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電池能源儲存

市場調查報告書

商品編碼

2148266

重力儲能市場規模、佔有率和成長預測（2026-2032 年）

Gravity Energy Storage Market Size, Share & Growth Forecast (2026-2032)

出版日期: 2026年09月28日 | 出版商:

Knowledge Sourcing Intelligence | 英文 156 Pages | 商品交期: 最快1-2個工作天內

價格

簡介目錄

重力儲能市場預計到 2026 年價值 4.2 億美元，預計到 2032 年將達到 32 億美元。這意味著在預測期內，複合年成長率將達到 40.3%。

人工重力儲能基於與抽水蓄能水力發電廠相同的物理原理，但對儲能介質和基礎設施進行了替換或改進。在陸地系統中，電力充足時，利用馬達或機械輸送機提升重物；電力不足時，則透過再生驅動裝置將其降低。在礦井系統中，重物吊掛在深邃的垂直豎井中，利用現有工業結構移動數百公尺。高密度液壓系統在上下水庫之間泵送密度遠大於水的流體，從而降低在指定能量容量下所需的高度和面積。因此，該市場更取決於基礎設施架構，而非特定的儲能材料。功率容量取決於馬達、發電機、提昇機、泵浦、渦輪機和電力電子設備。能量容量取決於質量、高度差、工作流體的密度和可用行程距離。這些系統可以提供能量轉移、頻率響應、容量支援和電網劣化服務。由於諸如塊體、鋼塊和流體等主要儲存介質每次循環的損耗都很小，一些平台的設計壽命可達數十年。商業性可行性很大程度上取決於土木工程和場地配置。地面安裝系統需要一個能夠安全且重複移動巨大質量的結構。礦井安裝系統可以降低開挖成本，但需要進行隧道狀況評估、結構加固和礦場安全措施。液壓系統需要儲槽或油箱以及穩定的工作流體特性。因此，最有價值的安裝地點是那些擁有現有電網連接、土地、高程或可改造利用的地下基礎設施的地點。

市場促進因素

可再生能源電網需要具有長技術壽命和靈活運作的儲能系統。隨著風能和太陽能的擴張，對無需每隔幾年進行電化學充電即可運作數小時的儲能系統的需求日益成長。 Energy Vault 的 G-VAULT 系列產品可實現 4 至 24 小時的運作，資產壽命超過 35 年。 Gravitrity 的礦坑隧道系統設計壽命超過 50 年。這些特性使其適用於那些優先考慮長壽命、頻繁充放電循環和數十年穩定容量的應用情境。
廢棄礦井和工業用地蘊藏著巨大的再利用潛力。礦井關閉後，寶貴的隧道、電網連接、道路、車間和熟練勞動力資源往往閒置。地下重力儲能技術可以將這些資產轉化為能源轉型的一部分。 Green Gravity公司正在新南威爾斯的Russell Vale礦場進行試驗，並評估印度礦井的潛力。 Gravitricity公司已確定數百個潛在場地，並正與歐洲及其他地區的礦業公司和工程合作夥伴合作。 Energy Vault公司正在撒丁島開發一個地下重力儲能複合項目，該項目利用了一個500公尺深的礦井。
無煤轉型計畫將開闢第二條推廣途徑。燃煤發電廠的關閉將釋放出可連接電網的土地、工業用地，以及大量的煤灰和其他可回收的材料。根據能源庫（Energy Vault）與南非電力公司（Eskom）於2026年達成的協議，南非首個EVx 2.0計畫計畫在亨德里納（Hendrina）電廠啟動。該項目還計劃利用煤炭燃燒產生的煤灰，並將其儲存在高架儲槽中。類似的再利用不僅可以降低場地開發成本，還能支持受火力電廠關閉影響地區的就業和當地供應鏈。
機械儲能可以避免電池材料和消防安全的許多限制。重力儲能系統不依賴鋰、鎳或鈷等儲能介質，也不會發生熱失控。複合材料塊可以使用本地採購或回收材料。吊掛重可以使用傳統的鋼材或混凝土。液壓系統使用可重複利用的工作流體。這減少了對原料的依賴，並簡化了消防安全要求，尤其是在大規模工業場所。當土地和結構成本可控，且優先考慮長時間運作而非體積能量密度時，此優勢最為顯著。

