克服人工智慧領域的能源負擔：從OFC 2026洞察資料中心和通訊網路應對氣候風險和能源市場波動

來自OFC 2026的洞見：應對資料中心和通訊網路中的氣候風險和能源市場波動

本報告評估了業界為協調人工智慧千兆瓦級電力需求與現有通訊和資料中心基礎設施的實體和經濟限制所做的努力。報告基於上月在洛杉磯舉行的OFC 2026的新聞分析、簡報和技術論文，提供了總結和趨勢分析。

對於通訊業者和資料中心營運商而言，能源消耗已從次要的營運問題轉變為一項重要的策略風險。雖然能源成本佔通訊業者總營運支出的3%至5%甚至更多，但資料中心的比例更高，而且還在不斷上升。在氣候變遷加速以及伊朗戰爭等地區衝突導致能源市場持續波動的背景下，網路工程的重點正從尖峰容量轉向「每瓦性能」。永續發展目標不再是自願的，而是投資者、經營團隊和網路工程師共同施加的限制。電信網路和資料中心都被視為關鍵基礎設施。雖然超大規模資料中心業者資料中心的能源消耗正在快速成長，但通訊業者的能源消耗卻保持平穩，然而從絕對值來看，電信業的能源消耗遠高於超大規模資料中心。預計到2024年，電信業的能源消耗將達到340兆瓦時（TWh），遠超超大規模資料中心業者的189太瓦時。電信業的碳足跡也超過了超超大規模資料中心業者。 2024 年，通訊業的溫室氣體排放（包括範圍 1、2 和 3 的排放量）總計達到 3.42 億噸二氧化碳當量，超過了超超大規模資料中心業者營運商的 2.29 億噸排放量。

最新的OFC 2026數據顯示，電力消耗是新型網路面臨的最大挑戰。 NVIDIA、思科、博通、Marvell和Coherent等公司正在研究共封裝和線性架構，因為傳統的光纖通訊處理方法能耗過高。一些新技術在特定類型的網路中實現了亞皮焦耳級的效率，電力消耗降低了97%，但其他技術仍面臨挑戰。目前，超寬頻（UWB）系統的能量損耗高達48%，而且新的設計仍然極為複雜。對於建構大規模人工智慧叢集的公司而言，效率不再是可選項，而是生存的必需品。

提及的組織：

• 3M
• AMD
• Arista
• Broadcom
• China Telecom
• 中國光電與通訊國家重點實驗室
• Ciena
• Cisco
• Coherent
• Eoptolink
• Ericsson
• Google
• Hyperlight
• Keysight
• Lightmatter
• LightXcelerate
• Lumentum
• Marvell
• Meta
• National Tsing Hua University
• Nokia Bell Labs
• NTT
• NVIDIA
• OIF
• Semtech
• Telefonica
• TIM
• TSMC
• UMC
• University College London
• University of Melbourne
• University of Tokyo
• Wavetek

目錄

概括

給業界相關人員的建議

• 對於供應商
• 對於通訊業者

活動的主要主題和演講內容

• OIF互通性展示：節能介面
• 思科：Silicon One G300 和 100T 障礙
• 連貫性：廢熱回收方面的先進措施和 CPO 的柔軟性
• 英偉達：保障光供應鏈安全及邁向費曼的藍圖
• 博通：Taurus 和 Tomahawk 6
• Marvell Arista：線性接收與發送重定時光學技術
• 超輕量/輕質材料：下一代材料和織物技術
• Semtech、Lumentum、Eoptolink：用於人工智慧擴展的低功耗、高速光學技術

對市場發展的影響

• 能源效率是資料中心的關鍵KPI
• 電信業的能源消耗：驅動動態網路
• 過渡到液冷和XPO
• 互聯互通藍圖多樣化
• 從熱回收到發電

OFC 2026 的能源相關研究成果

• 資料中心
• 通訊網路

結論：解決能源瓶頸問題

附錄

Insights from OFC 2026 for navigating climate risk and energy market volatility in data centers & telecom networks

This brief assesses the industry's efforts to reconcile the gigawatt-scale power requirements of artificial intelligence with the physical and economic constraints of existing telecom and data center infrastructure. We use news analysis, briefings, and technical papers from last month's OFC 2026 event in Los Angeles to fuel our summary and trend analysis.

