中國充電基礎設施（超級充電、換電、V2G 等）及高效能超級充電電池研究報告，2026 年。

充電和電池更換調查：隨著支援 5C+ 快速充電的汽車開始大規模生產，汽車製造商正在加快建立自己的快速充電網路。

800-1000V高壓平台將廣泛應用，相容於5C超級充電的車輛將實現量產。

至2026年，800-1000V高壓平台將全面普及，高倍率快充（5C或更高）將成為各大汽車製造商競爭的核心。各品牌都在電池技術、充電倍率和充電網路方面製定精細的策略。高功率快充（5C或更高）是各大汽車製造商競爭的焦點。同時，800V高壓平台也在主流家用車市場（15萬-20萬元）逐漸普及。

比亞迪：該公司正在拓展其在快充領域的佈局。旗下高階品牌「陽旺」的U9車款實現了6C快充；「騰勢」品牌下的車款（如騰勢N7和D9DM）支援3C快充；而「松LEV」和「漢EV」等主流車款則支援2C快充。此外，比亞迪最新發表的第二代刀片電池和閃充技術實現了超快充電，在常溫條件下，5分鐘即可將電量從10%充至70%，9分鐘即可從10%充至97%。比亞迪也將800V閃充技術應用於數十萬元車型（如松Ultra EV和海獅06 EV）。

理想汽車：旗艦車型「Li MEGA」配備5C超級充電功能，採用5C「麒麟」電池，僅需12分鐘即可實現500公里的續航里程。下一代車款「Li L6」同樣支援5C超級充電，可在12分鐘內從20%充至80%。

小米汽車：小米SU7 Ultra（2025）支援5.2C快充，從10%充到80%只需約12分鐘。峰值輸出功率超過400kW，充電15分鐘即可提供約620公里的續航里程。

小鵬：旗艦機型小鵬GX，憑藉5C超級充電功能，可在短短11.7分鐘內從10%充電至80%。

吉利旗下ZEEKR：ZEEKR 007支援5.5C高功率快充，約10分鐘即可充滿。 ZEEKR 8X搭載6C電池，只需9分鐘即可從20%充至80%。新款ZEEKR 001是首款搭載5C「神星電池」的車款。

為了實現車輛超級充電，需要高壓車輛架構和輸出功率600kW以上的超級充電站。汽車製造商不僅需要開發採用高壓架構和快速充電站（例如比亞迪的單槍1500kW閃充電站）的車型，還需要與充電站公司和電網合作，推進以「儲能與充電一體化」為特徵的微電網/V2mG建設，以應對高功率充電對電網的瞬時衝擊。

• 主要汽車製造商：建立大規模快速充電網路，專注於超快速充電體驗。

隨著高功率快充電池技術的廣泛應用，汽車廠商建置快充站的方式正從各自為政轉向建構協同生態系統的新階段。基於主流的快充站解決方案/配置，汽車廠商的充電網路建置主要有四種模式：

1. 汽車製造商（如ZEEKR、理想汽車、小鵬汽車、特斯拉）開發並營運自己的超級充電網路；

2. 華為將向營運商和OEM廠商出售超級充電系統解決方案（無需他們在全國範圍內建造自己的充電站）；

3. 蔚來汽車採用換電與超級充電結合的系統；

4. 比亞迪擁有兆瓦級超級充電技術和最先進的儲能技術。

截至2026年6月底，國內主要汽車製造商自營超級充電站數量如下：

比亞迪的快充站數量：7018個。到2026年，比亞迪的快充站建設計畫主要基於「閃充中國」戰略，核心目標是到年底建成2萬座充電站。

理想汽車超級充電站：4,092 個

小鵬汽車快充站：2650個地點

特斯拉中國超級充電站：2600個地點

蔚來汽車擁有1,765座超級充電站（不含換電站）。蔚來汽車在2026年公佈的規劃和最新建設進展，重點在於「全面擴展充電和換電站網路」以及「升級第五代換電站」。

ZEEKR 直營超級充電站：1,236 個

華為鴻蒙智慧移動聯盟（HIMA）超級充電站：1200個

廣汽集團旗下擁有1205座超級充電站。到2026年，廣汽集團的目標是再增加1萬充電站，進一步鞏固在主導地位。

Voyah 的超級充電站：104 個（原計劃 200 個）。雄心勃勃的最初計劃是到 2026 年建造 1000 個充電站。

奇瑞「Volt-dragon Charger」：於2026年3月發售。目前，奇瑞「Volt-dragon Charger」在網路部署方面仍處於推出階段。 2026年的核心挑戰是在10個城市完成首批100座V2G示範站的建設，並檢驗經營模式。其宏偉目標是到2029年分階段建成2萬座示範站。

例如，比亞迪採用了「旗艦站+衛星站+社區站」的三級網路架構，並計畫透過車輛、充電站、儲能設備和網路之間的緊密協調，大規模部署兆瓦級閃充站，加速建設覆蓋全國、電網友善型、超快充電網路。 2025年至2026年間，比亞迪的兆瓦級閃充站第一代和第二代產品均取得了突破性進展：

1MW (1000kW) 閃充 1.0 (2025)：總輸出功率為 1360kW，單槍峰值輸出功率為 1000kW，單槍電流為 1000A。充電 5 分鐘即可提供約 400 公里的續航里程。滿功率運行時，一次只能為一輛車充電；同時為兩輛車充電會因功率分配而顯著降低輸出功率。

2100kW 閃充 2.0（2026 年）：額定最大輸出功率為 2100kW（2.1MW），單一峰值輸出功率可達 1500kW。充電 5 分鐘即可增加約 480-500 公里的續航里程。從 10% 充到 97% 僅需 9 分鐘，接近汽油車的加油速度。配備 T 型雙槍，可靈活共用充電功率。

單車充電：1500kW 超快閃充；

同時為兩輛車充電時：兩把充電槍共用2100kW 的功率，讓兩輛車都能保持高功率，因此它們不會爭搶功率，從而降低充電速度。

改良的散熱和硬體：採用全水冷懸吊式滑軌設計，充電槍重量僅2kg，單手即可輕鬆操作。升級後的SiC功率模組可提供1000V/1500A的穩定輸出，即使在-30 度C的極寒環境下也能最大限度地減少充電輸出的下降。

擴展相容儲能系統的容量：第二代充電站標配大容量儲能櫃，並具有抑低尖峰負載功能。

兆瓦充電站的大規模生產已經開始：乘用車兆瓦級充電站的大規模建設正在進行中，同時也全面部署用於商用車輛，包括幹線物流和重型卡車。

兆瓦級快速充電技術（輸出功率1000千瓦或以上）正成為推動新能源汽車全面電氣化的關鍵突破。兆瓦級充電通常採用全系列1000伏特或以上的高壓架構，一些商用車解決方案正在向1250伏特至1500伏特的電壓發展。

在乘用車領域，兆瓦級快充正從豪華車型的專屬配置逐漸普及到所有車型。目前，提供乘用車兆瓦級充電站的三大廠商分別是比亞迪（1.5MW）、ZEEKR V4（1.3MW）和華為（1MW乘用車解決方案）。這三家廠商均採用全域1000V/水冷/儲能或電力聯營架構。比亞迪是乘用車兆瓦級充電技術的積極倡導者，甚至將兆瓦級充電技術應用於售價11萬元的車型（例如Seal 06/Song Ultra）。

與乘用車相比，商用車（尤其是重型卡車）的電池容量更大，對充電效率的要求也更高。兆瓦級快充可將重型卡車的充電時間縮短至15分鐘內，從而全面實現重型卡車燃油替代電動的商業性封閉回路型。中國正經歷最快速的大規模商業化進程，華為、比亞迪、ZEEKR、TELD、Winline Technology和國家電​​網公司等企業已開始在高速公路、礦區和港口等地開展商業運營，預計今年將發布兆瓦級快充的國家標準。在北美，技術規範的製定和第一階段走廊試點計畫仍在進行中；而在歐洲，Milence和AFIR正在引領公共MCS走廊的建設。

商用車兆瓦級充電與乘用車兆瓦級充電的比較：

通用：

a. 兩者都採用 1000V 或更高的高壓平台和 SiC 功率晶片。

b. 所有連接（電池側+充電站+充電槍）都需要液冷。

c. 在所有情況下，都必須採取措施解決對電網的影響（整合儲能和充電/利用太陽能發電、儲能和充電的微電網/V2mG）。

區別：

a. 電池容量：商用車的電池容量是乘用車的 3 到 4 倍；

b. 充電速度：商用車的兆瓦級充電速度低於乘用車。這主要是因為商用車的電池容量較大；

c.乘用車兆瓦級充電和商用車兆瓦級充電屬於不同的標準體系，它們的介面不相容，它們的協定也不互通。

d. 充電介面：對於商用車兆瓦級充電，使用MCS專用倒三角連接器；而對於乘用車兆瓦級充電，則使用與快速充電相同的充電介面；

e. 電網連接：商用車使用 10kV 至 110kV 的直接連接進行兆瓦級充電，而乘用車的電網連接電壓低於商用車。

f.溫度控管：商用車輛兆瓦級充電的散熱標準更加嚴格，傳統的空氣冷卻方法在 3000A 電流下達到其物理極限。

兆瓦級充電必然會導致「車輛、充電站和網路」的更深層融合。

1. 太陽能發電、儲能和充電的整合：兆瓦級充電站將標配儲能系統。這些系統將用於抑低尖峰負載，減輕高功率充電對電網的瞬時衝擊。

2. 車網互動供電（V2G）：透過聚合眾多大型卡車和乘用車的電池資源，建造虛擬電廠。例如，在唐山，超過10萬輛大型卡車聚集在一起參與電網調峰，並在用電低谷時段充電。這不僅滿足了充電需求，還支持了電網的峰谷調峰，並提供了經濟補償。

3. 建立標準體系：中國工業和資訊化部（工信部）已將商用車兆瓦級充電列為重點發展項目，並正在推進建立國家推薦標準體系，涵蓋充電介面、電流分配、冷卻和通訊，以支持重型卡車等車輛類型的高速充電。

