation was 83,477 GWh in 2016 and it is reached by 94,949 GWh in 2020.
As global concerns regarding climate change and carbon emissions intensify, there is a growing emphasis on transitioning towards renewable and environmentally friendly energy sources. Geothermal power offers a reliable and sustainable solution, as it utilizes the Earth's natural heat to generate electricity without greenhouse gas emissions. Governments and energy policymakers worldwide are increasingly promoting the adoption of geothermal energy to diversify the energy mix and reduce reliance on fossil fuels.
Accurate exploration is necessary to find suitable locations with high geothermal potential. The search for new geothermal reservoirs and the expansion of those that already exist may be hampered by a lack of cutting-edge exploration and drilling methods. Drilling efforts that are ineffective and higher project expenses could result from a lack of information about the underlying conditions and resource availability. Geothermal energy may be identified more effectively with the help of cutting-edge technology, making it a more competitive and feasible renewable energy source.
While high-temperature geothermal resources have traditionally been the primary focus for power generation, the utilization of low- and medium-temperature resources has gained prominence. Advanced technologies, such as binary cycle power plants and enhanced geothermal systems, allow for the cost-effective extraction of energy from lower-temperature geothermal reservoirs. This expansion of geothermal applications increases the number of viable sites for geothermal power generation, broadening the market's reach and making geothermal energy accessible to regions previously considered unsuitable.
Geothermal power plants rely on accessing and extracting heat from underground reservoirs, which can be susceptible to environmental changes. Natural events like earthquakes, volcanic activities, and geological shifts can impact the stability and performance of geothermal resources, affecting power generation. Additionally, changes in underground pressure or fluid flow may lead to declining reservoir productivity. Environmental disruptions can cause project delays, increased maintenance costs, and even permanent damage to geothermal sites. To mitigate this threat, careful site selection, ongoing monitoring, and adaptive management strategies are essential to ensure sustainable and reliable geothermal power generation while minimizing environmental impacts.
The COVID-19 pandemic's existence had a significant impact on the geothermal energy business since it caused multiple interruptions in the global supply chain and decreased investment from market participants in their planned projects. Aside from the yearly increases in geothermal power capacity that are expected to fuel the industry, several projects are facing delays because to COVID-19 and global lockout measures implemented by many nations across the world. In addition, growing worries about the security of electricity resulting from the use of environmentally beneficial and clean resources are propelling market expansion for geothermal power.
The commercial segment held the largest share in the market owing to the increasing demand for heat pump which is used for air conditioning and cooling down inside the environment when needed, including office buildings, hotels, schools, and hospitals. In addition, one of the major sources of geothermal energy in residential structures is district heating.
During the projection period, the binary cycle plants segment is expected to have the greatest CAGR. It is an advanced and efficient method used to generate electricity from low-temperature geothermal resources. In the Binary Cycle process, hot geothermal fluid with lower temperatures is passed through a heat exchanger, where it transfers its thermal energy to a secondary fluid with a lower boiling point. The secondary fluid vaporizes and drives a turbine connected to an electricity generator, producing clean and renewable power. Binary Cycle technology allows for the utilization of previously untapped low-temperature geothermal reservoirs, expanding the geothermal potential and making geothermal energy accessible to a broader range of regions, contributing to the growth of the geothermal power market.
The Asia Pacific region market is estimated to witness the highest share of the global Geothermal Power market during the forecast period, due to its abundant geothermal potential and rising use of renewable energy sources. Countries with ongoing geothermal power projects and recognized competence in geothermal energy production include Indonesia, the Philippines, and New Zealand. The market's expansion is further accelerated by government incentives, advantageous laws, and investments in geothermal technology. Geothermal energy is positioned to significantly contribute to the region's energy mix as the Asia Pacific region continues to prioritize clean and dependable power generation, encouraging long-term economic and environmental advantages.
The North America region is expected to have the highest growth rate over the forecast period. By utilizing its wide variety of geothermal resources and technological know-how, North America is a major player in the geothermal power market. Several geothermal power stations that use the Earth's inherent heat to produce electricity are located in the United States and Mexico. Due to its renewable and clean energy qualities, which are in line with regional pledges to cut carbon emissions and advance sustainable energy practices, geothermal power is seen positively in North America. Geothermal power is anticipated to play an increasingly important role in the region's energy transition and expansion of renewable energy as it stresses energy security and environmental stewardship.
Some of the key players in Geothermal Power market include: Ansaldo Energia, Atlas Copco AB, Berkshire Hathaway Inc., Calpine, Chevron Corp., Enel Spa, EthosEnergy Group, Fuji Electric Co Ltd, General Electric, Gradient Resources, Green Mountain Energy Company, Halliburton, KenGen, Macquarie Group Limited, Ormat Technologies Inc., Reykjavik Geothermal, Sumitomo Corporation, Supreme Energy, Terra-Gen Power LLC, ThermaSource LLC, Toshiba International Corp., Turboden S.p.A. and U.S. Geothermal Inc..
In July 2022, Ormat announced the commercial operation of the Casa Diablo-IV (CD4) 30 MW geothermal power plant. The CD4 facility provides 7 MW of geothermal power to two Community Choice Aggregators, Silicon Valley Clean Energy and Central Coast Community Energy, each under a 10-year power purchase agreement (PPA).
In May 2022, Baker Hughes Company announced an investment in San Francisco-based GreenFire Energy Inc., a company involved in the development of closed-loop Advanced Geothermal Systems (AGS).
In February 2022, SLB announced the introduction of the GeoSphere 360 3D reservoir mapping-while-drilling service at the International Petroleum Technology Conference (IPTC).