市場限制因素

重力儲能技術仍處於商業化初期，除極少數項目外，營運經驗有限。該系統需要大規模的土木、結構和機械工程專業知識。項目經濟效益因位置而異。地上結構會影響景觀和土地利用。隧道工程需要進行詳細的土壤工程和安全評估。液壓系統取決於合適的海拔高度和儲槽配置。資本成本集中在初期階段。開發週期可能比貨櫃式儲能電池更長。在更多資產證明其長期可用性和可維護性之前，企劃案融資仍面臨挑戰。此外，目前的供應商基礎較為狹窄，技術和交易對象的集中度日益提高。

促進因素
- 調整長壽命可再生能源的供需
- 採礦和工業用地再利用
- 擺脫煤炭的基礎設施
- 重要材料且火災風險低
抑制因子
- 早期商業表現
- 土木工程和結構工程的資本成本
- 場地特定工程
- 供應商集中度與專案資金籌措可能性

第11章競爭格局

懸浮技術開發公司
礦用豎井式重力給料機的開發商
高密度水力儲能
EPC、起吊裝置和馬達-發電機生態系統
與公共產業、礦主和產業建立合作關係。

第12章：公司簡介

第13章近期趨勢

第14章附錄

簡介目錄

The Gravity Energy Storage Market is estimated at USD 0.42 billion in 2026 and is projected to reach USD 3.20 billion by 2032, representing a CAGR of 40.3% during the forecast period.

Engineered gravity storage follows the same physical principle as pumped hydro but replaces or modifies the storage medium and infrastructure. Above-ground systems use motors and mechanical handling equipment to lift heavy masses when electricity is abundant and lower them through regenerative drives when electricity is needed. Mine-shaft systems suspend weights in deep vertical shafts, allowing the mass to travel hundreds of metres while using existing industrial structures. High-density hydraulic systems pump a fluid substantially denser than water between upper and lower reservoirs, reducing the height and footprint required for a given energy capacity. The market is therefore defined more by infrastructure architecture than by one storage chemistry. Power capacity depends on motors, generators, hoists, pumps, turbines and power electronics. Energy capacity depends on mass, elevation difference, working-fluid density and the usable travel distance. These systems can provide energy shifting, frequency response, capacity support and grid-stability services. Several platforms are designed for multi-decade life because the principal storage medium, whether blocks, steel weights or fluid, experiences limited cycle-related degradation. Commercial economics depend strongly on civil works and site configuration. Above-ground systems need structures capable of moving very large masses safely and repeatedly. Mine-based systems can reduce excavation cost but require shaft-condition assessment, structural reinforcement and mine-safety work. Hydraulic variants need reservoirs or tanks and stable working-fluid properties. The highest-value sites are therefore those where grid connection, land, elevation or underground infrastructure already exists and can be repurposed.

Market Drivers

Renewable grids require storage with long technical life and flexible duration. Wind and solar growth is increasing demand for storage assets that can operate for several hours without requiring electrochemical augmentation every few years. Energy Vault positions its G-VAULT family for four- to 24-hour duration with asset lives of 35 years or more. Gravitricity cites a design life above 50 years for mine-shaft systems. These characteristics support applications where owners value long service life, frequent cycling and stable capacity over decades.
Retired mines and industrial sites create a large repurposing opportunity. Mine closure can leave valuable shafts, grid connections, roads, workshops and skilled workforces underutilized. Underground gravity storage can turn those assets into part of the energy transition. Green Gravity is progressing a trial at the Russell Vale mine in New South Wales and is assessing mine-shaft opportunities in India. Gravitricity has identified hundreds of potential sites and is working with mine operators and engineering partners in Europe and other regions. Energy Vault is developing an underground gravity-plus-battery project in Sardinia using 500-metre-deep mine shafts.
Coal-transition projects create a second pathway for deployment. Coal power station retirement creates sites with transmission access, industrial land and large volumes of ash or other reusable material. Energy Vault's 2026 agreement with Eskom plans the first South African EVx 2.0 project at the Hendrina Power Station. It includes the potential to use coal-combustion ash in the lifted storage blocks. Similar repurposing can reduce site-development cost while supporting employment and local supply chains in regions affected by thermal-plant closures.
Mechanical storage avoids several battery-material and fire-safety constraints. Gravity systems do not depend on lithium, nickel or cobalt for the storage medium and do not experience thermal runaway. Composite blocks can use locally sourced or recycled materials. Suspended weights can use conventional steel and concrete. Hydraulic systems use reusable working fluids. This can reduce commodity exposure and simplify fire-protection requirements, particularly at large industrial sites. The benefit is most relevant where land and structural costs are manageable and long-duration operation matters more than volumetric energy density.