汽車超級充電系統的能量互動系統正在從單向充電發展到具有雙向互動和多能源來源協調的3D網路，包括 V2G、電網形成超級充電、太陽能發電、儲存、充電和交換的整合，以及車輛和充電站之間的深度協調。

汽車超級充電系統基於「互動物件和能量流」建構了四種能量互動模型，並基於「功能層次」分類了三個層級：物理層、平台層和戰略層。其核心關係如下：V2X構成基礎層的功能；微電網/V2mG和併網超級充電提供物理基礎；虛擬電廠、有序充電和能量管理/信任機制實現平台聚合；而透過自動駕駛實現的自主調度則代表了未來的最終形態。

1. 車輛到電網供電（V2G）正在擴展，車輛正在轉變為「移動儲能池」。

新能源車的角色正從單純的交通工具轉變為新型電力系統的儲能設備。透過利用V2G（車網互動）技術，電動車可以實現雙向能量流動，在用電低谷時儲存能量，並在尖峰時段輸送電力。國家「十五」規劃明確指出，到2030年，V2G技術實現的可調充電總容量將達到約50GW。透過參與抑低尖峰負載、虛擬電廠和聚合交易，大量的新能源汽車將成為可由電網靈活調配的行動儲能資源，實現交通運輸與能源系統的深度整合。

2. 電網形成超級充電技術建構新的電力系統節點。

網狀快速充電代表了快速充電技術發展的最新方向。其核心理念在於在充電站內部建置獨立的微電網/V2mG（車輛到微電網）。這使得超級充電站能夠透過「網狀儲能+太陽能發電、儲能和充電一體化」自主設定電壓和頻率，而無需完全依賴外部電網的容量或穩定性，從根本上解決了高功率超級充電對電網的影響。網狀超級充電技術正透過創造成本降低、效率提升和排放減少這三大價值，推動充電基礎設施從單純的充電服務轉型為綜合能源服務供應商。

併網式超級充電代表超級充電基礎設施從「依賴電網」到「建構自有電網」的模式轉移，是解決高功率充電與電網容量衝突的關鍵技術途徑。目前，併網式超級充電技術正進入大規模實用化階段，並已成為各大公司重要的策略發展方向。

PISEN VAULT：我們與北京理工大學深圳汽車研究院合作，發布了“兆瓦級太陽能發電儲能超級充電——綠色電力直接連接技術解決方案”，並在深圳龍崗區成功推出了首個併網太陽能發電、儲能、充電、放電一體化示範站。

華為數位能源：該公司提案的分散式微電網/V2mG解決方案，將兆瓦級快速充電與透過太陽能發電和儲能實現的電網連接相結合，已在山東和廣東兩省的眾多高速物流路線和重型卡車路線上廣泛實施，透過支持重型卡車的電氣化，有助於降低成本和減少二氧化碳排放。

國網河北電力：在河北省北部的張家口市，該市首個集太陽能發電、儲能、快速充電和V2G於一體的城市級綜合快速充電站已投入運作，為「車輛、充電站、電網、能源」的協調運行樹立了示範場景。

遠景集團：該公司發布的「人工智慧超級儲能充電網路」利用人工智慧演算法和智慧微電網控制，實現儲能和充電之間的高效協調，從而支持電網解決配電網中的各種細節問題。

3. 透過整合太陽能發電、儲能、充電和換能，建構微電網/V2mG緩衝生態系統。

隨著兆瓦級閃充等超高高功率充電技術的引入，電網負載壓力已成為最大的瓶頸。超級充電能量互動系統正快速朝向太陽能發電、儲能、充電和換電一體化方向發展。充電站將與太陽能發電和儲能系統（ESS）深度整合。儲能系統透過在電力低谷時段儲存電能，並在用電尖峰負載時段釋放電能，來緩解高功率充電對電網的瞬時衝擊。同時，快速充電和換電模式正朝著場景化整合方向發展。超級充電換電一體化網站將利用共用的預製變電站和充電模組，顯著降低能量轉換損耗，並建立更有效率、更具適應性的微電網/V2mG充電架構。

短期來看：工業園區和港口主導規模化發展，鄉村和城鎮的微電網/V2mG示範計畫將加速推進。

中期目標：微電網/V2mG叢集將透過虛擬電廠的聚合“接入電網”，參與電力市場交易和電網支援服務；

從長遠來看：微電網/V2mG 將成為新型電力系統的“標準單元”，與主電網協同工作，形成由“主電網、配電網和微電網”組成的三層協作系統，從而實現精確的能源生產、高效的儲能和智慧的電力分配。

4. 透過自動駕駛實現自主調度，以及所有環節的智慧互通性。

自動駕駛和自主調度代表了V2G發展的最終方向。這將從根本解決虛擬電廠的調度問題，使電動車從被動控制的分散式資源轉變為自主移動的儲能載體。

當自動駕駛的「移動能力」與V2G的「能源能力」深度融合時，所有電動車都將成為能夠自主移動、決策和交易的微型發電廠。這不僅是充電方式的革命，更是交通運輸系統與能源系統融合的終極形態。

目錄

第1章：充電和換卡基礎設施概述、政策、標準和發展趨勢

• 充電與換電站基礎設施 - 網路系統概述
• 分類模式
• 充電介面標準與分類
• 充電速率
• 智慧管理充電/靈活充電/虛擬電廠
• 研究框架
• 超級充電體驗由充電站、車輛和電網三者組成，形成封閉回路型。
• 關鍵相關人員
• 充電和換電基礎設施－促進和指南設施的政策。
• 中國充電和換卡基礎設施總體藍圖（2025-2035 年預測）
• 促進高速公路方案的政策（1）（2）
• 城市公共空間推廣政策
• 財政輔助政策（1）（2）
• 充電設施的全球標準
• 國際標準概述
• 國際標準中的技術合作與角色分工
• 全球標準的發展趨勢與演變方向
• 世界級兆瓦級快速充電技術取得了技術進步
• 世界標準充電介面（1）（2）
• 中國充電設施標準
• 中國標準的趨勢與發展
• 中國實施標準概述
• GB 39752-2024《電動車導電電源設備安全要求》的說明（1）（2）
• GB 46519-2025《電動車電源設備的最低允許值與能源效率等級》的說明（1）至（3）
• GB/T 27930.2-2024 直流充電的發展（1）（2）
• GB/T 27930.2-2024（1）至（20）的解釋
• GB 44263-2024《電動汽車電導式充電系統安全要求》第（1）至（4）條的解釋
• 與高性能超級充電電池相關的標準
• 電池性能與安全標準：全球框架
• 電池效能和安全標準：列表
• 電池效能與安全標準—中國的框架
• 中國標準概述
• GB 38031-2025《電動車驅動電池安全需求》的技術趨勢
• GB 38031-2025《電動車驅動電池安全要求》的說明（1）-（5）
• GB/T 31486 電動車驅動電池的電氣性能要求和試驗方法
• GB/T 31486-2024與GB/T 31486-2015比較
• GB/T 31486-2024（1）-（3）的解釋
• GB/T 31484 電動車驅動電池循環壽命的要求與試驗方法
• GB/T 31484 (1) (2) 的解釋
• GB/T 31467-2023 電動車用鋰離子驅動電池組和系統的電氣性能試驗方法 (1) (2)
• 充電與換電基礎設施－發展趨勢
• 超級充電系統的發展趨勢：車輛、充電站和電池技術
• 增壓系統中車輛的關鍵要求
• 快速充電系統－車輛、充電站和電池市場規模（2030 年預測）
• 中國新能源汽車的銷售和保有量數據
• 2030年新能源汽車保有量預測
• 電動車和插電式混合動力車的運作數量（數據表）
• 預計到 2026 年，新能源汽車銷售將創歷史新高，佔汽車總銷量的 50% 以上。
• 國內銷售額與出口額之比
• 中國新能源乘用車銷量
• 國內銷售+出口量 - 按動力傳動系統細分
• 國內銷售 + 出口 - 車身造型趨勢
• 國內銷售額+各品牌出口數據
• 按車型分類的國內銷售+出口數據
• 中國每輛新能源汽車的電池容量
• 按車型分類的每輛車平均電池容量
• 中國電動車電池容量/續航里程

第2章：透過原始設備製造商建構包含車輛、充電站和電網的全鏈路充電生態系統

• OEM高壓汽車架構是超級充電的核心基礎。
• 汽車增壓系統－增壓實施方案
• 用於新能源汽車的800V高壓架構正在快速發展。
• 目前，新能源汽車正處於從800V充電過渡到全系800V充電的階段。
• 800V高壓汽車架構
• 1000V高壓汽車架構
• 各OEM廠商採用800-1000V高壓架構的車型及銷售數據
• 中國800-1000V高壓架構乘用車銷售數據
• 中國800-1000V高壓架構乘用車車型及其銷售量（1）-（3）
• 4C/5C/6C快充電池OEM廠商的發展現況及趨勢
• 發展策略概述
• 主要汽車製造商在配備高倍率快充電池的車輛方面的研發現狀
• 車輛組成及趨勢（1）至（4）
• 快速充電站/充電站市場主要OEM廠商的發展現況及趨勢
• 主流快速充電站：三種策略方法
• 主流快速充電站解決方案配置對比
• 主要汽車製造商自營超級充電站的數量和計劃
• 主要汽車製造商營運的充電站的建造成本
• 主要汽車製造商超級充電站的選址和建設計畫（1）-（3）
• 產品範例：比亞迪MW閃充站（1）（2）
• 汽車快速充電系統組成零件 - 汽車高壓電源系統
• 汽車動力產品
• 升級至 800V 高壓架構
• 獨立式充電和配電裝置正逐漸成為主流。
• 電源系統與馬達驅動系統的整合
• 電源系統 + BMS/BDU 整合電池盒
• 電源系統 + BMS/BDU 整合電池盒範例 (1) (2)
• 高壓架構的發展趨勢
• 整合式電源系統（CDU）
• 整合式電源單元（CDU）：產品線和設計理念
• 整合式電源裝置（CDU）案例研究
• 汽車增壓系統的組成部分－車載充電器（OBC）
• 車用充電器（OBC）
• 雙向 OBC 電路配置
• OBC依輸出類型分類
• SiC功率元件
• 汽車產品線和設計理念（1）（2）
• 汽車渦輪增壓系統組件 - DC/DC
• 運行原理
• 高壓超級充電架構的汽車產品線與設計概念
• 汽車增壓系統組成部分－碳化矽逆變器
• 高壓超級充電架構的產品線和設計理念（1）（2）
• 汽車增壓系統組件－高壓線束
• 電動車用高壓線束
• 線束開發趨勢
• 高壓架構中線束技術的重構
• 主要供應商的產品及發展趨勢（1）（2）
• 汽車渦輪增壓系統組成部分－高壓直流繼電器
• 定義和運行原理
• 發展趨勢
• 主要供應商及產品列表
• 產品範例（1）（2）
• 超級充電實施方案 - 增壓充電技術
• 增強充電技術
• 400V-800V升壓解決方案
• 技術解決方案
• 技術解決方案分類
• 主要供應商的產品範例

