全球 LNG 液化終端市場 - COVID-19 的增長、趨勢、影響和預測（2022-2027 年）

在預測期間（2022-2027 年），全球 LNG 液化終端市場預計將以超過 6% 的複合年增長率增長。

在 COVID-19 大流行期間，封鎖和跨境法規限制了勞動力的流動以及全球商品和原材料的供應。此外，由於大流行期間所有設施都關閉，最終用戶對液化天然氣的需求下降。預計天然氣需求顯著增加等因素將推動LNG液化終端市場。然而，預計天然氣價格的波動將在預測期內成為市場的製約因素。

主要亮點

• 加註、公路運輸和離網電力對 LNG 的需求不斷增長，預計將推動 LNG 液化終端市場。
• 預計在預測期內，對中小型 LNG 液化終端的投資增加將為 LNG 液化終端市場帶來巨大機遇。中小型液化天然氣液化終端的投資正在增加，因為這些中小型液化天然氣液化終端所需的資本投資明顯低於大型液化天然氣項目。
• 中東和非洲主導著液化終端市場。全球對液化天然氣的需求不斷增長，導致該地區對液化天然氣液化終端的投資增加。

主要市場趨勢

加註、公路運輸和離網發電對 LNG 的需求增加。

• 在過去十年中，隨著工業化和城市化進程的推進，全球範圍內的二氧化碳和溫室氣體有所增加。因此，為了減少二氧化碳和溫室氣體的排放，世界各國政府都在提倡使用天然氣作為發電和汽車的燃料。
• 為此，世界各國政府提出了各種支持措施來促進 CNG 和 LNG 車輛的普及，例如向汽車製造商和消費者提供補貼和免稅。
• 因此，在過去十年中，世界各地的天然氣消費量有所增加。例如，2012 年天然氣消費量約為 33,194 億立方米，預計 2021 年將增長 21% 以上，達到約 40,375 億立方米。
• 根據國際能源署 (IEA) 的數據，亞太地區的液化天然氣進口總量預計將從 2019 年的 69% 增長到 2025 年的 77%。預計到 2025 年，僅中國就佔液化天然氣總需求的 22%，佔預測期內進口總量增長的近 40%。印度也將引領液化天然氣增長，佔貿易總額的 20% 左右，我們預計 2019 年至 2025 年間進口將增長 50%，支持需求的強勁增長。
• 美國已成為 LNG 的重要運營基地。航運業嚴格的排放法規也在刺激美國和歐洲將液化天然氣作為船用燃料。在歐洲和美國，天然氣適合作為柴油的替代燃料這一事實是一個主要因素。歐盟有一項重要倡議，即硫排放控制區 (SECA)，美國也有一項平行計劃。
• 這些努力預計將在預測期內提振全球對 LNG 液化終端的需求。

預計中東和非洲將主導市場

• 中東和非洲包括卡塔爾、阿爾及利亞、尼日利亞、埃及、阿曼、也門、阿拉伯聯合酋長國和安哥拉等國家/地區。卡塔爾、阿爾及利亞和尼日利亞擁有世界上數量最多的液化天然氣液化設施。 2021年全球液化能力達到459.9 MTPA。卡塔爾、阿爾及利亞和尼日利亞的總裝機容量將在 2021 年達到 128.2 MTPA 左右。
• 在 2019 年之前，卡塔爾一直是最大的液化天然氣出口國。然而，2021年卡塔爾的出口量下降至21%，從2020年的7710萬噸降至7700萬噸，佔市場份額的21%。卡塔爾使用其生產的天然氣發電。到 2021 年，卡塔爾約 95% 的發電量將來自化石燃料。此外，該國將其生產的天然氣用作船舶和航行海洋的船舶的液化天然氣。
• 此外，阿爾及利亞是主要的天然氣生產國之一。據BP統計評論，2021年阿爾及利亞的天然氣產量將超過1000億立方米，比2020年增長約24%。該國也是天然氣淨出口國，2021年出口量將增長約10.4%至16.1bcm。其天然氣基礎設施網絡很好地滿足了國內天然氣需求，通過其現有網絡供應所有國內需求。
• 同樣，尼日利亞是世界上最大的液化天然氣出口國之一。自 1999 年尼日利亞 LNG 第一列火車投產以來，已建成年產 2250 萬噸（mtpa）的大型 LNG 出口綜合體。到2021年，中國將佔據全球液化天然氣出口市場6%的份額，成為全球第六大出口國。
• 根據國際天然氣聯盟的數據，卡塔爾批准的液化能力約為 32MTPA，尼日利亞約為 8MTPA，預計將在幾年內開始運營。這些市場發展預計將推動該地區的液化天然氣液化終端市場。