Market Restraints

Gravity storage remains an early commercial market with limited operating history outside a small number of projects. The systems require substantial civil, structural and mechanical engineering. Project economics can vary widely by site. Above-ground structures have visual and land-use impacts. Mine-shaft projects require detailed geotechnical and safety assessment. Hydraulic systems depend on suitable elevation and reservoir configuration. Capital cost is front-loaded. Development timelines can be longer than containerized batteries. Project finance remains difficult until more assets demonstrate long-term availability and maintenance performance. The current supplier base is also narrow, increasing technology and counterparty concentration.

Technology and Segment Insights

Above-ground lifted-solid-mass systems are the most commercially advanced engineered-gravity category. Energy Vault's Rudong project is already operating. Follow-on projects are being developed in China and South Africa. The architecture uses large mobile masses moved vertically within a purpose-built structure. It offers high round-trip efficiency and long storage-medium life but requires substantial structural works and a suitable project footprint.
Underground mine-shaft systems are the most attractive repurposing pathway. Gravitricity and Green Gravity use existing vertical shafts to move suspended masses. This reduces the need to construct a full above-ground tower. The commercial opportunity depends on mine depth, shaft condition, grid access and decommissioning schedules. High-density hydraulic storage sits between gravity storage and pumped hydro. It still uses hydraulic potential energy. A denser fluid enables commercial projects on smaller hills and industrial sites that would not support conventional pumped storage.
Above-ground lifted mass raises and lowers composite blocks or solid masses. Its typical sites are industrial land, grid nodes and renewable sites. It is the most commercially advanced engineered-gravity category. Mine-shaft suspended mass moves weights vertically through existing shafts. Its typical sites are retired coal and mineral mines. It has strong repurposing potential and is at early commercial stage. Modular underground gravity uses mass or hydraulic elements within mine and shaft infrastructure. Its typical sites are deep mines and underground industrial sites. It is moving toward hybrid commercial projects. High-density hydro pumps dense fluid between different elevations. Its typical sites are hills, quarries, mines and industrial land. Its commercialization is accelerating after a 2026 demonstration. Building-integrated gravity lifts masses within tall structures. Its typical sites are very tall buildings and mixed-use infrastructure. It is a longer-term development pathway. Hybrid gravity plus battery uses gravity for duration and batteries for fast response. Its typical sites are mine sites and grid-constrained nodes. It is an emerging architecture for multi-service operation.
The market is segmented by technology architecture, storage duration, application, site type, project scale and geography. Technology architectures include above-ground lifted-mass systems, mine-shaft suspended-mass systems, modular underground gravity systems, high-density hydro systems, building-integrated gravity systems, and hybrid gravity plus battery systems. Storage durations include below 4 hours, 4-8 hours, 8-12 hours, 12-24 hours, and above 24 hours. Applications include renewable energy shifting, grid capacity and reliability, frequency and ancillary services, renewable curtailment reduction, mine and coal-plant repurposing, and industrial and remote energy systems. Site types include purpose-built above-ground sites, retired coal mines, metal and mineral mines, quarries and industrial sites, and retired thermal-power sites. Project scales include below 10 MW, 10-50 MW, 50-100 MW, and above 100 MW.
Commercial gravity storage is moving from pilots into 100 MWh-class projects and multi-gigawatt-hour development frameworks. Lifted-solid-mass systems offer long asset life and avoid electrochemical capacity degradation in the storage medium. Mine-shaft systems can repurpose existing vertical infrastructure, grid connections and mining-sector skills. High-density hydro expands gravity storage into sites with lower elevation differences than conventional pumped hydro. Asia Pacific leads current commercial deployment, while Africa, Europe and Australia are expanding the development pipeline.