第3章：中國充電與換卡基礎設施的發展及趨勢

• 中國對充電基礎設施（槍枝）的所有權
• 公共充電站/私人充電站
• 車輛擁有率及充電站與車輛比例預測
• 中國各省充電基礎設施（充電樁）擁有情形
• 按運營商分類：中國充電基礎設施（噴嘴）安裝現狀
• 中國公共充電站安裝現狀
• 中國公共充電站現況及建設計畫
• 中國各省公共充電站安裝現狀
• 中國公共充電站的營運商擁有情形
• 中國高速公路服務區充電站的所有權狀況
• 預計到 2025 年，高功率充電噴嘴將佔市場佔有率的 14%。
• 區域分佈
• 中國的海外充電基礎設施
• 海外營運模式
• 海外認證體系
• 重點在於相互承認本地認證和測試結果。
• 大型企業的海外擴張
• 產品範例：兆瓦級閃充（1）（2）
• 產品範例：支援全輸出範圍的產品
• 中國換電站的所有權與建設計畫
• 中國換電站的所有權狀況
• 中國各省換電站所有權狀況
• 中國境內換電站的擁有情形歸企業業者所有
• 在中國策略性部署交換解決方案
• 中國的海外交換方案
• 海外乘用車和重型卡車置換網路
• 海外標準和專利
• 項目範例：蔚來汽車換電站 + 直營系統 + 服務模式
• 產品案例研究：「奇吉能源」海外項目，是寧德時代與八爪魚能源的合作項目。
• 充電站側超級充電系統
• 超高高功率（超級充電）的定義
• 傳統快速充電站與新型超級充電站
• 直流充電站的核心組件：充電站模組
• 主流溫度控管方法
• 太陽能發電、儲能和充電一體化站點解決方案
• 太陽能發電、儲能和充電一體化站點解決方案
• 該解決方案的優勢
• 太陽能發電、儲能和充電系統的整合
• 充電解決方案
• 政策/標準（1）（2）
• 補貼政策和經營模式
• 綜合太陽能發電、儲能、充電、檢查和更換專案的投資預算。
• 綜合太陽能發電、儲能、充電、檢測和換電項目的收入預測。
• 典型專案成本分析
• 太陽能發電、儲能和快速充電解決方案
• 太陽能發電和儲能超級充電解決方案是整合太陽能發電、儲能和充電解決方案的高功率、先進版本。
• 配置模組
• 專案設備相關人員
• 太陽能發電、儲能和超級充電站的成本細分（1）至（4）
• 從演示到實用化
• 項目代表性範例（1）（2）
• 項目範例（1）至（4）
• 華為的資料中心堆疊解決方案
• 發展趨勢（2026-2030 年預測）
• 百萬級充電
• 基本原理：高壓
• 基本原理：高電流、低內阻電池
• 核心原則：儲能與充電的整合，以及併網/通訊協定
• 三級（車輛/充電站/充電槍）散熱架構
• 兆瓦級充電中的液冷技術
• 來自主要供應商的車輛/電池組/充電器散熱系統
• 兆瓦級充電和V2G雙向通訊的新通訊要求（2026年）
• 商用車兆瓦級充電與乘用車兆瓦級充電的比較
• 主要供應商的產品和核心技術概述（1）（2）
• 乘用車兆瓦級充電
• 從技術突破到廣泛應用
• 量產車型
• 乘用車兆瓦級充電站核心參數及技術方案對比
• 產品範例：比亞迪MW閃充電站
• 產品範例：ZEEKR 的 1.2MW 全液冷充電站
• 產品範例：東風汽車首款1.2MW獨立式高功率充電產品
• 產品實施案例研究：中國南方電網兆瓦級超級充電樁
• 商用車兆瓦級充電
• 兆瓦充電系統（MCS）
• MCS V2.4～V3.2
• 商用車輛兆瓦級充電標準
• 商用車兆瓦級充電站核心參數與技術方案比較（1）（2）
• 案例研究：華為全水冷兆瓦級快充解決方案
• 案例研究：英通智聯數位科技公司的兆瓦級充電解決方案
• 充電和電池更換設備的安全要求
• 防雷和接地要求（1）（2）
• 交流充電站的基本要求
• 電源單元的基本能源效率要求

第4章：超級充電電池系統的發展與趨勢

• 高效能超級充電電池的研發路線
• 超級充電系統對動力電池提出了全面而多方面的要求。
• 普通充電電池 VS 高效能快充電池
• 2030年預測：中國4C+快充電池市場規模及競爭格局
• 中國4C+快充電池市場規模（依技術分類）
• 5C快充條件下鈉離子電池、磷酸鐵鋰電池和三元電池循環壽命的比較。
• 將兩家最大電池製造商的技術路線進行比較。
• 快速充電電池的材料分類
• 6C快充電池
• 快速充電電池的重大技術突破
• 6C+ 的邊際效用正在遞減，關鍵在於找到成本和效能之間的平衡。
• 產品供應商及技術規格
• 6C 超級充電電池範例：SVOLT Energy 的固液混合型 6C 超級充電電池
• 6C 超級充電電池案例研究：CALB 的頂級「全能」圓柱體
• 支援 6C 快充且已上市量產的車輛。
• 快速充電電池技術之路—第五代磷酸鋰電池
• 第五代磷酸鐵鋰電池
• 粉末壓縮密度
• 主要供應商的產品參數與技術方案（1）（2）
• 8C超級充電電池殼
• 12C 超級充電電池盒 (1) (2)
• 快速充電電池技術藍圖- LMFP電池
• 技術發展的優點和缺點
• 進程根
• 製造程序：技術差異
• 電池超級充電：代表產品技術的比較
• 超級充電電池：比亞迪第二代刀片電池（LMFP）
• 快速充電電池：CATL M3P
• 快速充電電池：高通高科技第三代「奇辰」電池
• 快速充電電池技術的發展—鈉離子電池
• 當前情況和主要供應商
• 高性能超級充電電池 - 鋰空氣電池
• 鋰空氣電池（Li-O2電池）
• 運行原理
• 四種技術路線的比較（1）
• 四種發展路徑的比較（2）
• 研究重點與突破方向
• 2025-2026 年的重大技術突破
• CATL
• 電池技術的快速發展/產品參數（1）（2）
• 神星系列：第一代/第二代/第三代產品
• 神星系列：第三代神星超快充電池
• 神星系列：第三代神星超快充電池拆解（1）-（7）
• 麒麟系列：第一代/第二代/第三代產品（1）（2）
• 麒麟系列：第三代麒麟電池
• Freevoy系列：第一代與第二代產品
• Freevoy系列：第二代Freevoy超級混合動力電池
• Choco-SEB電池
• Choco-SEB 車站規格
• 一體化快速充電及換電解決方案及建設計畫
• Choco-SEB 車站建設計畫
• SEVB
• - 對單次充電電池和產品平台進行改進 (1) (2)
• 超級充電器電池產品線
• 磷酸鋰電池
• NCM電池
• 圓柱形電池

第5章：超級充電系統中的能量交易 - V2X / 系統級聚合與協調 / 電網支援等。

• 汽車快速充電系統的能源互通性解決方案
• 功能模型的開發階段
• 能量交互作用模式的完整圖景
• 汽車快速充電系統的能量互動系統－其發展歷程
• 基於超級充電的能源交易－管理式充電（V1G）
• V2G率先推出的智慧充電技術。
• 運行原理
• 系統結構
• 通訊協定和標準系統
• 應用場景
• 2026年人工智慧主導的新趨勢
• V1G 與 V2G
• 加速能源交易－點對點能源流動（V2X）
• 點對點能量流 (V2X)
• 關係
• 主要協議/標準（1）
• 主要協議/標準（2）
• 透過雙向車載電腦支援V2X應用
• V2X在增壓系統中的作用
• V2L：場景功率
• V2L：車輛模型佈局
• V2V：場景功率和車輛模型佈局
• V2H：場景功率和佈局
• V2B：場景功率與佈局
• V2G：場景功率與部署
• V2G：超級充電系統的政策支持
• V2G：收益分成
• V2G：中國V2G發展藍圖
• V2G：產業鏈
• 透過超級充電進行能源交易－電網形成超級充電
• 網格形成超級充電
• 架構配置
• 網狀快速充電站系統的架構
• 併網儲能及超充標準系統（1）（2）
• 系統耦合類型與系統跟隨類型
• 情境與趨勢（1）（2）
• 國家電網下併網快速充電站的應用實例（1）（2）
• 奇瑞的「伏特龍充電器」網格化快速充電系統
• 專案案例：華為併網儲能與充電解決方案（1）-（4）
• 企業電網形成技術和產品
• 加速能源交易－虛擬電廠
• 發展優勢
• 在能源網際網路中的定位
• 核心功能
• 政策和標準體系（1）（2）
• 《促進虛擬電廠（VPP）發展指南》
• GB/T 47241-2026 虛擬電廠（VPP）技術指南
• 操作模式
• 市場潛力
• VPP - 代表性平台和案例研究
• 在超級充電站中的作用
• 在超級充電站實施的虛擬電廠計畫（1）（2）
• 發展計劃
• 超級充電中的能源交易—能源管理/合約管理
• 能源管理/合約管理
• 與V2G/超級充電系統的關係
• 增壓系統範例
• 透過超級充電進行能源交易 - 微電網/V2mG
• 微電網/V2mG
• 技術架構
• 直流微電網/V2mG
• 直流微電網/V2mG的典型應用情境和實例。
• 超級充電站中的直流微電網/V2mG
• 超級充電站實施案例研究
• 科技發展趨勢（2026-2030 年預測）
• 超級充電中的能源交易－透過自動駕駛實現自主調度
• 透過自動駕駛實現自主調度
• 自主決策與封閉回路型技術的發展藍圖
• 五層整合（車輛、充電樁、充電站、雲、電網）
• 車隊級人工智慧調度（SAEV 最佳化框架）
• 自動充電：一種技術方法
• 自動充電：主要公司的產品矩陣