競爭格局

全球 LNG 液化終端市場是分散的。主要的市場進入者包括 McDermott、LNG ALLIANCE PTE LTD、Qatargas Operating Company Limited、Bechtel Corporation 和中國海洋石油總公司。

其他好處

• Excel 格式的市場預測 (ME) 表
• 三個月的分析師支持

內容

第一章介紹

• 調查範圍
• 市場定義
• 調查假設

第二章研究方法

第 3 章執行摘要

第 4 章市場概述

• 簡介
• 到 2027 年 LNG 液化終端的資本支出預測（單位：十億美元）
• 最近的趨勢和發展
• 政府法規和政策
• 市場動態
  • 驅動程序
  • 阻礙因素
• 供應鏈分析
• 波特五力分析
  • 供應商的議價能力
  • 消費者的議價能力
  • 新進入者的威脅
  • 替代品的威脅
  • 競爭公司之間的敵對關係

第 5 章市場細分

• 按地區
  • 北美
  • 歐洲
  • 亞太地區
  • 南美洲
  • 中東/非洲

第 6 章競爭格局

• 併購、合資、合作、協議
• 大公司採用的戰略
• 公司簡介
  • McDermott International Ltd
  • LNG ALLIANCE PTE LTD
  • Qatargas Operating Company Limited
  • Bechtel Corporation
  • China National Offshore Oil Corporation
  • TotalEnergies SE
  • Exxon Mobil Corporation
  • Shell PLC
  • Chevron Corporation
  • Petronet LNG Ltd

第7章 市場機會與未來動向

The global LNG liquefaction terminals market is expected to grow at a CAGR of more than 6% in the forecast period (2022-2027). During the COVID-19 pandemic, due to lockdown and cross-border restrictions, there were limitations on the movement of the workforce and the supply of goods & raw materials across the globe. Furthermore, the lockdown resulted in lower demand for LNG from its end user, as all facilities were shut down during the pandemic. Factors such as a significant rise in demand for natural gas are expected to drive the LNG liquefaction terminals market. However, the volatility in natural gas prices is expected to restrain the market during the forecast period.

Key Highlights

• Significant demand for the rising demand for LNG in bunkering, road transportation, and off-grid power is expected to drive the LNG liquefaction terminals market.
• The rising investment in small-scale and mid-scale LNG liquefaction terminals is expected to present a significant opportunity for the LNG liquefaction terminals market during the forecast period. These small-scale and mid-scale LNG liquefaction terminals require significantly lower capital investment than mega LNG projects, resulting in higher investment in small-scale and mid-scale LNG liquefaction terminals.
• Middle-East and Africa dominates the liquefaction terminals market. Due to rising demand for the LGN worldwide, the investment in LNG liquefaction terminals has increased in the region.

Key Market Trends

Rising the Demand for LNG in Bunkering, Road Transportation, and Off-grid Power.

• In the last decade, there has been a significant rise in industrialization and urbanization, which has resulted in a surge in carbon and greenhouse gases worldwide. Thus, to reduce carbon and greenhouse gas emissions, governments are promoting the utilization of natural gas in power generation and fuel in vehicles.
• Thus, governments are developing various supportive policies to increase the adoption of CNG and LNG-based vehicles, including providing subsidies and tax exemptions to automobile manufacturers and consumers.
• Resulting in increased natural gas consumption in the last decade across the globe. For instance, in 2012, the natural gas consumption was around 3,319.4 billion cubic meters which increased by more than 21% in 2021 to about 4,037.5 billion cubic meters.
• According to International Energy Agency, the Asia-Pacific region is expected to increase its total LNG imports from 69% in 2019 to 77% by 2025. China alone is anticipated to account for 22% of total LNG demand in 2025, contributing almost 40% of growth in total imports over the forecast period. India also leads LNG growth, accounting for about 20% of total trade, and sees its imports increase by 50% between 2019 and 2025 to support strong growth in demand.
• The United States is a significant locus of LNG activity. Stringent emission regulations in the marine sector also stimulate LNG as a bunker fuel in the United States and Europe. One of the biggest drivers in Europe and America is diesel replacement, for which natural gas is well suited. The European Union has the significant initiative of Sulfur Emission Control Areas (SECAs), and the United States has a parallel program.
• These initiatives are anticipated to boost the demand for LNG Liquefaction Terminals across the globe during the forecast period.

