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市場調查報告書
商品編碼
1749261

午餐豬肉市場報告:至2031年的趨勢、預測與競爭分析

Pork Luncheon Meat Market Report: Trends, Forecast and Competitive Analysis to 2031

出版日期: | 出版商: Lucintel | 英文 150 Pages | 商品交期: 3個工作天內

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簡介目錄

全球午餐豬肉市場前景光明,線上銷售、超級市場和雜貨店都蘊藏著巨大的機會。預計2025-2031年期間,全球午餐豬肉市場將以4.2%的年複合成長率成長。推動此市場發展的關鍵因素包括:便捷即食食品需求的不斷成長、加工肉類消費的不斷成長,以及餐飲服務業對午餐豬肉的日益青睞。

  • Lucintel 預測,預測期內200 克以下類別將出現最高成長。
  • 從應用來看,超級市場預計將實現最高的成長。
  • 根據地區來看,預計亞太地區將在預測期內實現最高成長。

透過超過 150 頁的綜合報告獲取寶貴的見解,為業務決策提供資訊。

午餐豬肉市場的新趨勢

目前,午餐豬肉市場有幾個主要趨勢,顯示消費者需求發生變化,人們越來越關注健康和永續性,這些趨勢影響產品創新、行銷和整體市場成長。

  • 更健康的配方:如今,人們越來越傾向於選擇更健康的午餐豬肉。這類午餐豬肉產品含有較少的鈉和脂肪,且不含任何人工添加物或防腐劑。消費者越來越重視加工肉品的營養價值,製造商也不斷改進產品配方,以應對這些健康問題。這種趨勢為「更健康」的加工肉品創造了市場空間,以滿足更多注重健康的消費者的需求。
  • 天然/有機替代品:天然/有機午餐豬肉越來越受歡迎。消費者尋求由不使用抗生素或激素飼養的動物製成,並採用更少人工成分加工的產品。這一趨勢是潔淨標示運動的一部分,也是人們對食品生產透明度更高要求的一部分。企業正透過推出天然/有機替代品來吸引這些注重健康和道德的消費者。
  • 口味創新與多樣性:午餐豬肉市場經歷超越標準口味特徵的口味創新,以滿足不同的口味和使用場景:香辛料、煙燻味、草本味、烹飪風味等。這一趨勢目的是讓午餐豬肉對消費者來說更加令人興奮和多樣化,使其可用於各種餐點和小吃。
  • 符合道德和永續的採購:對動物福利和環境問題的擔憂推動了對符合道德和永續採購的午餐豬肉的需求。消費者越來越重視豬肉的來源和養殖方式。這一趨勢迫使製造商採取更永續的採購方式,並向消費者保證其動物福利和環境的考慮,以贏得消費者的信任。
  • 便利性和即食包裝:便利性一直是午餐豬肉的一大亮點,而符合當今生活方式的即食包裝也備受關注。預切片、單份包裝以及易於添加到三明治、沙拉和主食中的產品都體現了這方面。各公司開發易於攜帶和使用的新型包裝解決方案,以吸引那些尋求便利蛋白質來源的忙碌消費者。

這些新興市場趨勢重新定義午餐豬肉市場,推動產品開發朝著更健康、更美味、更永續的方向發展。對天然成分和便利包裝的關注也塑造消費者對午餐豬肉的認知和消費方式。

午餐豬肉市場近期趨勢

由於消費者觀念的變化和食品加工技術的進步,午餐豬肉市場近年來出現了許多重大趨勢,對產品、市場狀況和消費者態度產生了影響。

  • 推出低鈉低脂產品:近期值得關注的趨勢是,低鈉低脂午餐豬肉的供應量日益增加。製造商透過改進產品配方來應對健康問題,提供更健康的替代品。他們採用替代的加工方法和配料,在不顯著影響口感和口感的情況下,降低鈉和脂肪的含量。
  • 風味和調味產品的成長:風味和調味午餐豬肉產品市場成長顯著。各公司推出融合香辛料、香草和煙燻風味的多種產品,以滿足不同的口味和食用習慣。這些創新的目標是讓午餐豬肉成為更多食物的配料,而不僅僅是三明治。
  • 強調天然和低農藥成分:順應潔淨標示趨勢,午餐豬肉定位為採用天然和減重農藥成分製成的產品,含有更少的人工添加劑和防腐劑,不含硝酸鹽、亞硝酸鹽和其他人工成分,以吸引尋求更健康選擇的消費者。
  • 便利多樣的包裝發展:越來越多的製造商提供各種便捷的午餐豬肉包裝形式,包括可重複密封的容器、獨立包裝和切片產品,以滿足不同的消費者需求並保持產品新鮮度。包裝也變得更具吸引力和資訊豐富,突出產品屬性,例如天然成分和低鈉含量。
  • 更重視永續採購溝通:有些品牌開始優先宣傳其永續的豬肉,包括提及動物福利和環境政策,以吸引那些越來越關注食品購買的道德和環境足跡的消費者。