第6章：主要汽車製造商充電換電設施及超級充電電池的部署狀況

• BYD
• Geely Group
• Harmony Intelligent Mobility Alliance（HIMA）
• Chery
• Great Wall Motor（GWM）
• GAC Group
• Dongfeng Motor Corporation
• Changan Automobile
• BAIC
• SAIC Motor
• FAW Hongqi
• Tesla
• NIO
• XPeng
• Xiaomi Auto
• Leapmotor
• SAIC-GM-Wuling
• Volkswagen
• BMW
• Daimler
• Volvo

Charging and battery swapping research: as 5C+ supercharging vehicle models go into mass production, the pace of OEMs self-building supercharging networks quickens

800-1000V high-voltage platforms are fully popularized, and 5C supercharging vehicle models are mass-produced

In 2026, with the full popularity of 800-1000V high-voltage platforms, high-rate supercharging batteries (5C and above) become the core arena for mainstream OEMs. Each brand has made in-depth layout in battery technology, charging rate and recharging network. High-rate fast charging (5C and above) has become the focus of competition among major OEMs. At the same time, 800V high-voltage platforms have spread to the mainstream family car (RMB150,000-200,000) market.

BYD: It has extensive layout in the field of supercharging. U9, a model of its high-end brand Yangwang, has a charging rate of 6C. Denza-branded vehicle models (such as Denza N7 and D9DM) boast 3C, and mainstream vehicle models such as Song LEV and Han EV offer 2C. In addition, BYD's newly released second-generation blade battery and flash charging technology can achieve extremely fast recharging from 10% to 70% in just 5 minutes and from 10% to 97% in only 9 minutes at room temperature. BYD has extended 800V flash charging technology to vehicle models worth hundreds of thousands of yuan (such as Song Ultra EV and Sea Lion 06 EV).

Li Auto: Featuring the 5C supercharging, the representative vehicle model Li MEGA is equipped with a 5C Qilin battery, which enables a range of 500 kilometers in 12 minutes. The next-generation Li L6 also supports 5C supercharging, and it can be charged from 20% to 80% in just 12 minutes.

Xiaomi Auto: Xiaomi SU7 Ultra (2025) features 5.2C supercharging, which takes only about 12 minutes to charge from 10% to 80%. It can be charged in 15 minutes for a range of about 620 kilometers, with a peak power of over 400kW.

XPeng: The typical vehicle model XPeng GX can be charged from 10% to 80% in only 11.7 minutes thanks to 5C supercharging.

ZEEKR (Geely): ZEEKR 007 boasts 5.5C high-rate fast charging, which can be completed in about 10 minutes; ZEEKR 8X is equipped with a 6C battery, which can be charged from 20% to 80% in only 9 minutes. The new version of ZEEKR 001 carries the 5C version of Shenxing Battery for the first time.

The realization of vehicle supercharging requires high-voltage automotive architectures and supercharging piles with a power of more than 600kW. OEMs not only need to develop vehicle models with high-voltage architectures and supercharging piles (such as BYD's single-gun 1500kW flash charging pile), but also promote the construction of Microgrid/V2mG featuring "storage-charging integration" with pile companies and grids to handle the instantaneous impact of high-power charging on power grids.

• Top OEMs: build large-scale supercharging networks, and focus on ultra-fast recharging experience

With the popularization of high-rate supercharging battery technology, the supercharging station construction by OEMs is moving from independent efforts to a new stage of ecosystem co-construction. By mainstream supercharging station solution/configuration, OEM charging network construction involves four main modes:

1. OEMs (ZEEKR, Li Auto, XPeng, Tesla) develop and operate their own supercharging networks;

2. Huawei sells supercharging system solutions to operators/OEMs (it does not have to build self-operated stations across the country);

3. NIO adopts the combination of swapping and supercharging;

4. BYD boasts megawatt-level supercharging and hardcore energy storage technology.

By the end of June 2026, the number of self-operated supercharging stations of major domestic mainstream OEMs are as follows:

BYD's flash charging stations: 7,018. In 2026, BYD's flash charging station construction plan mainly revolves around the "Flash Charging China" strategy, with the core goal of building 20,000 stations by the end of the year.

Li Auto's supercharging stations: 4,092

XPeng's supercharging stations: 2,650

Tesla China's supercharging stations: 2,600

NIO's supercharging stations (excluding swapping stations): 1,765. NIO's plan and latest construction progress released in 2026 closely focuses on "comprehensive expansion of charging and swapping networks" and "upgrading of fifth-generation swapping stations".

ZEEKR's self-operated supercharging stations: 1,236

Huawei Harmony Intelligent Mobility Alliance (HIMA)'s supercharging stations: 1,200

GAC Aion's supercharging stations: 1,205. In 2026, GAC will sprint towards the goal of adding 10,000 charging piles to further consolidate its leading position in the OEM self-built supercharging networks.

Voyah's supercharging stations: 104 (200 originally planned). Its original radical plan was to build 1,000 stations by 2026.

Chery Volt-dragon Charger: Released in March 2026. At present, Chery's Volt-dragon Charger is still in the startup stage in terms of network layout. The core task in 2026 is to complete the construction and business model verification of the first batch of 100 V2G demonstration stations in 10 cities, and the ambitious goal of building 20,000 stations will be gradually fulfilled by 2029.

For example: BYD plans to use a three-level network architecture of flagship station + satellite station + community station for large-scale deployment of megawatt flash charging stations through the in-depth vehicle-pile-storage-network coordination to accelerate the construction of a nationwide, grid-friendly, extremely fast recharging network. From 2025 to 2026, BYD's megawatt flash charging stations achieved breakthroughs in first- and second-generation products:

1MW (1000kW) Flash Charger 1.0 (2025): The total power is 1360kW, the peak power of a single gun is 1000kW, and the current of a single gun is 1000A. A range of about 400 kilometers can be achieved after 5 minutes of charging. It can only charge a single vehicle at full power; charging two vehicles simultaneously will result in a significant power reduction due to power diversion.

2100kW Flash Charger 2.0 (2026): The rated maximum output power is 2100kW (2.1 MW), the peak power of a single gun is 1500kW. A range of about 480-500 kilometers can be achieved after 5 minutes of charging. It only takes 9 minutes to go from 10% to 97%, which is close to the refueling speed of a fuel vehicle. T-type dual-gun flexible power sharing:

Only one vehicle is charged: 1500kW ultra-fast flash charging;

Two vehicles are charged at the same time: the two guns share 2100kW, and both vehicles can maintain high power and will not compete with each other for power to make charging slow down.

Heat dissipation and hardware iteration: with fully liquid-cooled suspension slide design, a charging gun only weighs 2kg, easy to operate with one hand; SiC power module upgrade, 1000V/1500A stable output, minimal charging attenuation in -30°C extreme cold environment.

Capacity expansion of supporting energy storage system: The second-generation pile is equipped with a large-capacity energy storage cabinet as standard, which has the capability of peak-shaving and valley-filling.

Mass production of megawatt charging stations has started: passenger car megawatt charging stations are being constructed on a large scale, and commercial vehicles have fully expanded into trunk logistics/heavy truck scenarios

Megawatt supercharging technology (power reaching 1,000 kilowatts and above) is becoming a key breakthrough to promote the full electrification of new energy vehicles. Megawatt charging generally adopts full-domain 1000V and above high-voltage architectures, and some commercial vehicle solutions have been advanced to 1250V-1500V.

In the passenger car field, megawatt supercharging is moving from being a must-have for high-end vehicle models to becoming popular among all vehicle models. Top three companies in passenger car megawatt piles: BYD (1.5MW) > ZEEKR V4 (1.3MW) > Huawei (1MW passenger car solution). All three companies adopt full-domain 1000V/liquid-cooled/energy storage or power pool architectures. BYD has decentralized megawatt charging to RMB110,000 vehicle models (Seal 06/Song Ultra) as the most aggressive proponent of the passenger car megawatt charging route.

Compared with passenger cars, commercial vehicles (especially heavy trucks) have huge battery capacities and require extremely high charging efficiency. MW supercharging can compress the recharging time of heavy trucks to less than 15 minutes, completely opening up the commercial closed loop of replacing fuel with electricity for heavy trucks. China sees the fastest large-scale commercialization: Huawei, BYD, ZEEKR, TELD, Winline Technology, State Grid, etc. have started commercial operations in trunk lines/mining areas/ports, and national standards for megawatt charging are expected to be released within the year. North America is still formulating technical specifications and conducting the first batch of corridor pilots, and Europe relies on Milence/AFIR to promote public MCS corridors.

Commercial Vehicle Megawatt Charging VS Passenger Car Megawatt Charging:

-Similarity:

a.Both adopt 1000V and above high voltage platforms + SiC power chips

b.Both require full-link liquid cooling (battery end + pile + gun)

c.Both need to handle power grid impact (storage-charging integration/photovoltaic-storage-charging Microgrid/V2mG)

-Difference:

a.Battery capacity: The battery capacity of commercial vehicles is 3-4 times higher than that of passenger cars;

b.Charging rate: The charging rate of commercial vehicle megawatt charging is lower than passenger car megawatt charging, mainly because the commercial vehicle battery capacity is higher;

c.Passenger car megawatt charging and commercial vehicle megawatt charging belong to two separate standard systems, with incompatible interfaces and non-interoperable protocols;

d.Charging interface: Commercial vehicle megawatt charging uses an MCS-specific inverted triangle connector, while passenger car megawatt charging uses the same charging interface as fast charging;

e.Grid access: Commercial vehicle megawatt charging involves 10kV~110kV direct connection, but the grid access voltage of passenger cars is lower than that of commercial vehicles;

f.Thermal management: Commercial vehicle megawatt charging heat dissipation standards are higher, and traditional air cooling has reached the physical limit at 3000A current.

