歐洲電信業者在「最環保電信業者」排名中佔主導地位：從全球前十的七家歐洲公司汲取經驗——如何應對川普政府的親化石燃料戰略

全球電信業正在向綠色轉型，但進展緩慢。根據MTN顧問公司和Teral Research於2025年11月發布的一項研究，電信業者的能源消耗將在2024年保持穩定，為340.6太瓦時。雖然再生能源佔比從2019年的10%成長到23%，但該產業仍需採取更多措施來實現氣候目標。包括範圍3排放在內的總排放量在2023年和2024年均較去年同期下降了6-8%。這項進展得益於5G的全球擴張以及從銅纜到更節能的光纖的過渡。然而，未來的道路依然充滿挑戰。儘管範圍 3 排放佔電信業碳足跡的大部分，但一些公司，例如中國主要營運商和沙烏地阿拉伯的 STC，其報告情況卻不盡如人意。降低排放強度的真正進展取決於供應商。諾基亞和愛立信等歐洲供應商已將直接排放降至最低，而康寧等中國供應商和電纜製造商的排放強度仍然很高，屬於例外情況。 地緣政治環境使情況更加複雜。川普政府近期的一些倒退舉措，例如退出 "巴黎協定" 和優先發展煤炭，威脅著全球的綠色發展勢頭。儘管如此，歐洲電信業者正在加強支持綠色議程。在瑞士電信和西班牙電信的引領下，全球十大最環保電信業者中有七家總部位於歐洲。這些公司正在將 ESG（環境、社會和治理）因素納入財務報告，發行綠色債券，並直接投資再生能源基礎設施。最終， "歐洲模式" 為整個產業提供了一個藍圖。透過利用綠色採購、管理層優先考慮環保以及客戶 "綠色支援" 等工具，電信公司可以實現成長與排放的脫鉤。儘管區域性限制依然存在，但全面的綠色策略遠不止於道德或 "環保主義" 。對於尋求維護其全球企業價值並滿足重視透明度和永續性的投資者的電信公司而言，這更是一項財務上的必然選擇。 本報告分析了全球電信業的能源使用和永續發展趨勢，涵蓋能源消耗、再生能源佔比、排放趨勢以及區域性措施。

提及的組織：

• Airtel
• Altice USA
• America Movil
• Amnesty International
• BAS Corp
• Bouygues Telecom
• Charter Communications
• China Mobile
• China Telecom
• China Unicom
• Ciena
• Cisco
• Corning
• Defense Department (USA)
• Deutsche Telekom
• Dish Network
• egg Power
• Environmental Protection Agency (USA)
• Ericsson
• Fiberhome
• Furukawa Electric
• Huawei
• International Energy Agency
• LG Uplus
• Liberty Global
• Nokia
• NVIDIA
• Orange
• Proximus
• STC
• Sterlite
• Swisscom
• Tele2 AB
• Telefonica
• Telia
• Telkom Indonesia
• Telus
• Vodafone
• ZTE

目錄

• 1. 摘要
• 2. 通訊業的能源利用與永續性趨勢
• 3. 全球通訊業對環境變得和善,不過，那個步調緩慢
• 4. 淨零的未來
• 5. 通訊業者的規模3排放量削減的掌握關鍵的供應商
• 6. 撲克先生的登場
• 7. 歐洲的通訊業者用永續性指標領導
• 8. 歐洲環境領導者倍增
• 9. 結論
• 10. 附錄

The global telecom sector is turning green, but progress is slow. According to a November 2025 study from MTN Consulting and Teral Research, telco energy consumption was flat in 2024 at 340.6 TWh. While renewable energy now accounts for 23% of that total, up from just 10% in 2019, the industry requires a deeper commitment to meet climate goals. Total emissions, including Scope 3, fell 6-8% YoY in both 2023 and 2024. These gains are driven by global 5G scaling and the transition from copper to more energy-efficient fiber. However, the path ahead is steep. Scope 3 emissions represent the majority of the telco carbon footprint, but reporting remains inconsistent among laggards like the major Chinese operators and STC. Real progress in reducing emissions intensity depends on vendors. While Europe-based vendors like Nokia and Ericsson have minimized direct emissions, Chinese vendors and cable manufacturers like Corning remain high-intensity outliers.

The geopolitical landscape adds further complexity. Recent regressive moves by the Trump administration, including exiting the Paris Agreement and prioritizing coal, threaten global momentum. Despite this, European telcos are doubling down on their green agendas. Seven of the world's top ten greenest telcos, led by Swisscom and Telefonica, are based in Europe. These companies are integrating ESG into financial reporting, utilizing green bonds, and investing directly in renewable energy infrastructure. Ultimately, the "European model" offers a blueprint for the industry. By leveraging green procurement, management prioritization, "green enablement" for customers, and other levers, telcos can decouple growth from emissions. Regional constraints remain a reality, but a serious green strategy is not just about morality or being a "tree hugger." It is a financial requirement for telcos who want to protect their global valuations and satisfy investors who now reward transparency and sustainability.

Organizations mentioned:

• Airtel
• Altice USA
• America Movil
• Amnesty International
• BAS Corp
• Bouygues Telecom
• Charter Communications
• China Mobile
• China Telecom
• China Unicom
• Ciena
• Cisco
• Corning
• Defense Department (USA)
• Deutsche Telekom
• Dish Network
• egg Power
• Environmental Protection Agency (USA)
• Ericsson
• Fiberhome
• Furukawa Electric
• Huawei
• International Energy Agency
• LG Uplus
• Liberty Global
• Nokia
• NVIDIA
• Orange
• Proximus
• STC
• Sterlite
• Swisscom
• Tele2 AB
• Telefonica
• Telia
• Telkom Indonesia
• Telus
• Vodafone
• ZTE

Table of Contents

• 1. Summary
• 2. Telecom energy use & sustainability trends
• 3. Global telco sector is getting greener, but slowly
• 4. Path to net zero
• 5. Vendors hold the key to lowering telco scope 3 emissions
• 6. Enter stage right: Trump
• 7. European telcos lead on sustainability metrics
• 8. Europe's green leaders doubling down
• 9. Conclusion
• 10. Appendix

List of Figures and Charts

• Figure 1: YoY % changes in key metrics for global telco market
• Figure 2: Carbon footprint by emissions type (market-based): 2019-24 actuals and potential trajectory
• Figure 3: Emissions intensity for Telco NI vendors, Telcos, and Webscalers/Hyperscalers (2019-24)*
• Figure 4: Europe leads list of world's greenest telcos based on emissions intensity (2024)