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1853582

橡膠添加劑市場按最終用途、聚合物、類型、應用和形態分類—2025-2032年全球預測

Rubber Additives Market by End Use, Polymer, Type, Application, Form - Global Forecast 2025-2032
出版日期: | 出版商: 360iResearch | 英文 196 Pages | 商品交期: 最快1-2個工作天內

價格

※ 本網頁內容可能與最新版本有所差異。詳細情況請與我們聯繫。

預計到 2032 年，橡膠添加劑市場規模將達到 146.4 億美元，複合年成長率為 6.08%。

關鍵市場統計數據
基準年2024年 91.3億美元
預計年份：2025年 96.8億美元
預測年份 2032 146.4億美元
複合年成長率（%） 6.08%

這是一份策略性入門指南，它將聚合物科學、添加劑功能、供應鏈韌性和監管促進因素結合起來，為產品和採購決策提供資訊。

橡膠添加劑產業位於化學、性能工程和全球供應鏈的交匯點，為從汽車系統到消費品等各種產品提供支撐。添加劑決定橡膠的耐久性、安全性、可製造性和合規性。透過使用添加劑，混煉商可以滿足更嚴格的排放標準，提高橡膠在機械應力下的使用壽命，並根據特定應用來客製化彈性體的性能。因此，要有效地介紹這一領域，必須兼顧技術細節和對採購、材料科學以及法規遵循的戰略意義。

本分析透過強調決策者最關注的促進因素——原料聚合物的相容性、添加劑的功能以及跨產業應用需求——組裝當前的產業格局。分析重點闡述了配方選擇如何影響生產過程和下游性能要求。明確這些關聯性有助於研發負責人優先選擇兼顧成本、法規遵循和性能穩定性的添加劑系列，同時，商業團隊也能更好地預測客戶需求和生命週期因素。

永續性需求、聚合物創新和供應鏈重組如何重塑添加劑選擇、配方複雜性和競爭差異化

橡膠添加劑領域正經歷著一場由永續性要求、材料創新和不斷變化的終端用途需求所驅動的重大變革。永續性不再只是一個可有可無的選項，而是影響原料選擇、添加劑化學性質以及產品報廢處理等性能指標的關鍵因素。製造商們正在尋求能夠減少揮發性有機化合物、實現低溫加工並提高可回收性的添加劑，同時又不影響其機械性能。同時，聚合物科學的創新也為客製化添加劑體系創造了新的機遇，這些體系能夠提供多種功能優勢，例如兼具抗氧化和加工助劑的功能。

供應鏈不穩定和貿易政策的不確定性迫使企業實現供應商多元化並重新審視其地理佈局，從而改變了營運格局。隨著客戶對安全性、使用壽命和輕量化零件（尤其是在敏捷和工業應用領域）的需求不斷成長，配方複雜性也隨之增加。這些因素共同作用，使得那些整合跨職能開發、優先發展可擴展積層製造平台並投資於強大的監管和分析能力以在應用相關條件下檢驗新化學成分的企業更具優勢。

評估2025年美國關稅趨勢對整個價值鏈的供應鏈、配方策略和供應商關係的多方面影響

2025年美國關稅政策將成為橡膠添加劑生產商和採購商必須納入策略規劃的持續性政策因素。對前驅物化學品、聚合物原料和成品添加劑徵收的關稅累積效應，凸顯了供應鏈透明度和成本服務分析的重要性。那些採購管道集中在受關稅影響的企業，正在評估雙重籌資策略、近岸外包替代方案，或利用本地可取得的化學品進行配方調整，以減輕關稅造成的價格波動。

除了直接的成本影響外，關稅還將加速供應商網路和投資重點的長期調整。原料供應商可能會將生產轉移到未受影響的地區，或透過調整成分來規避關稅。下游加工商和原始設備製造商 (OEM) 將優先考慮配方效率，減少對高關稅原料的依賴，並協商包含關稅分攤和浮動關稅條款的長期合約。隨著關稅分類和原產地規則的經濟意義日益凸顯，監管和合規負擔也將加重，迫使採購和法律團隊與研發部門更緊密地合作，記錄供應鏈的來源，並評估在保持性能的同時降低關稅影響的替代添加劑的可行性。

這些動態既帶來了挑戰，也帶來了策略機會。那些積極主動地評估供應商和物流風險、努力提升配方靈活性並投資於競爭情境規劃的公司，將能夠更好地將政策波動轉化為競爭優勢。同樣，那些能夠證明其本地供給能力、提供快速的替代技術支援以及檢驗性能持續性的輔料供應商，將更受那些在關稅主導的不確定性中尋求​​穩定生產佈局的風險規避型買家的青睞。

將終端用戶需求、聚合物相容性、添加劑功能、應用需求和外形規格與實際配方選擇聯繫起來的綜合細分洞察

要全面了解橡膠添加劑市場，需要整合多個細分視角，才能發現性能需求與市場機會的交會點。按最終用途分類，市場涵蓋汽車、建築、消費品、醫療保健和工業。汽車領域包括汽車零件、軟管和皮帶、密封件和墊圈以及輪胎。建築領域進一步細分為地板材料、屋頂和隔熱材料以及密封和墊圈。消費品領域分為家居用品和體育用品。工業涵蓋軟管和皮帶、工業產品以及密封件和墊圈。這些不同的最終用途對添加劑的需求也各不相同。輪胎配方優先考慮耐磨性和耐熱老化性能，而醫療保健彈性體則強調生物相容性和滅菌穩定性。