Megawatt charging will inevitably develop toward the in-depth collaboration of "vehicle-station-network":

1.Photovoltaic-storage-charging integration: Megawatt charging stations will be equipped with energy storage systems as standard, using energy storage to cut peaks and fill valleys, and smooth the instantaneous impact of high-power charging on the bulk power grid.

2.Vehicle-to-grid (V2G): A virtual power plant is built by aggregating the battery resources of massive heavy trucks or passenger cars. For example, Tangshan has gathered more than 100,000 heavy trucks to participate in power grid regulation and charge during low load periods, which not only meets recharging needs, but also assists the power grid in peak regulation and obtains financial compensation.

3.Standard system construction: The National Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of China (MIIT) has included megawatt charging of commercial vehicles into crucial deployment and promotes the formation of a national recommended standard system covering charging interfaces, diversion, cooling and communications to support the high-speed charging of vehicle models such as heavy trucks.

The energy interaction system of the automotive supercharging system has evolved from one-way recharging to a three-dimensional network with two-way interaction and multi-energy-source collaboration, including V2G, grid-forming supercharging, photovoltaic-storage-charging-swapping integration, and vehicle-pile in-depth collaboration

The automotive supercharging system has four energy interaction models by "interaction object and energy flow", and three layers - physical layer, platform layer and strategy layer by "functional level". The core relationship is: V2X constitutes the underlying layer capability, Microgrid/V2mG and grid-forming supercharging provide the physical carrier, virtual power plants, orderly charging and energy management/trusteeship realize platform aggregation, autonomous driving self-scheduling represents the ultimate form of the future.

1.Vehicle-to-grid (V2G) is scaled up, and vehicles are transformed into "mobile energy storage pools"

The positioning of new energy vehicles is changing from a simple means of transportation to a storage device for new power systems. Relying on V2G (two-way charging and discharging) technology, electric vehicles can realize two-way energy flow of low valley power storage and peak power supply. The national "15th Five-Year Plan" has clearly stated that by 2030, the aggregated adjustable charging scale enabled by V2G (Vehicle-to-Grid) will reach approximately 50GW. By participating in peak shaving and valley filling, virtual power plants and aggregation transactions, massive new energy vehicles will become mobile energy storage resources that can be flexibly dispatched by the power grid, achieving deep integration of transportation and energy systems.

2.Grid-forming supercharging technology builds new power system nodes

Grid-forming supercharging is the latest direction in the evolution of supercharging technology. The core idea is to build an independent Microgrid/V2mG in charging stations, so that supercharging stations no longer completely rely on the capacity and stability of the external power grid, but independently establish voltage and frequency through "grid-forming energy storage + photovoltaic-storage-charging integration" to fundamentally handle the impact of high-power supercharging on the power grid. Grid-forming supercharging technology is promoting the transformation of charging infrastructure from a single recharging service to a comprehensive energy service provider through triple (cost reduction, efficiency improvement and emission reduction) value creation.

Grid-forming supercharging represents the paradigm shift of supercharging infrastructure from "depending on the grid" to "self-building the grid", and is the key technical path to solve the contradiction between high-power charging and grid carrying capacity. So far, grid-forming supercharging technology has entered the stage of large-scale application and has become a key layout direction for leading companies in the industry.

PISEN VAULT: In conjunction with Shenzhen Automotive Research Institute of Beijing Institute of Technology, it released the "Photovoltaic-Storage Megawatt Supercharging - Green Electricity Direct Connection Technology Solution" and successfully launched the first grid-forming photovoltaic-storage-charging-discharging integrated demonstration station in Longgang District, Shenzhen;

Huawei Digital Energy: The distributed Microgrid/V2mG solution of "megawatt supercharging + photovoltaic-storage grid-forming" proposed by it has been deployed on a large scale in many high-speed logistics trunk lines and heavy truck operating areas in Shandong and Guangdong to help the electrification of heavy trucks so as to reduce costs and carbon emissions;

State Grid Jibei Electric Power: The first city-level comprehensive supercharging port in Zhangjiakou that integrates photovoltaics, energy storage, supercharging, and V2G in northern Hebei has been put into operation to create a "vehicle-station-grid-energy" collaborative demonstration scenario;

Envision Group: The "Artificial Intelligence Super Storage and Charging Network" released by it uses AI algorithms and intelligent microgrid control to achieve efficient coordination of energy storage and charging, helping the power grid solve capillary problems on the distribution network.

3.Photovoltaic-storage-charging-swapping integration builds a Microgrid/V2mG buffer ecosystem

With the implementation of ultra-high-power charging technologies such as megawatt flash charging, the load-bearing pressure on the power grid has become the biggest bottleneck. The supercharging energy interaction system is accelerating towards "photovoltaic-storage-charging-swap integration". Charging stations will be deeply integrated with photovoltaic power generation and energy storage system (ESS) which stores electricity during off-peak hours and discharges at peak load, mitigating instantaneous impact on the bulk power grid caused by high-power charging. At the same time, supercharging and swapping modes are moving toward scenario-based integration. supercharging-swapping integrated stations leverage shared prefabricated substations and charging modules to significantly reduce energy conversion losses and build a more efficient and adaptable recharging Microgrid/V2mG architecture.

Short-term: Industrial parks and ports take the lead in scaling up, and Microgrid/V2mG pilots in villages and towns are accelerated;

Mid-term: Microgrid/V2mG clusters "go on the grid" through virtual power plant aggregation and participate in power market transactions and grid auxiliary services;

Long-term: Microgrid/V2mG becomes the "standard unit" of the new power system, forming a three-layer "main-distribution-micro" collaborative system with the main grid to achieve precise production, efficient storage and intelligent distribution of energy.

4.Autonomous driving self-scheduling, full-link intelligent interaction

Autonomous driving self-scheduling is the ultimate evolutionary direction of V2G. It fundamentally solves the dispatch problem of VPPs and transforms electric vehicles from passively regulated dispersed resources into autonomous mobile energy storage agents.

When the "mobility capability" of autonomous driving is deeply integrated with the "energy capability" of V2G, every electric vehicle will be a micro power plant that moves autonomously, makes decisions, and trades autonomously. This is not only a revolution in recharging methods, but also the ultimate form of integration of transportation and energy systems.

Table of Contents

1 Overview, Policies, Standards and Development Trends of Charging and Swapping Infrastructure

• 1.1 Charging and Swapping Infrastructure - Network System Overview
• Classification Modes
• Charging Interface Standards and Classifications
• Charge Rate
• Intelligent Managed Charging/Flexible Charging/VPP
• Research Framework
• The Trinity of Pile-Vehicle-Grid Marks the Closed Loop of Supercharging Experience
• Main Participants
• 1.2 Charging and Swapping Infrastructure -Promotion and Guiding Policies
• China's Overall Roadmap for Charging and Swapping Infrastructure, 2025-2035E
• Highway Scenario Promotion Policies (1)
• Highway Scenario Promotion Policies (2)
• Urban Public Space Promotion Policies
• Financial Subsidy Policies (1)
• Financial Subsidy Policies (2)
• 1.3 Standards Related to Global Charging Facilities
• Summary of Global Standards
• Global Standard Technology Collaboration and Role Division
• Development Trends and Evolution Directions of Global Standards
• Technical Evolution of Global Megawatt Supercharging Technology
• Global Standard Charging Interfaces (1)
• Global Standard Charging Interfaces (2)
• 1.4 Standards Related to Charging Facilities in China
• Development and Trends of China Standards
• Summary of China's Implementation Standards
• Interpretation of GB 39752-2024 Safety Requirements of Electric Vehicle Conductive Supply Equipment (1)
• Interpretation of GB 39752-2024 Safety Requirements of Electric Vehicle Conductive Supply Equipment (2)
• Interpretation of GB 46519-2025 Minimum Allowable Values of Energy Efficiency and Energy Efficiency Grades for Electric Vehicle Power Supply Equipment (1)
• Interpretation of GB 46519-2025 Minimum Allowable Values of Energy Efficiency and Energy Efficiency Grades for Electric Vehicle Power Supply Equipment (2)
• Interpretation of GB 46519-2025 Minimum Allowable Values of Energy Efficiency and Energy Efficiency Grades for Electric Vehicle Power Supply Equipment (3)
• GB/T 27930.2-2024 DC Charging Evolution Route (1)
• GB/T 27930.2-2024 DC Charging Evolution Route (2)
• Interpretation of GB/T 27930.2-2024 (1)
• Interpretation of GB/T 27930.2-2024 (2)
• Interpretation of GB/T 27930.2-2024 (3)
• Interpretation of GB/T 27930.2-2024 (4)
• Interpretation of GB/T 27930.2-2024 (17)
• Interpretation of GB/T 27930.2-2024 (18)
• Interpretation of GB/T 27930.2-2024 (19)
• Interpretation of GB/T 27930.2-2024 (20)
• Interpretation of GB 44263-2024 Safety Requirements for Electric Vehicle Conductive Charging System (1)
• Interpretation of GB 44263-2024 Safety Requirements for Electric Vehicle Conductive Charging System (2)
• Interpretation of GB 44263-2024 Safety Requirements for Electric Vehicle Conductive Charging System (3)
• Interpretation of GB 44263-2024 Safety Requirements for Electric Vehicle Conductive Charging System (4)
• 1.5 Standards Related to High-performance Supercharging Batteries
• Battery Performance/Safety Standards: Global Framework
• Battery Performance/Safety Standards: List
• Battery Performance/Safety Standards - Chinese Framework
• Summary of Chinese Standards
• Technical Trends of GB 38031-2025 Electric Vehicles Traction Battery Safety Requirements
• Interpretation of GB 38031-2025 Electric Vehicles Traction Battery Safety Requirements (1)
• Interpretation of GB 38031-2025 Electric Vehicles Traction Battery Safety Requirements (2)
• Interpretation of GB 38031-2025 Electric Vehicles Traction Battery Safety Requirements (3)
• Interpretation of GB 38031-2025 Electric Vehicles Traction Battery Safety Requirements (4)
• Interpretation of GB 38031-2025 Electric Vehicles Traction Battery Safety Requirements (5)
• GB/T 31486 Electrical Performance Requirements and Test Methods for Traction Battery of Electric Vehicle
• GB/T 31486-2024 VS GB/T 31486-2015
• Interpretation of GB/T 31486-2024 (1)
• Interpretation of GB/T 31486-2024 (2)
• Interpretation of GB/T 31486-2024 (3)
• GB/T 31484 Cycle Life Requirements and Test Methods for Traction Battery of Electric Vehicle
• Interpretation of GB/T 31484 (1)
• Interpretation of GB/T 31484 (2)
• GB/T 31467-2023 Electrical Performance Test Methods for Lithium-ion Traction Battery Pack and System of Electric Vehicles (1)
• GB/T 31467-2023 Electrical Performance Test Methods for Lithium-ion Traction Battery Pack and System of Electric Vehicles (2)
• 1.6 Charging and Swapping Infrastructure - Development Trends
• Development Trends of Supercharging System Vehicle-Pile-Battery Technology
• Supercharging System's Core Requirements for Vehicles
• Supercharging System - Vehicle-Pile-Battery Market Size, 2030E
• 1.7 China's New Energy Vehicle Sales Volume/Ownership
• New Energy Vehicle Ownership, 2030E
• EV&PHEV Ownership (Data Table)
• New Energy Vehicle Sales Volume Sets a New High in 2026, Accounting for More Than 50% of the Total Vehicle Sales Volume
• Ratio of Domestic Sales Volume + Export Volume
• 1.8 China's New Energy Passenger Car Sales Volume
• Domestic Sales Volume + Export Volume - Powertrain Route Differentiation
• Domestic Sales Volume + Export Volume - Body Style Trends
• Domestic Sales Volume + Export Volume by Brand
• Domestic Sales Volume + Export Volume by Vehicle Model
• 1.9 Battery Capacity Per New Energy Vehicle in China
• Average Battery Capacity Per Vehicle by Vehicle Model
• Battery Capacity/Range of Battery-Electric Passenger Cars in China