這五項重大發展影響午餐豬肉產業,它們推動著產品創新,追求更健康、更美味的選擇,注重天然成分和環保方法,並滿足消費者對便利性的需求。這些發展共同體現了該行業對不斷變化的消費者需求以及健康和道德問題的應對。

目錄

第1章 執行摘要

第2章 全球午餐豬肉市場:市場動態

  • 簡介、背景和分類
  • 供應鏈
  • 產業驅動力與挑戰

第3章 市場趨勢與預測分析(2019-2031)

  • 宏觀經濟趨勢(2019-2024)及預測(2025-2031)
  • 全球午餐豬肉市場趨勢(2019-2024)及預測(2025-2031)
  • 全球午餐豬肉市場(依類型)
    • 200克以下
    • 200~400g
    • 超過400克
  • 全球午餐豬肉市場(依應用)
    • 網路銷售
    • 超級市場
    • 雜貨店

第4章 區域市場趨勢與預測分析(2019-2031)

  • 依地區
  • 北美洲
  • 歐洲
  • 亞太地區
  • 其他地區

第5章 競爭分析

  • 產品系列分析
  • 運作整合
  • 波特五力分析

第6章 成長機會與策略分析

  • 成長機會分析
    • 依類型
    • 依用途
    • 依地區
  • 全球午餐豬肉市場的新趨勢
  • 戰略分析
    • 新產品開發
    • 全球午餐豬肉市場產能擴張
    • 全球午餐豬肉市場的併購與合資
    • 認證和許可

第7章 主要企業簡介

  • Hormel Foods
  • Danish Crown
  • Zwanenberg Food Group
  • Conagra Brands
  • San Miguel
  • CDO Foodsphere
  • Golden Bridge Foods
  • Lotte Foods
  • Shanghai Maling Aquarius
  • Tianjin Great Wall
簡介目錄

The future of the global pork luncheon meat market looks promising with opportunities in the online sale, supermarket, and grocery store markets. The global pork luncheon meat market is expected to grow with a CAGR of 4.2% from 2025 to 2031. The major drivers for this market are the rising demand for convenient & ready-to-eat food products, the growing consumption of processed meat products, and the increasing adoption in the foodservice industry.

  • Lucintel forecasts that, within the type category, below 200g is expected to witness the highest growth over the forecast period.
  • Within the application category, supermarket is expected to witness the highest growth.
  • In terms of region, APAC is expected to witness the highest growth over the forecast period.

Gain valuable insights for your business decisions with our comprehensive 150+ page report. Sample figures with some insights are shown below.

Emerging Trends in the Pork Luncheon Meat Market

The pork luncheon meat market is presently being defined by a few important trends that are indicative of changing consumer demands and increased concern for health and sustainability. These trends are having an impact on product innovation, marketing, and market growth in general.