考慮聚合物的細分有助於明確相容性限制和性能目標。天然橡膠本身分為RSS、SVR或TSR，而SBR又分為乳液型SBR和溶液型SBR。因此，添加劑的選擇必須根據聚合物的極性、不飽和度和加工窗口進行調整，因為這些聚合物屬性決定了促進劑的反應活性、抗氧化劑的摻入量和填料的分散性。

基於類型的細分突出了配方師使用的技術基礎模組。添加劑類別，例如促進劑、活化劑、抗分解劑、抗靜電劑、填料、阻燃劑、塑化劑和硫化劑，根據其目標作用進一步細分：促進劑包括胍類、亞磺醯胺類和噻唑類；活化劑包括硬脂酸和氧化鋅；抗分解劑包括抗氧化鋅；抗分解劑包括抗氧化鋅；劑和抗臭氧劑，它們又分為酚類和伯芳胺類；抗靜電劑包括聚乙二醇和季銨鹽；填料包括炭黑和二氧化矽；阻燃劑包括三氧化二銻和磷基化學品；塑化劑包括環氧樹脂和鄰苯二甲酸酯；硫化劑包括元素硫和硫供體。每類添加劑在成本、加工性能和最終用途性能之間都存在權衡。

透過對最終用途進行細分，配方選擇可以與最終用途的預期相匹配。應用領域包括汽車零件、消費品、鞋類、軟管和皮帶、密封件和墊圈以及輪胎。在汽車零件領域，相關組件包括保險桿、外飾件和內裝件；消費品包括家居用品和運動用品；鞋類包括鞋底和鞋面；軟管和皮帶領域區分汽車軟管和工業軟管；密封件和墊圈領域同時考慮汽車密封件和工業密封件；輪胎領域則分為商用輪胎和乘用車輪胎。這些應用分類體現在性能目標中，例如鞋底的耐磨性、墊圈的壓縮永久變形以及軟管的耐油性。

添加劑的形態－顆粒狀、液體狀、膏狀或粉末狀－也會影響加工製程的選擇和物流的考量。顆粒狀和粉末狀具有優異的乾混性能和長期穩定性，而液體狀和膏狀添加劑則更容易分散在高黏度彈性體和連續加工環境中。了解最終用途、聚合物、添加劑類型、應用和形態之間的相互作用，有助於技術領導者設計出既能滿足特定性能閾值又能符合實際生產需求的添加劑組合。

區域動態和監管環境將影響美洲、歐洲、中東和非洲以及亞太地區的籌資策略、技術支援模式和創新重點。

區域動態對橡膠添加劑的籌資策略、監管環境和創新重點有顯著影響。在美洲，採購的核心在於確保供應的連續性、符合國家環境標準以及與北美汽車和工業生產群集的整合。當地的化工產能、與主要原始設備製造商 (OEM) 的接近性以及物流走廊都會影響添加劑供應商如何優先安排庫存和提供技術支援。

歐洲、中東和非洲的監管和商業環境錯綜複雜，其中歐洲的永續性和化學品法律規範對添加劑的選擇和文件編制有顯著影響。在該地區營運的製造商必須兼顧嚴格的物質限制與客戶對高性能、低排放氣體配方的需求。同時，中東和非洲這一成長區域正致力於工業化和基礎設施建設，由此形成了差異化的需求格局，能夠提供靈活的合規方案和客製化技術服務的供應商將獲得豐厚的回報。

亞太地區仍然是聚合物和添加劑生產的關鍵樞紐，擁有密集的供應商生態系統、廣泛的下游製造能力和強大的研發實力。該地區的競爭優勢推動了以成本為導向的採購模式，同時加速了生物基和高性能化學品領域的創新。跨境物流的發展、區域貿易協定和區域法規也影響生產基地選址、策略性庫存以及技術應用實驗室的建設決策，以支援客戶快速的開發週期。

積層製造供應商和解決方案提供者如何透過技術深度、應用支援和合作夥伴關係來創造競爭優勢和韌性

每家公司在橡膠添加劑價值鏈中的競爭地位取決於其技術深度、配方支援服務和供應鏈可靠性。市場領導通常透過以下幾個方面脫穎而出：豐富的添加劑產品組合、能夠快速檢驗的應用實驗室，以及與原始設備製造商 (OEM) 和混煉商建立的強大商業性關係。投資者和合作夥伴更青睞那些能夠將實驗室性能轉化為可重複的生產結果、加快產品認證速度並提供技術培訓以幫助加工商最佳化下游性能的企業。

中型和專業公司通常憑藉其獨特的優勢競爭，例如專有的抗分解系統、高分散性填料或適用於受監管終端用途的低排放塑化劑。這些供應商可以透過將技術諮詢服務與現場物流相結合來建立穩固的競爭地位，從而更快地解決問題並適應客戶特定的配方。供應商與混煉商之間的共同開發計劃可以加速新化學技術的應用，並降低合格週期中的風險。

在整個產業中，積層製造商與聚合物製造商、設備供應商和原始設備製造商 (OEM) 之間的夥伴關係日益普遍。這些聯盟致力於輕量化零件、可減少零件數量的多功能添加劑以及增強韌性的有效供應協議方面的協同創新。投資分析能力、毒理學篩檢和法規情報的公司能夠更好地支持客戶應對不斷變化的物質限制和性能標準，這些能力也成為採購決策中的關鍵差異化因素。