Energy consumption has transitioned from a secondary operational concern to a primary strategic risk for both telcos and data center operators. For telcos, energy represents 3 to 5 percent or more of total operating expenditure, while in the data center world, that figure is significantly higher and rising. With the acceleration of climate change and continued energy market volatility driven by regional conflicts, such as the Iran war, the focus of network engineering has shifted from peak capacity to performance per watt. Sustainability targets are no longer discretionary commitments; they are binding constraints imposed by investors, senior leadership, and network engineers. And both telecom networks and data centers matter. While hyperscaler energy consumption is growing rapidly even as telco use has plateaued, the telecom sector consumes significantly more energy on an absolute basis: 340 terawatt hours in 2024 vs. 189 TWh for hyperscalers. The telecom sector's carbon footprint also exceeds that of hyperscalers: telco greenhouse gas emissions across all three scopes totalled 342 million metric tons of CO2-equivalent in 2024, compared with 229 million for hyperscalers.

The latest data from OFC 2026 makes it clear that power consumption is the biggest challenge for new networks. Companies such as NVIDIA, Cisco, Broadcom, Marvell, and Coherent are exploring co-packaged and linear architectures because traditional ways of handling optics use too much energy. While some new tech is hitting sub-picojoule efficiency levels or saving 97 percent on power in specific network types, other areas are struggling. Ultra-wideband systems currently have a 48 percent energy penalty, and new designs are still very complex. For anyone building large AI clusters, efficiency is no longer a choice; it is a requirement for survival.

Organizations mentioned:

• 3M
• AMD
• Arista
• Broadcom
• China Telecom
• China's State Key Laboratory of Photonics and Communications
• Ciena
• Cisco
• Coherent
• Eoptolink
• Ericsson
• Google
• Hyperlight
• Keysight
• Lightmatter
• LightXcelerate
• Lumentum
• Marvell
• Meta
• National Tsing Hua University
• Nokia Bell Labs
• NTT
• NVIDIA
• OIF
• Semtech
• Telefonica
• TIM
• TSMC
• UMC
• University College London
• University of Melbourne
• University of Tokyo
• Wavetek

Table of Contents

Summary

Recommendations for industry players

• For vendors
• For operators

Key themes and announcements from the event

• OIF interoperability showcase: energy efficient interfaces
• Cisco: Silicon One G300 and the 100T barrier
• Coherent: Pioneering waste heat recovery and CPO versatility
• NVIDIA: Securing the optical supply chain and the road to Feynman
• Broadcom: Taurus and Tomahawk 6
• Marvell and Arista: Linear-receive and transmit-retimed optics
• Hyperlight and Lightmatter: next-generation materials and fabrics
• Semtech, Lumentum, & Eoptolink: low-power, high-speed optical for AI scaling

Implications for market development

• Energy efficiency as a primary KPI in data centers
• Energy consumption in telecom: The push for dynamic networks
• The shift toward liquid cooling and XPO
• The diversification of the interconnect roadmap
• From heat recovery to electricity generation

Energy-related research findings at OFC 2026

• Data centers
• Telecom networks

Conclusion: Managing the energy bottleneck

Appendix

List of Figures

• Figure 1: Energy consumption in TWh: Telco vs. Hyperscaler
• Figure 2: Summary of OIF's work in energy efficiency area
• Figure 3: Cisco G300 data sheet - sustainability info
• Figure 4: Overview of Coherent's product lineup
• Figure 5: Broadcom's growth through acquisition
• Figure 6: Scale up, out, and across bandwidth requirements all growing fast
• Figure 7: ML-enhanced optical access network supporting H2M (Inset: TinyML workflow)
• Figure 8: An exemplary 6G mobile network topology with hardware architecture