Competitive and Strategic Outlook

Energy Vault is the most commercially advanced supplier in engineered gravity storage. It is supported by the operating Rudong project, additional China projects, the South African Eskom agreement and the Sardinian mine development. Its current G-VAULT portfolio spans lifted-mass, mine-based and modular hydraulic gravity concepts. The company's EVx 2.0 design also focuses on automated construction, recycled material use and localized manufacturing.
Gravitricity is developing suspended-mass systems for deep mine shafts. It has built a project pipeline across Europe, South Africa, India, Australia and the United States. Green Gravity is pursuing a multi-weight mine-shaft architecture from Australia and is moving toward underground field trials. RheEnergise offers a distinct High-Density Hydro approach using a fluid substantially denser than water. This enables smaller elevation differences and smaller reservoirs than conventional pumped storage.
Project and ecosystem partners include China Tianying and Atlas Renewable in China, Eskom in South Africa, Carbosulcis in Italy, ABB and Baker Hughes in engineering, and mine owners such as Wollongong Resources. These organizations support deployment, site access, engineering or project development but are not counted as standalone gravity-storage technology competitors.
Asia Pacific is the largest current market for engineered gravity energy storage. China hosts the first commercial-scale operating project and the deepest announced pipeline of lifted-mass systems. Energy Vault's 25 MW and 100 MWh Rudong system in Jiangsu Province is fully grid interconnected and commissioned. The 17 MW and 68 MWh Zhangye system in Gansu Province provides a second commercial-scale reference. Earlier announcements also identified several additional Chinese projects. This gives the region a stronger installed and near-term construction base than other markets.
China's advantage comes from rapid renewable build-out, large grid-balancing requirements and the ability to localize heavy structural materials and construction. Gravity systems are well matched to local supply chains. Concrete, steel, motors and civil works can be sourced domestically rather than imported as complete battery cells. The technology can also use recycled or locally available materials in the storage masses, supporting industrial-development objectives.
Australia is developing a different gravity-storage pathway based on legacy mines. Green Gravity is progressing its first underground trial at the Russell Vale mine in New South Wales. It has completed a state-supported manufacturing project intended to move the technology toward commercial deployment. The company has also begun assessing opportunities in India through a collaboration with IIT (ISM) Dhanbad's TEXMiN research park. This reflects the large number of mine shafts that could potentially be repurposed.
Europe remains active through Gravitricity, RheEnergise and Energy Vault's Sardinian mine project. Africa became more important in 2026 after Energy Vault and Eskom announced a first 100 MWh project and an up-to-4 GWh regional development framework. North America has substantial long-duration-storage demand, but current gravity-specific commercial deployment is less advanced than in China.
Recent developments confirm accelerating market activity. In May 2026, Energy Vault and Eskom announced a 25 MW and 100 MWh gravity storage project at Hendrina Power Station and a framework covering up to 4 GWh across Southern Africa. In February 2026, Green Gravity completed its NSW Government Net Zero Manufacturing project, advancing manufacturing and deployment preparation for mine-based gravity storage. In January 2026, RheEnergise announced that its first High-Density Hydro demonstration project in Devon had achieved full power at the predicted output. In 2026, Energy Vault continued development of the 100 MW Miniera d'Energia hybrid gravity-plus-battery project in Sardinia, with commercial operation targeted for 2028. In 2026, Energy Vault's 25 MW and 100 MWh Rudong system remained the principal operating commercial reference for non-pumped-hydro gravity storage. In 2026, Green Gravity continued field-development work for the Russell Vale mine trial and international mine-site assessment activities, including India.

Conclusion

The gravity energy storage market is at an early commercial stage with very high growth potential. Growth is driven by long-life renewable balancing, mine and industrial-site repurposing, coal-transition infrastructure and low critical-material and fire risk. Above-ground lifted-mass systems are the most commercially advanced category. Mine-shaft systems offer strong repurposing potential. High-density hydro expands siting options. Asia Pacific leads current deployment. Africa, Europe and Australia are expanding the development pipeline. Early commercial operating history, civil and structural capital cost and supplier concentration remain the key restraints. The market is projected to grow from USD 0.42 billion in 2026 to USD 3.20 billion by 2032 at a CAGR of 40.3%.