為配方師和採購負責人提供切實有效的策略，幫助他們在輔料組合和採購模式中建立靈活性、韌性和永續性。

產業領導者應採取一系列綜合措施，以克服配方複雜性、供應鏈風險和監管壓力，從而創造商業性優勢。首先，應優先考慮配方靈活性，投資於模組化輔料平台，以便在最大限度減少配方調整的情況下快速替換成分。這種方法可以減少對單一供應商的依賴，並能快速應對關稅變化、原料供應中斷和監管限制。

其次，在客戶附近擴展分析和應用實驗室能力，可以加快檢驗週期，並在規模化生產過程中提供實際操作支援。接近性和技術服務降低了新化學品採用的門檻，增強了客戶信心。第三，在地緣政治動態或關稅制度持續存在不確定性的情況下，我們會尋求策略供應商多元化和近岸外包。雙重採購，結合共用關稅風險的合約機制，可以穩定採購並維持健康的利潤率。

第四，我們將把永續性指標納入產品藍圖，開發低排放氣體和高性能填料，從而減少材料用量。永續性不僅能滿足監管要求，還能成為吸引尋求降低產品生命週期環境足跡的原始設備製造商 (OEM) 的商業性差異化優勢。最後，我們將加強跨職能管治，整合研發、採購、法務和商務團隊，確保配方變更能夠從效能、成本、合規性和可製造性等多個角度進行全面評估。這種管治模式將加快決策速度，並降低規模化生產過程中出現成本高昂的返工的可能性。

我們嚴謹的研究途徑結合了初步訪談、應用實驗室檢驗和監管審查，以產出可操作的技術和商業性情報。

本分析的研究基礎整合了第一手技術訪談、應用實驗室檢驗、法規審查和二手文獻，從而對積層製造技術及其商業動態進行了全面的觀點。主要資料來源包括與複合材料研發負責人、主要終端使用者部門的採購經理以及積層製造工廠的技術專家進行的結構化訪談。這些訪談旨在了解實際應用中的效能限制、認證時間表以及供應商的服務預期。

實驗室檢驗工作考察了添加劑在典型聚合物基質中的相容性、分散行為和長期性能，以確保其對配方師的實用性。法規和合規性分析考慮了影響抗分解劑、塑化劑和阻燃劑選擇標準的化學框架和最新趨勢。輔助資訊被謹慎使用並進行交叉驗證，以驗證技術聲明並為區域供應鏈趨勢提供背景資訊。

分析的嚴謹性強調假設的可追溯性、訪談通訊協定的透明記錄以及可重複的測試條件。我們進行了情境分析，對供應鏈突發事件（包括關稅衝擊和物流中斷）進行壓力測試，並在此報告中提出了切實可行的建議。該調查方法兼顧了技術深度和商業性實用性，旨在為尋求短期緩解措施和長期策略定位的決策者提供支援。

綜合各項結論，我們強調了技術卓越、供應鏈韌性和跨職能協作對於掌握不斷變化的積層製造需求至關重要。

橡膠添加劑市場面臨多重壓力：日益成長的永續性期望、對特定聚合物性能的要求、物流和政策驅動的供應鏈風險，以及各行業應用日益複雜的現狀。成功的開發需要專注於兩個方面：一是開發滿足性能和合規性閾值的添加劑化學配方，具備卓越的技術能力；二是具備商業性靈活性，包括供應鏈多元化、與客戶緊密合作以及基於場景的採購。

那些能夠整合研發和採購、投資在地化技術支援並採用模組化積層製造平台的企業，將更有能力應對產業變革，同時抓住新的應用機會。該行業近期的發展趨勢有利於那些能夠將檢驗的性能、監管透明度和供應可靠性相結合的供應商，從而使客戶能夠自信地從實驗性應用過渡到可預測的大規模生產。

目錄

第1章：序言

第2章調查方法

第3章執行摘要

第4章 市場概覽

第5章 市場洞察

  • 擴大採用源自植物油的生物基抗氧化劑來取代合成抗氧化劑
  • 監管壓力推動了不含多環芳烴的橡膠添加劑配方的研發，從而提高了合規性。
  • 增加氧化石墨烯奈米填料的使用，以改善橡膠化合物的機械性能和阻隔性能。
  • 矽烷偶合劑的加入改善了填料與橡膠之間的相互作用，從而提高了輪胎的持久性能。
  • 向兼具防燒蝕和加速硫化功能的多功能加工助劑過渡，用於電動車輪胎
  • 輪胎製造領域對基於可再生原料的永續加速劑的需求日益成長
  • 數位雙胞胎模擬平台的出現，使得即時最佳化添加劑選擇和橡膠化合物性能成為可能。

第6章：美國關稅的累積影響，2025年

第7章：人工智慧的累積影響，2025年

8. 依最終用途分類的橡膠添加劑市場

  • 車
    • 汽車零件
    • 軟管和皮帶
    • 密封件和墊圈
    • 胎
  • 建造
    • 地板
    • 屋頂和隔熱材料
    • 密封件和墊圈
  • 消費品
    • 家居用品
    • 體育用品
  • 衛生保健
  • 產業
    • 軟管和皮帶
    • 工業產品
    • 密封件和墊圈

9. 聚合物橡膠添加劑市場

  • CR
  • EPDM
  • 天然橡膠
    • RSS
    • SVR
    • TSR
  • NBR
  • SBR
    • 乳液SBR
    • 溶液SBR

第10章 橡膠添加劑市場（按類型分類）

  • 加速器
    • 胍
    • 亞磺醯胺
    • 噻唑
  • 活化劑
    • 硬脂酸
    • 氧化鋅
  • 劣化
    • 抗氧化劑
      • 苯酚
      • 伯芳香胺
    • 臭氧消耗物質
  • 抗靜電劑
    • 聚乙二醇
    • 季銨鹽
  • 填料
    • 炭黑
    • 二氧化矽
  • 阻燃劑
    • 三氧化二銻
    • 磷
  • 塑化劑
    • 環氧樹脂
    • 鄰苯二甲酸酯
  • 硫化劑
    • 硫
    • 硫供體