  • Healthier Formulations: The trend towards healthier luncheon meat pork options is a major one. These consist of products with lower sodium, less fat, and no artificial additives or preservatives. Consumers are getting more aware of the nutritional content of processed meat, and as such, manufacturers are reformulating their products to address these health issues. The trend is creating room for "better-for-you" versions which are seeking to cater to a larger health-conscious consumer population.
  • Natural and Organic Alternatives: Natural and organic pork luncheon meat is increasingly popular. Consumers are looking for products from animals raised without antibiotics or hormones and processed with fewer artificial ingredients. This trend is part of a larger clean label movement and an aspiration for greater transparency in food production. Companies are reacting by introducing organic and natural alternatives to appeal to this health and ethically aware segment.
  • Flavor Innovation and Variety: In order to target various palates and use occasions, the pork luncheon meat market is experiencing flavor innovation beyond standard savory profiles. These incorporate the launch of spiced, smoked, and herb-infused variants, and cuisine-inspired flavors. This trend is intended to render pork luncheon meat more exciting and versatile to the consumer, inviting its use in a variety of meals and snacks.
  • Ethical and Sustainable Sourcing: Animal welfare and environmental concerns are fueling demand for pork luncheon meat that is ethically and sustainably sourced. Consumers are becoming more interested in the source of the pork and the farming methods used. This trend is forcing manufacturers to be more sustainable in their sourcing and to assure consumers of their animal welfare and environmental concerns in order to gain their trust.
  • Convenience and Ready-to-Eat Packaging: Convenience has long been important for luncheon meat, and the focus remains on ready-to-eat packaging that accommodates lifestyles today. Pre-slicing, single-serve packaging, and products that are easy to add to sandwiches, salads, and fast meals all represent aspects of this. Companies are developing new packaging solutions that provide easier portability and convenience use, appealing to active consumers looking for convenient sources of protein.

These nascent trends are working together to redefine the pork luncheon meat market by pushing product development toward healthier, tastier, and more sustainably made products. The focus on natural ingredients and convenient packaging is also shaping consumers' attitudes toward and consumption of pork luncheon meat within their diets.

Recent Developments in the Pork Luncheon Meat Market

The market for pork luncheon meat has witnessed a number of significant developments over the past recent past due to changing consumer attitudes and advances in food processing technology. These trends are affecting product, market conditions, and consumer attitude.

  • Introduction of Reduced-Sodium and Fat Products: One of the notable recent trends is the greater availability of pork luncheon meat that contains less sodium and fat. Manufacturers are adapting to health considerations by reformulating products to provide healthier alternatives. They are accomplishing this through the application of alternative processing methods and ingredients to attain these reductions without much loss in taste or texture.
  • Growth in Flavored and Seasoned Versions: There has been a clear growth in the scope of flavored and seasoned versions of pork luncheon meat. Businesses are launching variations with incorporated spices, herbs, and smoke flavors to satisfy the different taste palates and usage patterns. The goal behind this innovation is to make luncheon meat more appealing as an ingredient in numerous foods beyond just straightforward sandwiches.
  • Greater Emphasis on Natural and Reduced Ingredients: In line with the clean label trend, additional pork luncheon meat items are being positioned as having natural and reduced ingredients, with reduced artificial additives and preservatives. Included is placing more emphasis on having no nitrates, nitrites, and other man-made ingredients to appeal to consumers seeking health-oriented options.
  • Convenient and Diverse Packaging Development: More and more manufacturers are providing pork luncheon meat in diverse convenient packaging forms, including resealable containers, single-serve packs, and sliced products. This meets the different needs of consumption and keeps the product fresh. Packaging also becomes more attractive and informative, emphasizing product characteristics such as natural ingredients or reduced sodium content.
  • Increased Focus on Communicating Sustainable Sourcing: Certain brands are starting to prioritize communicating that they follow sustainable sourcing for pork, such as mentioning animal welfare and environmental policies. The idea is to appeal to consumers who are more and more concerned about the ethics and environmental footprint of their food purchases.

These five major developments are influencing the pork luncheon meat industry by propelling product innovation towards healthier and tastier choices, focusing on natural ingredients and eco-friendly approaches, and responding to consumer demand for convenience. These developments overall demonstrate the industry's response to changing consumer demand and health and ethics issues.

Strategic Growth Opportunities in the Pork Luncheon Meat Market

The pork luncheon meat market offers numerous strategic growth opportunities if its multifarious applications and changing consumer preferences are taken into consideration. If these strategic areas are addressed by the manufacturers, they can capture new market segments and improve their growth prospects.