Middle East and Africa is Expected to Dominate the Market

• The Middle East and Africa include countries such as Qatar, Algeria, Nigeria, Egypt, Oman, Yemen, United Arab Emirates, and Angola. Qatar, Algeria, and Nigeria have the highest LNG liquefication facilities worldwide. Global liquefaction capacity reached 459.9 MTPA in 2021. Qatar, Algeria, and Nigeria had a total installed capacity of about 128.2 MTPA in 2021.
• Qatar continued to be the largest exporter of LNG until 2019. However, in 2021, Qatar's export volume dropped to the second position with a decrease export volume to 77 million tons accounting for 21% of the market share, compared to 77.1 million tons in 2020. Qatar utilizes its natural gas produced for electricity generation. In 2021, around 95% of the electricity generated in Qatar came from fossil fuels. Furthermore, the country utilizes its natural gas as LNG in ships or vessels operating on ocean water.
• Furthermore, Algeria is one of the major natural gas producers. In 2021, according to BP Statistical Review, natural gas production in Algeria surpassed 100 billion cubic meters, an increase of roughly 24% compared to 2020. The country is a net exporter of natural gas, whose export volume increased by around 10.4% to 16.1 bcm in 2021. The domestic natural gas demand is well covered by its gas infrastructure network, supplying all its domestic needs through its existing network.
• Similarly, Nigeria is one of the world's biggest exporters of LNG. Since the first train at Nigeria LNG was commissioned in 1999, the country has built a massive LNG export complex with a capacity of 22.5 million tons per annum (mtpa). In 2021, it held a 6% market share of the global LNG export market and was the world's sixth largest exporter of the commodity.
• According to the International Gas Union, Qatar and Nigeria have l approved liquefaction capacity of about 32 MTPA and 8 MTPA, which is expected to be operational in a couple of years. These developments are expected to drive the LNG liquefaction terminals market in the region.

Competitive Landscape

The global LNG liquefaction terminals market is fragmented. Some of the key players in the market include McDermott, LNG ALLIANCE PTE LTD, Qatargas Operating Company Limited, Bechtel Corporation, and China National Offshore Oil Corporation.

Additional Benefits:

• The market estimate (ME) sheet in Excel format
• 3 months of analyst support

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 INTRODUCTION

• 1.1 Scope of Study
• 1.2 Market Definition
• 1.3 Study Assumptions

2 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

4 MARKET OVERVIEW

• 4.1 Introduction
• 4.2 CAPEX Forecast for LNG Liquefaction Terminals in USD billion, till 2027
• 4.3 Recent Trends and Developments
• 4.4 Government Policies and Regulations
• 4.5 Market Dynamics
  • 4.5.1 Drivers
  • 4.5.2 Restraints
• 4.6 Supply Chain Analysis
• 4.7 Porter's Five Forces Analysis
  • 4.7.1 Bargaining Power of Suppliers
  • 4.7.2 Bargaining Power of Consumers
  • 4.7.3 Threat of New Entrants
  • 4.7.4 Threat of Substitute Products and Services
  • 4.7.5 Intensity of Competitive Rivalry

5 MARKET SEGMENTATION

• 5.1 Geography
  • 5.1.1 North America
  • 5.1.2 Europe
  • 5.1.3 Asia-Pacific
  • 5.1.4 South America
  • 5.1.5 Middel Eanst and Africa

6 COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE

• 6.1 Mergers & Acquisitions, Joint Ventures, Collaborations, and Agreements
• 6.2 Strategies Adopted by Leading Players
• 6.3 Company Profiles
  • 6.3.1 McDermott International Ltd
  • 6.3.2 LNG ALLIANCE PTE LTD
  • 6.3.3 Qatargas Operating Company Limited
  • 6.3.4 Bechtel Corporation
  • 6.3.5 China National Offshore Oil Corporation
  • 6.3.6 TotalEnergies SE
  • 6.3.7 Exxon Mobil Corporation
  • 6.3.8 Shell PLC
  • 6.3.9 Chevron Corporation
  • 6.3.10 Petronet LNG Ltd

7 MARKET OPPORTUNITIES AND FUTURE TRENDS