第11章 橡膠添加劑市場（依應用領域分類）

  • 汽車零件
    • 保險桿
    • 外部裝飾
    • 內部零件
  • 消費品
    • 家居用品
    • 體育用品
  • 鞋類
    • 腳底
    • 上
  • 軟管和皮帶
    • 汽車軟管
    • 工業軟管
  • 密封件和墊圈
    • 汽車密封件
    • 工業密封件
  • 胎
    • 商用車輛輪胎
    • 乘用車輪胎

第12章 橡膠添加劑市場（按類型分類）

  • 顆粒
  • 液體
  • 貼上
  • 粉末

第13章：橡膠添加劑市場區域分析

  • 美洲
    • 北美洲
    • 拉丁美洲
  • 歐洲、中東和非洲
    • 歐洲
    • 中東
    • 非洲
  • 亞太地區

第14章 橡膠添加劑市場（依類別分類）

  • ASEAN
  • GCC
  • EU
  • BRICS
  • G7
  • NATO

第15章 各國橡膠添加劑市場

  • 美國
  • 加拿大
  • 墨西哥
  • 巴西
  • 英國
  • 德國
  • 法國
  • 俄羅斯
  • 義大利
  • 西班牙
  • 中國
  • 印度
  • 日本
  • 澳洲
  • 韓國

第16章 競爭格局

  • 2024年市佔率分析
  • FPNV定位矩陣，2024
  • 競爭分析
    • LANXESS AG
    • Evonik Industries AG
    • Eastman Chemical Company
    • Solvay SA
    • Cabot Corporation
    • BASF SE
    • SI Group, Inc.
    • Tosoh Corporation
    • Kraton Corporation
    • Akzo Nobel NV
Product Code: MRR-5A2C6AA65EFF

The Rubber Additives Market is projected to grow by USD 14.64 billion at a CAGR of 6.08% by 2032.

KEY MARKET STATISTICS
Base Year [2024] USD 9.13 billion
Estimated Year [2025] USD 9.68 billion
Forecast Year [2032] USD 14.64 billion
CAGR (%) 6.08%

A strategic primer that aligns polymer science, additive functionality, supply chain resilience, and regulatory drivers to inform product and procurement decisions

The rubber additives sector sits at the intersection of chemistry, performance engineering, and global supply chains, underpinning products from automotive systems to consumer goods. Additives determine durability, safety, manufacturability, and compliance; they enable formulators to meet tighter emissions standards, enhance service life under mechanical stress, and adapt elastomer properties to specialized applications. As such, an effective introduction to this field must reconcile technical nuance with strategic implications for procurement, materials science, and regulatory compliance.

This analysis frames the current landscape by highlighting the drivers that matter most to decision-makers: raw polymer compatibility, additive functionality, and cross-industry application demands. It emphasizes how formulation choices cascade into production processes and downstream performance obligations. Clear articulation of these linkages helps R&D leaders prioritize additive families that balance cost, regulatory acceptability, and performance resilience, while allowing commercial teams to anticipate customer requirements and lifecycle considerations.

How sustainability imperatives, polymer innovations, and supply chain restructuring are reshaping additive selection, formulation complexity, and competitive differentiation

The landscape for rubber additives is undergoing decisive shifts driven by sustainability mandates, materials innovation, and evolving end-use requirements. Sustainability is no longer a peripheral checkbox; it is a performance vector that influences raw material selection, additive chemistry, and end-of-life considerations. Manufacturers are seeking additives that reduce volatile organic compounds, enable lower-temperature processing, and improve recyclability without compromising mechanical properties. Concurrently, innovation in polymer science is creating new opportunities for tailored additive systems that provide multifunctional benefits such as combined antioxidant and processing aid capabilities.

Operational dynamics are also transforming as supply chain volatility and trade policy uncertainty compel companies to diversify supplier bases and reconsider geographic exposure. Formulation complexity is increasing because customers demand enhanced safety features, longer lifespans, and lighter weight components, particularly in mobility and industrial applications. These forces converge to reward organizations that integrate cross-functional development, prioritize scalable additive platforms, and invest in robust regulatory and analytical capabilities to validate new chemistries under application-relevant conditions.

Assessing the multifaceted consequences of United States tariff developments in 2025 on supply chains, formulation strategies, and supplier relationships across the value chain

Tariff actions by the United States in 2025 introduce a persistent policy variable that manufacturers and buyers of rubber additives must incorporate into strategic planning. The cumulative effect of tariff measures, applied to precursor chemicals, polymer feedstocks, and finished additive shipments, increases the importance of supply chain visibility and cost-to-serve analysis. Companies with concentrated exposure to affected sourcing corridors are evaluating dual-sourcing strategies, nearshoring alternatives, or reformulation pathways that use locally available chemistries to mitigate tariff-induced price shocks.

Beyond immediate cost implications, tariffs accelerate longer-term adjustments in supplier networks and investment priorities. Raw material suppliers may reorient production footprints toward non-impacted regions or pursue tariff engineering through content adjustments. Downstream processors and OEMs respond by emphasizing formulation efficiency, reducing dependency on high-tariff inputs, and negotiating longer-term contracts that include tariff-sharing or indexation clauses. The regulatory and compliance burden also increases as customs classifications and rules-of-origin take on greater financial significance, prompting procurement and legal teams to collaborate more closely with R&D to document supply chain provenance and to assess the viability of alternative additive chemistries that preserve performance while reducing tariff exposure.