  • Convenient Protein Source for Quick Meals: Another major growth potential is in further establishing pork luncheon meat as a convenient and versatile protein source for quick and easy meals. This involves encouraging its use in sandwiches, salads, wraps, and as a pizza or pasta dish topping. Emphasizing its simplicity of preparation and extended shelf life can attract busy consumers looking for fast meal solutions.
  • Budget Friendly Family Food Ingredient: Luncheon pork meat can be positioned as a cheap and filling ingredient for budget-minded families. Creating recipes and ideas for using luncheon meat in value-for-money dishes can promote consumption in this segment. Highlighting its role as an everyday protein for family meals can make it more appealing.
  • Portable and Non-Refrigerated Snack Opportunity: There is an opportunity to develop and sell pork luncheon meat as a portable and non-refrigerated snack, especially in convenient single-serve packaging. This can serve on-the-go consumers in need of a protein-based snack that does not need to be refrigerated, for example, for hiking, travel, or lunch boxes.
  • Tasty Addition to International and Fusion Cuisine: Investigating the application of flavored pork luncheon meat in international and fusion cuisine is a distinct growth prospect. The creation of varieties based on spices and seasonings drawn from various culinary cultures has the potential to expose luncheon meat to novel flavors and use occasions, catering to the adventurous consumer and multicultural tastes.
  • Component of Emergency Preparedness and Long-Term Storage: The canned pork luncheon meat's long shelf life offers an opportunity for growth in the market for emergency preparedness and long-term food storage. Positioning it as a dependable and shelf-stable protein source for emergency kits and pantry supplies can fulfill a particular consumer demand for preparedness and food security.

Through thoughtful targeting of these five major applications, pork luncheon meat makers will be able to diversify market penetration, serve different needs in consumers, and tap out important growth prospects in a convenience-oriented market normally considered to represent plain convenience. Being aware of the particular demand and preference dynamics of each application will be vital in creating segment-specific product sets and marketing tactics.

Pork Luncheon Meat Market Driver and Challenges

The pork luncheon meat market is shaped by a dynamic combination of drivers and challenges that emanate from multiple technological, economic, and regulatory factors. Understanding these forces is important to help stakeholders make their way in the market successfully and leverage new opportunities.

The factors responsible for driving the pork luncheon meat market include:

1. Demand from Consumers for Convenient Foods: The main catalyst for the pork luncheon meat industry is the continuing consumer demand for convenient and easy-to-consume food that responds to hectic lifestyles. The high shelf life and convenience of luncheon meat contribute to it being a top option for instant meals and snacks.

2. Affordability as a Protein Source: Luncheon meat pork tends to be an affordable source of protein relative to fresh meats, and thus it is a cost-effective choice for many consumers, especially during periods of economic restriction.

3. Long Shelf Life and Easy Storage: The long shelf life and ambient storage properties of canned pork luncheon meat are factors in its popularity as a pantry staple and as an easy option for emergency preparedness.

4. Flexibility in Multiple Recipes: Pork luncheon meat is readily adaptable to a variety of recipes, ranging from basic sandwiches to more sophisticated meals, contributing to its flexibility and consumer popularity.

5. Worldwide Availability and Well-Developed Distribution Channels: Pork luncheon meat has been consumed for centuries in most regions of the globe, resulting in well-developed production and distribution channels that provide universal availability.

Challenges in the pork luncheon meat market are:

1. Negative Perceptions of Processed Meat Health: One major challenge is the negative health perceptions that come with consuming processed meat, such as high sodium and fat levels, and associations with specific health risks. This can discourage health-oriented consumers.

2. Healthier Protein Competitors: The industry is increasingly competing with healthier protein substitutes like poultry, fish, plant proteins, and lower-fat processed meat varieties.

3. Regulatory Scrutiny and Labeling Requirements: Processed meat products are often subject to regulatory scrutiny regarding ingredients, additives, and labeling requirements, which can impact production processes and marketing strategies.

The key drivers such as consumer convenience, affordability, long shelf life, versatility, and worldwide availability drive the continuous consumption of pork luncheon meat. Nevertheless, the major challenges in terms of adverse health images, competition from healthier options, and regulatory attention necessitate the manufacturers to innovate with healthier options, clear labeling, and sustainability to retain and expand their market share in the changing food landscape.

List of Pork Luncheon Meat Companies

Companies in the market compete on the basis of product quality offered. Major players in this market focus on expanding their manufacturing facilities, R&D investments, infrastructural development, and leverage integration opportunities across the value chain. With these strategies pork luncheon meat companies cater increasing demand, ensure competitive effectiveness, develop innovative products & technologies, reduce production costs, and expand their customer base. Some of the pork luncheon meat companies profiled in this report include-

  • Hormel Foods
  • Danish Crown
  • Zwanenberg Food Group
  • Conagra Brands
  • San Miguel
  • CDO Foodsphere
  • Golden Bridge Foods
  • Lotte Foods
  • Shanghai Maling Aquarius
  • Tianjin Great Wall

Pork Luncheon Meat Market by Segment

The study includes a forecast for the global pork luncheon meat market by type, application, and region.