Key Benefits of this Report

Insightful Analysis: Detailed market insights across regions, customer segments, policies, socio-economic factors, consumer preferences, and industry verticals.
Competitive Landscape: Understand strategic moves by key players to identify optimal market entry approaches.
Market Drivers and Future Trends: Assess major growth forces and emerging developments shaping the market.
Actionable Recommendations: Support strategic decisions to unlock new revenue streams.
Caters to a Wide Audience: Suitable for startups, research institutions, consultants, SMEs, and large enterprises.

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Industry and market insights, opportunity assessment, product demand forecasting, market entry strategy, geographical expansion, capital investment decisions, regulatory analysis, new product development, and competitive intelligence.

Report Coverage

Historical data from 2021 to 2024, Base year 2025, and Forecast years from 2026 to 2032
Growth opportunities, challenges, supply chain outlook, regulatory framework, and trend analysis
Competitive positioning, strategies, and market share evaluation, and trade analysis
Revenue growth and forecast assessment across segments and regions
Company profiling including strategies, products, financials, and key developments

1. Executive Summary

1.1. Market Opportunity and Key Findings
1.2. Engineered Gravity Storage Outlook
1.3. Commercial Deployment and Mine Repurposing

2. Market Overview

2.1. Gravity Energy Storage Operating Principle
2.2. Mass, Height and Energy Capacity
2.3. Motor-Generator and Hoist Systems
2.4. Mine-Shaft and Underground Infrastructure
2.5. High-Density Hydraulic Storage
2.6. Hybrid Gravity and Battery Systems

3. Market Size and Forecast, 2026-2032

3.1. Global Market Revenue
3.2. Annual Growth Analysis
3.3. Equipment, EPC and Lifecycle Revenue

4. Market by Technology Architecture

4.1. Above-Ground Lifted-Mass Systems
4.2. Mine-Shaft Suspended-Mass Systems
4.3. Modular Underground Gravity Systems
4.4. High-Density Hydro Systems
4.5. Building-Integrated Gravity Systems
4.6. Hybrid Gravity plus Battery Systems

5. Market by Storage Duration

5.1. Below 4 Hours
5.2. 4-8 Hours
5.3. 8-12 Hours
5.4. 12-24 Hours
5.5. Above 24 Hours

6. Market by Application

6.1. Renewable Energy Shifting
6.2. Grid Capacity and Reliability
6.3. Frequency and Ancillary Services
6.4. Renewable Curtailment Reduction
6.5. Mine and Coal-Plant Repurposing
6.6. Industrial and Remote Energy Systems

7. Market by Site Type

7.1. Purpose-Built Above-Ground Sites
7.2. Retired Coal Mines
7.3. Metal and Mineral Mines
7.4. Quarries and Industrial Sites
7.5. Retired Thermal-Power Sites

8. Market by Project Scale

8.1. Below 10 MW
8.2. 10-50 MW
8.3. 50-100 MW
8.4. Above 100 MW

9. Regional Market

9.1. Asia Pacific
- 9.1.1. China
- 9.1.2. Australia
- 9.1.3. India
- 9.1.4. Rest of Asia Pacific
9.2. Europe
- 9.2.1. United Kingdom
- 9.2.2. Italy
- 9.2.3. Rest of Europe
9.3. Middle East and Africa
- 9.3.1. South Africa
- 9.3.2. Rest of Africa
9.4. North America
9.5. Rest of World

10. Market Dynamics

10.1. Drivers
- 10.1.1. Long-Life Renewable Balancing
- 10.1.2. Mine and Industrial-Site Repurposing
- 10.1.3. Coal-Transition Infrastructure
- 10.1.4. Low Critical-Material and Fire Risk
10.2. Restraints
- 10.2.1. Early Commercial Operating History
- 10.2.2. Civil and Structural Capital Cost
- 10.2.3. Site-Specific Engineering
- 10.2.4. Supplier Concentration and Project Bankability