These dynamics create both challenges and strategic openings. Firms that proactively map supplier and logistics risk, engage in formulation flexibility exercises, and invest in scenario planning will be better positioned to convert policy disruption into competitive advantage. Similarly, additive suppliers that can demonstrate local supply capability, rapid technical support for substitution, and validated performance continuity will gain preference among risk-averse buyers seeking to stabilize their production footprint amid tariff-driven uncertainty.

Integrated segmentation insights that map end-use demands, polymer compatibility, additive functionality, application needs, and form factors to practical formulation choices

A nuanced view of the rubber additives field requires integrating multiple segmentation lenses to see where performance needs intersect with commercial opportunity. Based on end use, the market spans Automotive, Construction, Consumer Goods, Healthcare, and Industrial sectors; within automotive, subcategories include Automotive Parts, Hoses & Belting, Seals & Gaskets, and Tires, while construction applications further subdivide into Flooring, Roofings & Insulations, and Seals & Gaskets, and consumer goods split into Household Items and Sporting Goods; industrial end uses cover Hoses & Belting, Industrial Goods, and Seals & Gaskets. This end-use diversity drives differentiated additive requirements: formulations for tires prioritize abrasion resistance and heat aging, whereas healthcare-related elastomers emphasize biocompatibility and sterilization stability.

Examining polymer segmentation clarifies compatibility constraints and performance targets. The principal polymers-CR, EPDM, Natural Rubber, NBR, and SBR-bring distinct additive interactions; Natural Rubber itself is categorized across RSS, SVR, and TSR, while SBR separates into Emulsion SBR and Solution SBR. Additive selection must therefore be tuned to polymer polarity, unsaturation, and processing window, because these polymer attributes determine accelerator reactivity, antioxidant uptake, and filler dispersion.

Type-based segmentation underscores the technological building blocks formulators leverage. Additive categories such as Accelerators, Activators, Antidegradants, Antistatic Agents, Fillers, Flame Retardants, Plasticizers, and Vulcanizing Agents each play targeted roles, with further sub-classifications: accelerators include Guanidines, Sulfenamides, and Thiazoles; activators include Stearic Acid and Zinc Oxide; antidegradants break into Anti-oxidants and Anti-ozonants, with Anti-oxidants further specified as Phenolic and Primary Aromatic Amines; antistatic agents include Polyethylene Glycol and Quaternary Ammonium Salts; fillers focus on Carbon Black and Silica; flame retardants include Antimony Trioxide and Phosphorus-based chemistries; plasticizers are represented by Epoxies and Phthalates; and vulcanizing agents include elemental Sulfur and Sulfur Donors. Each family brings trade-offs among cost, processing behavior, and end-use performance.

Application segmentation adds another dimension that aligns end-use expectations with formulation choices. Applications include Automotive Parts, Consumer Goods, Footwear, Hoses & Belting, Seals & Gaskets, and Tires; within automotive parts, relevant components cover Bumpers, Exterior Trim, and Interior Parts; consumer goods include Household Items and Sporting Goods; footwear is examined through Soles and Uppers; hoses and belting distinguish between Automotive Hoses and Industrial Hoses; seals and gaskets consider both Automotive Seals and Industrial Seals; tires are viewed through the prism of Commercial Vehicle Tires and Passenger Car Tires. These application groupings inform performance targets such as abrasion resistance for soles, compression set for gaskets, and oil resistance for hoses.

Form considerations-Granules, Liquid, Paste, and Powder-further influence processing choices and logistic considerations. Granular and powder forms favor dry blending and long-term stability, while liquid and paste forms enable easier dispersion for high-viscosity elastomers and continuous processing environments. Understanding the interplay across end use, polymer, additive type, application, and form enables technical leaders to design additive portfolios that meet specific performance thresholds while aligning with manufacturing realities.

Regional dynamics and regulatory landscapes that determine sourcing strategies, technical support models, and innovation priorities across the Americas, EMEA, and Asia-Pacific

Regional dynamics materially shape sourcing strategies, regulatory obligations, and innovation priorities across the rubber additives landscape. In the Americas, procurement emphasis centers on supply continuity, regulatory compliance with domestic environmental standards, and integration with North American automotive and industrial manufacturing clusters. Local chemical capacity, proximity to key OEMs, and logistics corridors influence how additive suppliers prioritize inventory positioning and technical support offerings.

Europe, Middle East & Africa present a complex regulatory and commercial mosaic where European sustainability and chemical regulation frameworks exert strong influence on additive selection and documentation. Manufacturers operating within this region must reconcile stringent substance restrictions with customer demand for high-performance, low-emission formulations. In parallel, growth pockets in the Middle East and Africa emphasize industrialization and infrastructure development, creating differentiated demand profiles that reward suppliers capable of flexible compliance approaches and tailored technical services.

Asia-Pacific continues to be a critical center of polymer and additive production, with dense supplier ecosystems, extensive downstream manufacturing capacity, and strong R&D activity. This region's competitive dynamics drive cost-sensitive sourcing models but also accelerate innovation in bio-based and performance-enhancing chemistries. Cross-border logistics, regional trade agreements, and local regulatory evolutions further influence decisions about where to locate production, maintain strategic inventories, and establish technical application laboratories to support rapid customer development cycles.