Pork Luncheon Meat Market by Type [Value from 2019 to 2031]:

  • Below 200g
  • 200 ~ 400g
  • Above 400g

Pork Luncheon Meat Market by Application [Value from 2019 to 2031]:

  • Online Sales
  • Supermarket
  • Grocery Store

Pork Luncheon Meat Market by Region [Value from 2019 to 2031]:

  • North America
  • Europe
  • Asia Pacific
  • The Rest of the World

Country Wise Outlook for the Pork Luncheon Meat Market

The pork luncheon meat industry are a multifaceted balance of consumer demand, health issues, and local eating patterns. Although historically a convenient and economical source of protein, the industry is now seeing moves towards healthier formulations, innovative taste, and more sustainable manufacturing processes. Consumer perception of processed meat use is now impacting product innovation, with producers testing alternatives such as lower sodium and fat levels. Regional differences in usage patterns and the cultural impact of local dishes are also important determinants of market behavior across the United States, China, Germany, India, and Japan. The market is responding to these changing demands by adopting product innovation and niche marketing strategies.

  • United States: The US pork luncheon meat market is mature, with well-established brands and a convenience focus. Recent trends involve the launch of lower-sodium and lower-fat options to appeal to health-conscious consumers. Flavored varieties and natural ingredients are also gaining interest. Private label brands account for a large percentage, frequently competing on price. The market is experiencing some innovation in packaging for improved shelf life and convenience. Consumption is holding steady, but manufacturers are adjusting to health trends to preserve market share.
  • China: China's pork luncheon meat market is growing, fueled by urbanization and shifting dietary patterns. With the growing popularity of convenience foods, pork luncheon meat is also becoming increasingly popular, especially among younger generations. Recent trends involve the launching of different flavors based on local preferences and greater access through online shopping outlets. The market is dominated by domestic production, with a few foreign brands available. There is an increasing focus on food safety and quality standards.
  • Germany: Germany's pork luncheon meat market is established, with a penchant for high-quality, traditionally processed products. New trends involve emphasis on organic and sustainably sourced pork for luncheon meat manufacturing. There is also a move towards fewer additives and more natural flavorings. Regional differences in recipes and processing are important. Taste and quality tend to take precedence over price for consumers. The market is characterized by consistent demand for traditional types as well as healthier versions.
  • India: The Indian market for pork luncheon meat is extremely small and niche. Consumption of pork is restricted by cultural and religious factors. Recent trends are negligible, with pork luncheon meat mainly found in certain urban centers with large expatriate communities or specialty outlets. The market is heavily reliant on imports. Any expansion will be gradual and limited to certain segments. The idea of processed pork luncheon meat is not commonly incorporated in mainstream Indian cooking.
  • Japan: The Japanese market for pork luncheon meat is fairly stable, with an emphasis on quality and convenience. It is frequently utilized in sandwiches, as a side dish, or in basic meals. Recent trends involve the launch of reduced-sodium and additive-free options. There is also a movement towards smaller packaging sizes for single-person households. Domestic production is high, with some imports. Convenience and quality are important to consumers.

Features of the Global Pork Luncheon Meat Market

Market Size Estimates: Pork luncheon meat market size estimation in terms of value ($B).

Trend and Forecast Analysis: Market trends (2019 to 2024) and forecast (2025 to 2031) by various segments and regions.

Segmentation Analysis: Pork luncheon meat market size by type, application, and region in terms of value ($B).

Regional Analysis: Pork luncheon meat market breakdown by North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, and Rest of the World.

Growth Opportunities: Analysis of growth opportunities in different type, application, and regions for the pork luncheon meat market.

Strategic Analysis: This includes M&A, new product development, and competitive landscape of the pork luncheon meat market.

Analysis of competitive intensity of the industry based on Porter's Five Forces model.