2 "Vehicle-Pile-Grid" Full-Link Recharging Ecosystem of OEMs

• 2.1 OEM High-Voltage Automotive Architecture Is the Core Foundation for Supercharging
• Automotive Supercharging System-Supercharging Implementation Approaches
• New Energy Vehicle 800V High-Voltage Architecture Enters A Boom Period
• Currently, New Energy Vehicles Are in the Transition from 800V Charging to Full-Domain 800V
• 800V High-Voltage Automotive Architecture - 400V to 800V Design Solutions
• 800V High-Voltage Automotive Architecture - High-Voltage Electrical Topology
• 800V High-Voltage Automotive Architecture - Components and Parts Requiring Upgrades
• 800V High-Voltage Automotive Architecture - Vehicle Component Upgrade Selection
• 800V High-Voltage Automotive Architecture - Vehicle Component Upgrade Selection: Cost Analysis
• 1000V High-Voltage Automotive Architecture - Next-Gen Technology Direction of High-Voltage Architecture for New Energy Vehicles
• 1000V High-Voltage Automotive Architecture - Status Quo of 1000V High-Voltage Vehicles
• 1000V High-Voltage Automotive Architecture - 1500V Silicon Carbide (SiC) Power Modules
• 2.2 Vehicle Models with 800-1000V High-Voltage Architecture of OEMs and Sales Volume
• Sales Volume of Passenger Cars with 800-1000V High-Voltage Architecture in China
• Passenger Car Models with 800-1000V High-Voltage Architecture and Sales Volume in China (1)
• Passenger Car Models with 800-1000V High-Voltage Architecture and Sales Volume in China (2)
• Passenger Car Models with 800-1000V High-Voltage Architecture and Sales Volume in China (3)
• 2.3 Layout of OEMs in 4C/5C/6C Supercharging Batteries and Trends
• Summary of Development Strategies
• Layout of Mainstream OEMs in Vehicle Models Fitted with High-Rate Supercharging Batteries
• Vehicle Model Layout and Trends (1)
• Vehicle Model Layout and Trends (2)
• Vehicle Model Layout and Trends (3)
• Vehicle Model Layout and Trends (4)
• 2.4 Layout of OEMs in Supercharging Station/Pile Market and Trends
• Mainstream Supercharging Stations: Three Strategic Approaches
• Configuration Comparison of Mainstream Supercharging Station Solutions
• Number and Planning of Self-Operated Supercharging Stations of Mainstream OEMs
• Construction Costs of Self-Operated Supercharging Stations of Mainstream OEMs
• Supercharging Pile Layout and Construction Planning of Major OEMs (1)
• Supercharging Pile Layout and Construction Planning of Major OEMs (2)
• Supercharging Pile Layout and Construction Planning of Major OEMs (3)
• Product Case: BYD MW Flash Charging Station (1)
• Product Case: BYD MW Flash Charging Station (2)
• 2.5 Automotive Supercharging System Components - Automotive High-Voltage Power Supply System
• Automotive Power Supply Products
• 800V High-Voltage Architecture Upgrade
• Independent Charging and Distribution Units Are the Mainstream
• Power Supply System + Electric Drive integration
• Power Supply System + Bms/Bdu Integrated Battery Box
• Case of Power Supply System + Bms/Bdu Integrated Battery Box (1)
• Case of Power Supply System + Bms/Bdu Integrated Battery Box (2)
• High-Voltage Architecture Development Trends
• Integrated Power Supply System CDU
• Integrated Power Supply System CDU: Product Line and Design Concept
• Case of Integrated Power Supply System CDU
• 2.6 Automotive Supercharging System Components - On-Board Charger (OBC)
• On-Board Charger (OBC)
• Bidirectional OBC Circuit Structure
• OBC Classification by Power
• SiC Power Devices
• Automotive-Grade Product Line and Design Concept (1)
• Automotive-Grade Product Line and Design Concept (2)
• 2.7 Automotive Supercharging System Components - DC/DC
• Working Principle
• Automotive-Grade Product Line and Design Concept under High-Voltage Supercharging Architecture
• 2.8 Automotive Supercharging System Components - SiC Inverter
• Product Line and Design Concept under High-Voltage Supercharging Architecture (1)
• Product Line and Design Concept under High-Voltage Supercharging Architecture (2)
• 2.9 Automotive Supercharging System Components - High-Voltage Wire Harness
• High-Voltage Wiring Harness for Electric Vehicles
• Wiring Harness Development Trends
• Reconstruction of Wiring Harness Technology under High-Voltage Architecture
• Products and Development Trends of Main Suppliers (1)
• Products and Development Trends of Main Suppliers (2)
• 2.10 Automotive Supercharging System Components - High-Voltage DC Relay
• Definition and Working Principle
• Development Trends
• List of Major Suppliers and Products
• Product Case (1)
• Product Case (2)
• 2.11 Supercharging Implementation Approach - Boost Charging Technology
• Boost Charging Technology
• 400V-800V Boost Solution
• Technical Solutions
• Technical Solution Classification
• Product Cases of Major Suppliers

3 China's Charging and Swapping Infrastructure Development and Trends

• 3.1 China's Charging Infrastructure (Gun) Ownership
• Public Piles/Private Piles
• Forecast of Ownership and Pile-to-Vehicle Ratio
• China's Charging Infrastructure (Gun) Ownership by Province
• China's Charging Infrastructure (Gun) Ownership by Operator
• 3.2 China's Public Charging Station Ownership
• China's Public Charging Station Ownership and Construction Plan
• China's Public Charging Station Ownership by Province
• China's Public Charging Station Ownership by Operator
• 3.3 Ownership of Charging Piles in China's Highway Service Areas
• Ownership of Charging Piles in China's Highway Service Areas
• High-Power Charging Guns Accounted for 14% in 2025
• Regional Layout
• 3.4 China's Overseas Charging Infrastructure
• Overseas Modes
• Overseas Certification System
• The Focus Is on Local Certification and Mutual Recognition of Testing
• Overseas Layout of Major Companies
• Product Case: Megawatt Flash Charging (1)
• Product Case: Megawatt Flash Charging (2)
• Product case: Full-Power-Range Products
• 3.5 China's Swapping Station Ownership and Construction Plan
• China's Swapping Station Ownership
• China's Swapping Station Ownership by Province
• China's Swapping Station Ownership by Operator
• China's Swapping Solution Strategic Layout
• 3.6 China's Overseas Swapping Solutions
• Overseas Swapping Network for Passenger Cars/Heavy Trucks
• Overseas Standards/Patents
• Project Case: NIO's Swapping Station + Direct Operation System + Service Model
• Product Case: Overseas QIJI Energy of CATL X Octopus Energy
• 3.7 Pile-Side Supercharging system
• Definition of Ultra-High Power (Supercharging)
• Traditional Fast Charging Pile VS Novel Supercharging Pile
• Core Component of DC Charging Pile: Charging Pile Module
• Mainstream Thermal Management Methods
• 3.8 Photovoltaic-Storage-Charging Integrated Station Solution
• Photovoltaic-Storage-Charging Integrated Station Solution
• Solution Advantages
• Photovoltaic-Storage-Charging System Collaboration
• Charging Solutions
• Policies/Standards (1)
• Policies/Standards (2)
• Subsidy Policies and Business Models
• Investment Budget for Photovoltaic-Storage-Charging-Inspection-Swap Integration Project
• Estimation of Income from Photovoltaic-Storage-Charging-Inspection-Swap Integration Project
• Typical Project Cost Analysis
• 3.9 Photovoltaic-Storage Supercharging Solution
• Photovoltaic-Storage Supercharging Solution is the High-Power Advanced Version of Photovoltaic-Storage-Charging Integration Solution
• Component Modules
• Project Equipment Participants
• Cost Breakdown of Photovoltaic-Storage-Charging Supercharging Station (1)
• Cost Breakdown of Photovoltaic-Storage-Charging Supercharging Station (2)
• Cost Breakdown of Photovoltaic-Storage-Charging Supercharging Station (3)
• Cost Breakdown of Photovoltaic-Storage-Charging Supercharging Station (4)
• From Demonstration to Mass Application
• Typical Project Cases (1)
• Typical Project Cases (2)
• Project Cases (1)
• Project Cases (2)
• Project Cases (3)
• Project Cases (4)
• Huawei's DC Stack Solution
• Development Trends, 2026-2030E
• 3.10 Megawatt Charging
• Core Principle: High Voltage
• Core Principle: High Current and Low Internal Resistance Battery
• Core Principle: Storage-Charging Integration and Grid Interaction/Communication Protocol
• Three-Level (Vehicle/Pile/Gun) Heat Dissipation Architecture
• Liquid Cooling of Megawatt Charging
• Vehicle/Pile/Gun Heat Dissipation Systems of Typical Vendors
• New Communication Requirements for Two-Way Interaction between Megawatt Charging and V2G (2026)
• Commercial Vehicle Megawatt Charging VS Passenger Car Megawatt Charging
• Summary of Products and Core Technologies of Major Suppliers (1)
• Summary of Products and Core Technologies of Major Suppliers (2)
• 3.11 Passenger Car Megawatt Charging
• From Technological Breakthrough to Large-Scale Popularization
• Production Vehicle Models
• Comparison of Core Parameters and Technical Solutions of Passenger Car Megawatt Charging Piles
• Product Case: BYD's MW Flash Charging Pile
• Product Case: ZEEKR's 1.2MW Fully Liquid-Cooled Charging Pile
• Product Case: Dongfeng's First 1.2MW Independent High-Power Charging Product
• Product Application: China Southern Power Grid's Megawatt Supercharging Pile
• 3.12 Commercial Vehicle Megawatt Charging
• Megawatt Charging System (MCS)
• MCS V2.4~V3.2
• Commercial Vehicle Megawatt Charging Standards
• Comparison of Core Parameters and Technical Solutions of Commercial Vehicle Megawatt Charging Piles (1)
• Comparison of Core Parameters and Technical Solutions of Commercial Vehicle Megawatt Charging Piles (2)
• Application Case: Huawei's Fully Liquid-Cooled Megawatt Supercharging Solution
• Application Case: Yingtong Zhilian Digital Technology's Megawatt Charging Solution
• 3.13 Safety Requirements for Charging and Swapping Facilities
• Lightning-Protection and Earthing Requirements (1)
• Lightning-Protection and Earthing Requirements (2)
• Mandatory Requirements for AC Charging Pile RCD
• Mandatory Energy Efficiency Requirements for Power Supply Equipment