How technical depth, application support, and collaborative partnerships create competitive advantage and resilience among additives suppliers and solution providers

Competitive positioning among companies in the rubber additives value chain is shaped by technical depth, formulation support services, and supply chain reliability. Market leaders typically differentiate through a combination of broad additive portfolios, application laboratories that enable rapid validation, and strong commercial relationships with OEMs and compounders. Investors and partners favor organizations that can translate laboratory performance into reproducible manufacturing outcomes, reduce time-to-qualification, and provide technical training that helps processors optimize downstream properties.

Midsize and specialized firms often compete on niche capabilities such as tailored antidegradant systems, high-dispersion fillers, or low-emission plasticizers suited to regulated end uses. These suppliers can establish defensible positions by coupling technical advisory services with localized logistics, enabling faster troubleshooting and adaptation to customer-specific formulations. Collaboration between suppliers and compounders around joint development projects accelerates adoption of new chemistries and reduces risk in qualification cycles.

Across the industry, partnerships between additive makers and polymer producers, equipment vendors, and OEMs are increasingly common. These alliances focus on co-innovation for lighter-weight components, multi-functional additives that reduce part counts, and validated supply agreements that increase resilience. Firms that invest in analytical capabilities, toxicology screening, and regulatory intelligence can better support customers facing evolving substance restrictions and performance standards, making these capabilities key differentiators in procurement decisions.

Practical, high-impact strategies for formulators and procurement leaders to build flexibility, resilience, and sustainability into additive portfolios and sourcing models

Industry leaders should adopt an integrated set of actions to navigate formulation complexity, supply chain risk, and regulatory pressure while creating commercial advantage. First, prioritize formulation flexibility by investing in modular additive platforms that allow rapid substitution of components with minimal requalification. This approach reduces single-supplier dependency and enables faster responses to tariff changes, raw material interruptions, or regulatory constraints.

Second, expand analytical and application laboratory capabilities close to customers to accelerate validation cycles and provide hands-on support during scale-up. Proximity and technical service lower barriers to adoption for new chemistries and reinforce customer trust. Third, pursue strategic supplier diversification and nearshoring where geopolitical dynamics or tariff regimes create persistent uncertainty. Combining dual sourcing with contractual mechanisms that share tariff risk will stabilize procurement and preserve margin integrity.

Fourth, embed sustainability metrics into product roadmaps by developing lower-emission processing aids, non-halogenated flame retardants, and higher-performance fillers that enable material reduction. Sustainability not only meets regulatory expectations but also serves as a commercial differentiator with OEMs seeking to reduce lifecycle environmental impact. Finally, strengthen cross-functional governance that links R&D, procurement, legal, and commercial teams to ensure that formulation changes are evaluated holistically for performance, cost, compliance, and manufacturability. This governance model accelerates decision-making and reduces the likelihood of costly rework during scale-up.

A rigorous research approach combining primary interviews, application laboratory validation, and regulatory review to produce actionable technical and commercial intelligence

The research underpinning this analysis synthesizes primary technical interviews, application lab validations, regulatory review, and secondary literature to produce a rounded perspective on additive technology and commercial dynamics. Primary inputs include structured discussions with R&D leaders at compounders, procurement managers across major end-use sectors, and technical experts at additive manufacturing facilities. These interviews were designed to capture real-world performance constraints, qualification timelines, and supplier service expectations.

Laboratory validation work examined additive compatibility, dispersion behavior, and aging performance across representative polymer matrices to ensure practical relevance to formulators. Regulatory and compliance analysis reviewed prevailing chemical substance frameworks and recent policy developments that impact selection criteria for antidegradants, plasticizers, and flame retardants. Secondary sources were used sparingly and cross-referenced to validate technical assertions and to provide context for regional supply chain trends.

Analytical rigor emphasized traceability of assumptions, transparent documentation of interview protocols, and reproducible testing conditions. Scenario analysis events were conducted to stress-test supply chain contingencies including tariff shocks and logistics interruptions, informing the actionable recommendations included in this report. The methodology balances technical depth with commercial pragmatism to support decision-makers seeking both immediate mitigation tactics and longer-term strategic positioning.

Concluding synthesis that underscores the imperative for technical excellence, supply resilience, and cross-functional alignment to capitalize on evolving additive demand

The rubber additives landscape is defined by converging pressures: heightened sustainability expectations, polymer-specific performance demands, logistical and policy-driven supply chain risks, and accelerating application complexity across sectors. Success requires a dual focus on technical excellence-developing additive chemistries that meet performance and compliance thresholds-and commercial agility, which includes supply chain diversification, closer customer engagement, and scenario-ready procurement structures.

Organizations that bridge R&D and procurement, invest in localized technical support, and pursue modular additive platforms will be best placed to manage disruption while capturing new application opportunities. The industry's near-term trajectory favors suppliers who can combine validated performance with regulatory transparency and supply reliability, enabling customers to move from experimental adoption to predictable, high-volume production with confidence.