This report answers following 11 key questions:

  • Q.1. What are some of the most promising, high-growth opportunities for the pork luncheon meat market by type (below 200g, 200 ~ 400g, and above 400g), application (online sales, supermarket, and grocery store), and region (North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, and the Rest of the World)?
  • Q.2. Which segments will grow at a faster pace and why?
  • Q.3. Which region will grow at a faster pace and why?
  • Q.4. What are the key factors affecting market dynamics? What are the key challenges and business risks in this market?
  • Q.5. What are the business risks and competitive threats in this market?
  • Q.6. What are the emerging trends in this market and the reasons behind them?
  • Q.7. What are some of the changing demands of customers in the market?
  • Q.8. What are the new developments in the market? Which companies are leading these developments?
  • Q.9. Who are the major players in this market? What strategic initiatives are key players pursuing for business growth?
  • Q.10. What are some of the competing products in this market and how big of a threat do they pose for loss of market share by material or product substitution?
  • Q.11. What M&A activity has occurred in the last 5 years and what has its impact been on the industry?

Table of Contents

1. Executive Summary

2. Global Pork Luncheon Meat Market : Market Dynamics

  • 2.1: Introduction, Background, and Classifications
  • 2.2: Supply Chain
  • 2.3: Industry Drivers and Challenges

3. Market Trends and Forecast Analysis from 2019 to 2031

  • 3.1. Macroeconomic Trends (2019-2024) and Forecast (2025-2031)
  • 3.2. Global Pork Luncheon Meat Market Trends (2019-2024) and Forecast (2025-2031)
  • 3.3: Global Pork Luncheon Meat Market by Type
    • 3.3.1: Below 200g
    • 3.3.2: 200 ~ 400g
    • 3.3.3: Above 400g
  • 3.4: Global Pork Luncheon Meat Market by Application
    • 3.4.1: Online Sales
    • 3.4.2: Supermarket
    • 3.4.3: Grocery Store

4. Market Trends and Forecast Analysis by Region from 2019 to 2031

  • 4.1: Global Pork Luncheon Meat Market by Region
  • 4.2: North American Pork Luncheon Meat Market
    • 4.2.1: North American Market by Type: Below 200g, 200 ~ 400g, and Above 400g
    • 4.2.2: North American Market by Application: Online Sales, Supermarket, and Grocery Store
  • 4.3: European Pork Luncheon Meat Market
    • 4.3.1: European Market by Type: Below 200g, 200 ~ 400g, and Above 400g
    • 4.3.2: European Market by Application: Online Sales, Supermarket, and Grocery Store
  • 4.4: APAC Pork Luncheon Meat Market
    • 4.4.1: APAC Market by Type: Below 200g, 200 ~ 400g, and Above 400g
    • 4.4.2: APAC Market by Application: Online Sales, Supermarket, and Grocery Store
  • 4.5: ROW Pork Luncheon Meat Market
    • 4.5.1: ROW Market by Type: Below 200g, 200 ~ 400g, and Above 400g
    • 4.5.2: ROW Market by Application: Online Sales, Supermarket, and Grocery Store

5. Competitor Analysis

  • 5.1: Product Portfolio Analysis
  • 5.2: Operational Integration
  • 5.3: Porter's Five Forces Analysis

6. Growth Opportunities and Strategic Analysis

  • 6.1: Growth Opportunity Analysis
    • 6.1.1: Growth Opportunities for the Global Pork Luncheon Meat Market by Type
    • 6.1.2: Growth Opportunities for the Global Pork Luncheon Meat Market by Application
    • 6.1.3: Growth Opportunities for the Global Pork Luncheon Meat Market by Region
  • 6.2: Emerging Trends in the Global Pork Luncheon Meat Market
  • 6.3: Strategic Analysis
    • 6.3.1: New Product Development
    • 6.3.2: Capacity Expansion of the Global Pork Luncheon Meat Market
    • 6.3.3: Mergers, Acquisitions, and Joint Ventures in the Global Pork Luncheon Meat Market
    • 6.3.4: Certification and Licensing

7. Company Profiles of Leading Players

  • 7.1: Hormel Foods
  • 7.2: Danish Crown
  • 7.3: Zwanenberg Food Group
  • 7.4: Conagra Brands
  • 7.5: San Miguel
  • 7.6: CDO Foodsphere
  • 7.7: Golden Bridge Foods
  • 7.8: Lotte Foods
  • 7.9: Shanghai Maling Aquarius
  • 7.10: Tianjin Great Wall