4 Development and Trends of Supercharging Battery System

• 4.1 High-performance Supercharging Battery Development Route
• Supercharging System Puts forward All-Round and Cross-Dimensional Requirements for Power Batteries
• Ordinary Rechargeable Battery VS High-Performance Supercharging Battery
• China's 4C+ Supercharging Battery Market size and Competition Landscape, 2030E
• China's 4C+ Supercharging Battery Market size by Technical Route
• Comparison of Cycle Life of Sodium-Ion/Lfp/Ternary Batteries in 5C Supercharging
• Technical Route Comparison of Two Battery Giants
• Supercharging Battery Material Classification
• 4.2 6C Supercharging Battery
• Key Technology Breakthrough Points of Supercharging Batteries
• The Marginal Benefits of 6C+ Are Diminishing, and the Balance Between Cost and Performance Becomes The Key
• Product Suppliers and Technical Parameters
• 6C Supercharging Battery Case: SVOLT Energy's Hybrid Solid-Liquid 6C Supercharging Cell
• 6C Supercharging Battery Case: CALB's Top-Notch "All-Round" Cylinder
• 6C Supercharging Vehicle Models Launched/Mass-Produced
• 4.3 Supercharging Battery Technology Route - Fifth-Generation LiFePO4 Battery
• Fifth-Generation LiFePO4 Battery
• Powder Compacted Density
• Product Parameters and Technical Plans of Major Suppliers (1)
• Product Parameters and Technical Plans of Major Suppliers (2)
• 8C Supercharging Battery Case
• 12C Supercharging Battery Case (1)
• 12C Supercharging Battery Case (2)
• 4.4 Supercharging Battery Technology Route - LMFP Battery
• Technological Development Advantages/Disadvantages
• Process Route
• Process Route: Technical Differences
• Supercharging Batteries: Typical Product Technology Comparison
• Supercharging Battery: BYD's Second-Generation Blade Battery (LMFP)
• Supercharging Battery: CATL M3P
• Supercharging Battery: Gotion Hi-Tech's Third-Generation Qichen
• 4.5 Supercharging Battery Technology Route - Sodium-Ion Battery
• Status Quo and Key Suppliers
• 4.6 High-performance Supercharging Battery - Lithium-Air Battery
• Lithium-Air Battery (Li-O2 Battery)
• Working Principle
• Comparison of Four Routes (1)
• Comparison of Four Routes (2)
• Research Focus and Breakthrough Directions
• Key Technological Breakthroughs, 2025-2026
• 4.7 CATL
• Supercharging Battery Technology Iteration/Product Parameters (1)
• Supercharging Battery Technology Iteration/Product Parameters (2)
• ShenXing Series: First/Second/Third-Generation Products
• ShenXing Series: Third-Generation ShenXing Superfast Charging Battery
• ShenXing Series: Third-Generation ShenXing Superfast Charging Battery Disassembly (1)
• ShenXing Series: Third-Generation ShenXing Superfast Charging Battery Disassembly (2)
• ShenXing Series: Third-Generation ShenXing Superfast Charging Battery Disassembly (3)
• ShenXing Series: Third-Generation ShenXing Superfast Charging Battery Disassembly (7)
• Qilin Series: First/Second/Third-Generation Products (1)
• Qilin Series: First/Second/Third-Generation Products (2)
• Qilin Series: Third-Generation Qilin Battery
• Freevoy Series: First/Second-Generation Products
• Freevoy Series: Second-Generation Freevoy Super Hybrid Battery
• Choco-SEB Battery
• Choco-SEB Station Specifications
• Supercharging-Swapping Integrated Solution and Construction Planning
• Choco-SEB Station Construction Planning
• 4.8 SEVB
• Supercharging Battery Iteration and Product Platform (1)
• Supercharging Battery Iteration and Product Platform (2)
• Supercharging Battery Product Line
• LFP Battery: Xinxingchi Product Line
• LFP Battery: Xinxingchi 2.0
• LFP Battery: Instillation of Xinxingchi in Vehicles
• NCM Battery: Xinxingyao Product Line
• NCM battery: Xinxingyao Supercharging Battery 2.0
• Cylindrical Battery: Xinxinghuan Product Line
• Cylindrical Battery: Mass Production of Xinxinghuan

5 Supercharging System Energy Trading - V2X/System-Level Aggregation Coordination/Grid Support, etc.

• 5.1 Energy Interaction Solution for Automotive Supercharging System
• Development Stages of Functional Models
• Panorama of Energy Interaction Patterns
• Automotive Supercharging System Energy Interaction System - Evolution
• 5.2 Supercharging Energy Trading - Managed Charging (V1G)
• V2G First Lays out Managed Charging
• Working Principle
• System Architecture
• Communication Protocols and Standard Systems
• Application Scenarios
• AI-Driven New Trends in 2026
• V1G vs V2G
• 5.3 Supercharging Energy Trading - Point-To-Point Energy Flow (V2X)
• Point-To-Point Energy Flow (V2X)
• Relationship
• Core Protocols/Standards (1)
• Core Protocols/Standards (2)
• Bidirectional OBC Supports V2X Applications
• Position of V2X in Supercharging System
• V2L: Scenario Power
• V2L: Vehicle Model Layout
• V2V: Scenario Power and Vehicle Model Layout
• V2H: Scenario Power and Layout
• V2B: Scenario Power and Layout
• V2G: Scenario Power and Layout
• V2G: Supercharging System Policy Support
• V2G: Revenue Sharing
• V2G: China's V2G Development Roadmap
• V2G: Industrial Chain
• 5.4 Supercharging Energy Trading - Grid-Forming Supercharging
• Grid-Forming Supercharging
• Architecture Composition
• Grid-Forming Supercharging Station System Architecture
• Grid-Forming Storage/Supercharging Standard System (1)
• Grid-Forming Storage/Supercharging Standard System (2)
• Grid-Forming VS Grid-Following
• Scenarios and Trends (1)
• Scenarios and Trends (2)
• State Grid's Grid-Forming Supercharging Station Application Case (1)
• State Grid's Grid-Forming Supercharging Station Application Case (2)
• Chery's "Volt-dragon Charger" Grid-Forming Supercharging System
• Project Case: Huawei's Grid-Forming Storage and Charging Solution (1)
• Project Case: Huawei's Grid-Forming Storage and Charging Solution (2)
• Project Case: Huawei's Grid-Forming Storage and Charging Solution (3)
• Project Case: Huawei's Grid-Forming Storage and Charging Solution (4)
• Corporate Grid-Forming Technologies and Products
• 5.5 Supercharging Energy Trading - VPP
• Development Advantages
• Positioning in the Energy Internet
• Core Functions
• Policies and Standard Systems (1)
• Policies and Standard Systems (2)
• "Guidance on Accelerating the Development of VPPs"
• GB/T 47241-2026 Technical Guidelines for Virtual Power Plant
• Operation Modes
• Market Potential
• VPPs - Typical Platforms and Cases
• Role in Supercharging Stations
• VPP Projects Adopted by Supercharging Stations (1)
• VPP Projects Adopted by Supercharging Stations (2)
• Development Planning
• 5.6 Supercharging Energy Trading - Energy Management/Trusteeship
• Energy Management/Trusteeship
• Relationship with V2G/Supercharging System
• Supercharging System Cases
• 5.7 Supercharging Energy Trading - Microgrid/V2mG
• Microgrid/V2mG
• Technical Architecture
• DC Microgrid/V2mG
• Typical Application Scenarios and Cases of DC Microgrid/V2mG
• DC Microgrid/V2mG of Supercharging Stations
• Application Cases in Supercharging Stations
• Technology Development Trends, 2026-2030E
• 5.8 Supercharging Energy Trading - Autonomous Driving Self-Scheduling
• Autonomous Driving Self-Scheduling
• Autonomous Decision-Making Closed-Loop Technology Development Path
• Five-Layer (Vehicle, Pile, Station, Cloud, Grid) Collaboration
• Fleet-level AI Scheduling (SAEV Optimization Framework)
• Automatic Recharging: Technical Route
• Automatic Recharging: Product Matrix of Representative Enterprises