Table of Contents

1. Preface

  • 1.1. Objectives of the Study
  • 1.2. Market Segmentation & Coverage
  • 1.3. Years Considered for the Study
  • 1.4. Currency & Pricing
  • 1.5. Language
  • 1.6. Stakeholders

2. Research Methodology

3. Executive Summary

4. Market Overview

5. Market Insights

  • 5.1. Growing adoption of bio-based antioxidants derived from plant oils to replace synthetic options
  • 5.2. Regulatory pressure driving development of PAH-free rubber additive formulations for compliance
  • 5.3. Increasing use of graphene oxide nanofillers to enhance mechanical and barrier properties of rubber compounds
  • 5.4. Integration of silane coupling agents to improve filler-rubber interaction for tire performance sustainability
  • 5.5. Shift toward multifunctional processing aids combining anti-scorch and curing acceleration in electric vehicle tires
  • 5.6. Rising demand for sustainable vulcanization accelerators based on renewable raw materials in tire manufacturing
  • 5.7. Emergence of digital twin simulation platforms to optimize additive selection and rubber formulation performance in real time

6. Cumulative Impact of United States Tariffs 2025

7. Cumulative Impact of Artificial Intelligence 2025

8. Rubber Additives Market, by End Use

  • 8.1. Automotive
    • 8.1.1. Automotive Parts
    • 8.1.2. Hoses & Belting
    • 8.1.3. Seals & Gaskets
    • 8.1.4. Tires
  • 8.2. Construction
    • 8.2.1. Flooring
    • 8.2.2. Roofings & Insulations
    • 8.2.3. Seals & Gaskets
  • 8.3. Consumer Goods
    • 8.3.1. Household Items
    • 8.3.2. Sporting Goods
  • 8.4. Healthcare
  • 8.5. Industrial
    • 8.5.1. Hoses & Belting
    • 8.5.2. Industrial Goods
    • 8.5.3. Seals & Gaskets

9. Rubber Additives Market, by Polymer

  • 9.1. CR
  • 9.2. EPDM
  • 9.3. Natural Rubber
    • 9.3.1. RSS
    • 9.3.2. SVR
    • 9.3.3. TSR
  • 9.4. NBR
  • 9.5. SBR
    • 9.5.1. Emulsion SBR
    • 9.5.2. Solution SBR

10. Rubber Additives Market, by Type

  • 10.1. Accelerators
    • 10.1.1. Guanidines
    • 10.1.2. Sulfenamides
    • 10.1.3. Thiazoles
  • 10.2. Activators
    • 10.2.1. Stearic Acid
    • 10.2.2. Zinc Oxide
  • 10.3. Antidegradants
    • 10.3.1. Anti-oxidants
      • 10.3.1.1. Phenolic
      • 10.3.1.2. Primary Aromatic Amines
    • 10.3.2. Anti-ozonants
  • 10.4. Antistatic Agents
    • 10.4.1. Polyethylene Glycol
    • 10.4.2. Quaternary Ammonium Salts
  • 10.5. Fillers
    • 10.5.1. Carbon Black
    • 10.5.2. Silica
  • 10.6. Flame Retardants
    • 10.6.1. Antimony Trioxide
    • 10.6.2. Phosphorus-based
  • 10.7. Plasticizers
    • 10.7.1. Epoxies
    • 10.7.2. Phthalates
  • 10.8. Vulcanizing Agents
    • 10.8.1. Sulfur
    • 10.8.2. Sulfur Donors

11. Rubber Additives Market, by Application

  • 11.1. Automotive Parts
    • 11.1.1. Bumpers
    • 11.1.2. Exterior Trim
    • 11.1.3. Interior Parts
  • 11.2. Consumer Goods
    • 11.2.1. Household Items
    • 11.2.2. Sporting Goods
  • 11.3. Footwear
    • 11.3.1. Soles
    • 11.3.2. Uppers
  • 11.4. Hoses & Belting
    • 11.4.1. Automotive Hoses
    • 11.4.2. Industrial Hoses
  • 11.5. Seals & Gaskets
    • 11.5.1. Automotive Seals
    • 11.5.2. Industrial Seals
  • 11.6. Tires
    • 11.6.1. Commercial Vehicle Tires
    • 11.6.2. Passenger Car Tires

12. Rubber Additives Market, by Form

  • 12.1. Granules
  • 12.2. Liquid
  • 12.3. Paste
  • 12.4. Powder

13. Rubber Additives Market, by Region

  • 13.1. Americas
    • 13.1.1. North America
    • 13.1.2. Latin America
  • 13.2. Europe, Middle East & Africa
    • 13.2.1. Europe
    • 13.2.2. Middle East
    • 13.2.3. Africa
  • 13.3. Asia-Pacific

14. Rubber Additives Market, by Group

  • 14.1. ASEAN
  • 14.2. GCC
  • 14.3. European Union
  • 14.4. BRICS
  • 14.5. G7
  • 14.6. NATO

15. Rubber Additives Market, by Country

  • 15.1. United States
  • 15.2. Canada
  • 15.3. Mexico
  • 15.4. Brazil
  • 15.5. United Kingdom
  • 15.6. Germany
  • 15.7. France
  • 15.8. Russia
  • 15.9. Italy
  • 15.10. Spain
  • 15.11. China
  • 15.12. India
  • 15.13. Japan
  • 15.14. Australia
  • 15.15. South Korea

16. Competitive Landscape

  • 16.1. Market Share Analysis, 2024
  • 16.2. FPNV Positioning Matrix, 2024
  • 16.3. Competitive Analysis
    • 16.3.1. LANXESS AG
    • 16.3.2. Evonik Industries AG
    • 16.3.3. Eastman Chemical Company
    • 16.3.4. Solvay S.A.
    • 16.3.5. Cabot Corporation
    • 16.3.6. BASF SE
    • 16.3.7. SI Group, Inc.
    • 16.3.8. Tosoh Corporation
    • 16.3.9. Kraton Corporation
    • 16.3.10. Akzo Nobel N.V.