6 Layout of Main OEMs in Charging & Swapping Facilities and Supercharging Batteries

• 6.1 BYD
• Charging Infrastructure/High-Performance Supercharging Battery Technology Planning
• High-Voltage Architecture: Super e-Platform
• Megawatt Flash Charging: Super e-Platform+ Megawatt Flash Charging Technology
• Megawatt Flash Charging System
• Megawatt Flash Charging: Flash Charging Stations/Piles
• Megawatt Flash Charging: Flash Charging Station Network Construction Partners/Supply Chain
• Megawatt Flash Charging: Flash Charging Station Charging Network and Co-Operators
• Supercharging: Full-Domain Smart Fast Charging Technology Cluster (1)
• Supercharging: Full-Domain Smart Fast Charging Technology Cluster (2)
• Supercharging: Full-Domain Smart Fast Charging Technology Cluster (3)
• Supercharging Battery: First-Generation Blade Battery VS Second-Generation Blade Battery (1)
• Supercharging Battery: First-Generation Blade Battery VS Second-Generation Blade Battery (2)
• Supercharging Battery: Second-Generation Blade Battery (1)
• Supercharging Battery: Second-Generation Blade Battery (2)
• Supercharging Battery: Second-Generation Blade Battery (3)
• Supercharging Battery: Second-Generation Blade Battery - Vehicle Models Supported
• Supercharging Battery: Second-Generation Blade Battery - Supply Chain (1)
• Supercharging Battery: Second-Generation Blade Battery - Supply Chain (2)
• 1500V Automotive-Grade SiC Power Chips
• Portable Charging Equipment
• 6.2 Geely Group
• Charging Infrastructure/High-Performance Supercharging Battery Technology Planning
• Haohan Energy (Zhejiang Haohan Energy Technology Co., Ltd.)
• Gold Brick Battery Technology by Generation
• Next-generation Aegis Gold Brick Battery
• ZEEKR Haohan Energy Charging Pile: V1/V2/V3/V4 Charging Piles
• ZEEKR Haohan Energy Extremely Fast Charging Pile: ZEEKR V4 (Megawatt)
• ZEEKR Haohan Energy Extremely Fast Charging Pile: ZEEKR V3
• VREMT's HPC/GPC Supercharging Platform for External Supply (1)
• VREMT's HPC/GPC Supercharging Platform for External Supply (2)
• Swap Station Construction
• Home Charging Pile
• 6.3 Harmony Intelligent Mobility Alliance (HIMA)
• Charging Infrastructure/High-Performance Supercharging Battery Technology Planning
• Supercharging Station Operation Models
• Huawei's Passenger Car Megawatt Flash Charging Solution (1)
• Huawei's Passenger Car Megawatt Flash Charging Solution (2)
• Huawei's Passenger Car Megawatt Flash Charging Solution (3)
• Huawei's Heavy Truck Megawatt Supercharging Solution (1)
• Huawei's Heavy Truck Megawatt Supercharging Solution (2)
• Huawei's Heavy Truck Megawatt Supercharging Solution (3)
• 6.4 Chery
• Charging Infrastructure/High-Performance Supercharging Battery Technology Planning
• Supercharging Battery: Rhino Battery
• Supercharging Battery: Rhino Battery H Series/E Series
• Supercharging Battery: Rhino Battery S Series
• Supercharging Battery: Rhino Battery Safety
• Supercharging-supported Recharging Solution
• Supercharging Station: Volt-dragon Charger
• V2G
• Energy Magic Cube: Six-in-one Smart Energy System (Vehicle/Storage/Charging/Grid/Cloud/Carbon)
• 6.5 Great Wall Motor (GWM)
• Charging Infrastructure/High-Performance Supercharging Battery Technology Planning
• Guiyuan Platform
• GWM-ONE Platform: Powertrain Route
• GWM-ONE Platform: Vehicle Model Planning
• GWM-ONE Platform: Super Hi4 800V+6C of WEY V9X
• Self-operated Supercharging Stations
• Recharging Network Ecosystem Cooperation
• Overseas Self-Built Supercharging Piles
• 6.6 GAC Group
• Charging Infrastructure/High-Performance Supercharging Battery Technology Planning
• GAC Super Extended Range System Supports 5C Supercharging
• Greater Bay Technology's Supercharging Battery

26 Energy Action Strategy

• High-Power All-Scenario Charging Solution
• Self-Operated Supercharging Station/Pile Construction Planning
• Supercharging Pile Matrix
• Megawatt Solution: Passenger Car VS Commercial Vehicle
• 960kW MW DC Pile Solution
• 480kW DC Pile Solution
• 6.7 Dongfeng Motor Corporation
• Charging Infrastructure/High-Performance Supercharging Battery Technology Planning
• Dongfeng's Self-Developed Megawatt Supercharging Pile
• Voyah Power's 168 Energy Solutions and Planning
• Voyah's Self-Operated Smart Supercharging Station/Pile
• VP1000 Megawatt Supercharging Pile
• Voyah Smart Charging Robot
• Supercharging Battery Development Planning
• 4C Supercharging Battery: 120Ah DF-SUNWODA
• 5C Supercharging Battery: Voyah Amber Battery System 2.0 (1)
• 5C Supercharging Battery: Voyah Amber Battery System 2.0 (2)
• Megawatt Supercharging Stations of Dongfeng Trucks
• Dongfeng Motor's V2G Zero-Carbon Super Stations
• 6.8 Changan Automobile
• Charging Infrastructure/High-Performance Supercharging Battery Technology Planning (1)
• Charging Infrastructure/High-Performance Supercharging Battery Technology Planning (2)
• Charging Infrastructure/High-Performance Supercharging Battery Technology Planning (3)
• Supercharging System Construction Path
• Avatr: Co-Construction with BP + Huawei Supercharging Alliance
• Deepal: Self-built Stations along China National Highway 318 + NIO Interoperability
• Swapping: NIO + CATL
• 6.9 BAIC
• Charging Infrastructure/High-Performance Supercharging Battery Technology Planning
• Arcfox's Self-Operated Supercharging Stations
• Supercharging-Swapping Integrated Recharging Network Construction
• Commercial Vehicle Megawatt Supercharging
• 6.10 SAIC Motor
• Charging Infrastructure/High-Performance Supercharging Battery Technology Planning
• Jieneng's Intelligent Battery Swapping Stations
• 6.11 FAW Hongqi
• 12C Supercharging Battery (1)
• 12C Supercharging Battery (2)
• 6.12 Tesla
• Charging Infrastructure/High-Performance Supercharging Battery Technology Planning
• Supercharger Technology Iteration and Suppliers
• V3/V4 Charging Pile
• V4 Super Charging Pile
• V4 Supercharger: Technical Parameters
• Supercharging Battery: 4680 Large Cylinder (NCM + Silicon-based Anode)
• Mobile Charging and Automatic Charging Services
• Home Charging Piles
• 6.13 NIO
• Charging Infrastructure/High-Performance Supercharging Battery Technology Planning (1)
• Charging Infrastructure/High-Performance Supercharging Battery Technology Planning (2)
• NIO Power (1)
• NIO Power (2)
• Charging and Swapping Network
• BaaS Model
• First/Second/Third/Fourth/Fifth-Generation Swap Stations
• Fifth-Generation Swap Station
• RGV Patented Swap Platform
• V2G
• V2G: V2G Swap Station
• VPP (1)
• VPP (2)
• 640kW Fully Liquid-Cooled Supercharging Pile
• Charging Vehicles
• Home Charging Piles
• 6.14 XPeng
• Charging Infrastructure/High-Performance Supercharging Battery Technology Planning
• S4 Superfast Charging Vs S5 Superfast Charging
• Supercharging Station Layout
• Supercharging Station: S5 Supercharging
• Supercharging Station: S4 Supercharging
• Supercharging Battery: Technology Planning
• Supercharging Battery: Core Suppliers in 2026
• Supercharging Battery: Solid-State Battery Automotive-Grade Verification (1)
• Supercharging Battery: Solid-State Battery Automotive-Grade Verification (2)
• 6.15 Li Auto
• Charging Infrastructure/High-Performance Supercharging Battery Technology Planning
• Supercharging Network Construction
• Supercharging Station: Station Configuration
• 5C Supercharging Pile
• 4C Supercharging Pile
• 6.16 Xiaomi Auto
• Charging Infrastructure/High-Performance Supercharging Battery Technology Planning
• Supercharging Station Construction
• Supercharging Battery: 4C-5.2C Battery Pack
• Supercharging Battery: 4C-5.2C Battery Pack Thermal Management System
• Charging Interconnection
• Home Charging Piles
• Home Charging Robotic Arms
• 6.17 Leapmotor
• Charging Infrastructure/High-Performance Supercharging Battery Technology Planning
• LEAP 3.5
• CTC 2.0
• 6.18 SAIC-GM-Wuling
• Charging Infrastructure/High-Performance Supercharging Battery Technology Planning
• 6C Supercharging Battery: Shenlian Battery 4.0
• 6C Supercharging Battery: Shenlian Battery M
• 6.19 Volkswagen
• Charging Infrastructure/High-Performance Supercharging Battery Technology Planning
• CAMS Liquid-Cooled Supercharging Pile + V1G
• 6.20 BMW
• Charging Infrastructure/High-Performance Supercharging Battery Technology Planning
• BMW Brand's Own Supercharging Stations
• Ionchi's Supercharging network
• Automatic Charging Robots
• 6.21 Daimler
• Charging Infrastructure/High-Performance Supercharging Battery Technology Planning
• MMA Platform
• MB.EA Platform
• Self-Operated Brand Supercharging Stations
• Public Charging Network
• 6.22 Volvo
• Charging Infrastructure/High-Performance Supercharging Battery Technology Planning
• Premium Charging Stations