LIST OF FIGURES

  • FIGURE 1. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, 2018-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • FIGURE 2. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY END USE, 2024 VS 2032 (%)
  • FIGURE 3. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY END USE, 2024 VS 2025 VS 2032 (USD MILLION)
  • FIGURE 4. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY POLYMER, 2024 VS 2032 (%)
  • FIGURE 5. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY POLYMER, 2024 VS 2025 VS 2032 (USD MILLION)
  • FIGURE 6. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY TYPE, 2024 VS 2032 (%)
  • FIGURE 7. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY TYPE, 2024 VS 2025 VS 2032 (USD MILLION)
  • FIGURE 8. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2024 VS 2032 (%)
  • FIGURE 9. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY APPLICATION, 2024 VS 2025 VS 2032 (USD MILLION)
  • FIGURE 10. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY FORM, 2024 VS 2032 (%)
  • FIGURE 11. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY FORM, 2024 VS 2025 VS 2032 (USD MILLION)
  • FIGURE 12. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY REGION, 2024 VS 2025 VS 2032 (USD MILLION)
  • FIGURE 13. AMERICAS RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY SUBREGION, 2024 VS 2025 VS 2032 (USD MILLION)
  • FIGURE 14. NORTH AMERICA RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY, 2024 VS 2025 VS 2032 (USD MILLION)
  • FIGURE 15. LATIN AMERICA RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY, 2024 VS 2025 VS 2032 (USD MILLION)
  • FIGURE 16. EUROPE, MIDDLE EAST & AFRICA RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY SUBREGION, 2024 VS 2025 VS 2032 (USD MILLION)
  • FIGURE 17. EUROPE RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY, 2024 VS 2025 VS 2032 (USD MILLION)
  • FIGURE 18. MIDDLE EAST RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY, 2024 VS 2025 VS 2032 (USD MILLION)
  • FIGURE 19. AFRICA RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY, 2024 VS 2025 VS 2032 (USD MILLION)
  • FIGURE 20. ASIA-PACIFIC RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY, 2024 VS 2025 VS 2032 (USD MILLION)
  • FIGURE 21. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY GROUP, 2024 VS 2025 VS 2032 (USD MILLION)
  • FIGURE 22. ASEAN RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY, 2024 VS 2025 VS 2032 (USD MILLION)
  • FIGURE 23. GCC RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY, 2024 VS 2025 VS 2032 (USD MILLION)
  • FIGURE 24. EUROPEAN UNION RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY, 2024 VS 2025 VS 2032 (USD MILLION)
  • FIGURE 25. BRICS RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY, 2024 VS 2025 VS 2032 (USD MILLION)
  • FIGURE 26. G7 RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY, 2024 VS 2025 VS 2032 (USD MILLION)
  • FIGURE 27. NATO RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY, 2024 VS 2025 VS 2032 (USD MILLION)
  • FIGURE 28. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY COUNTRY, 2024 VS 2025 VS 2032 (USD MILLION)
  • FIGURE 29. RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SHARE, BY KEY PLAYER, 2024
  • FIGURE 30. RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET, FPNV POSITIONING MATRIX, 2024

LIST OF TABLES

  • TABLE 1. RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SEGMENTATION & COVERAGE
  • TABLE 2. UNITED STATES DOLLAR EXCHANGE RATE, 2018-2024
  • TABLE 3. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 4. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 5. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY END USE, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 6. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY END USE, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 7. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY AUTOMOTIVE, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 8. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY AUTOMOTIVE, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 9. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY AUTOMOTIVE, BY REGION, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 10. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY AUTOMOTIVE, BY REGION, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 11. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY AUTOMOTIVE, BY GROUP, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 12. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY AUTOMOTIVE, BY GROUP, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 13. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY AUTOMOTIVE, BY COUNTRY, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 14. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY AUTOMOTIVE, BY COUNTRY, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 15. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY AUTOMOTIVE PARTS, BY REGION, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 16. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY AUTOMOTIVE PARTS, BY REGION, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 17. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY AUTOMOTIVE PARTS, BY GROUP, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 18. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY AUTOMOTIVE PARTS, BY GROUP, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 19. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY AUTOMOTIVE PARTS, BY COUNTRY, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 20. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY AUTOMOTIVE PARTS, BY COUNTRY, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 21. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY HOSES & BELTING, BY REGION, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 22. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY HOSES & BELTING, BY REGION, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 23. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY HOSES & BELTING, BY GROUP, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 24. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY HOSES & BELTING, BY GROUP, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 25. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY HOSES & BELTING, BY COUNTRY, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 26. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY HOSES & BELTING, BY COUNTRY, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 27. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY SEALS & GASKETS, BY REGION, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 28. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY SEALS & GASKETS, BY REGION, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 29. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY SEALS & GASKETS, BY GROUP, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 30. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY SEALS & GASKETS, BY GROUP, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 31. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY SEALS & GASKETS, BY COUNTRY, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 32. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY SEALS & GASKETS, BY COUNTRY, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 33. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY TIRES, BY REGION, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 34. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY TIRES, BY REGION, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 35. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY TIRES, BY GROUP, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 36. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY TIRES, BY GROUP, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 37. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY TIRES, BY COUNTRY, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 38. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY TIRES, BY COUNTRY, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 39. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY CONSTRUCTION, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 40. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY CONSTRUCTION, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 41. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY CONSTRUCTION, BY REGION, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 42. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY CONSTRUCTION, BY REGION, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 43. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY CONSTRUCTION, BY GROUP, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 44. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY CONSTRUCTION, BY GROUP, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 45. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY CONSTRUCTION, BY COUNTRY, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 46. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY CONSTRUCTION, BY COUNTRY, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 47. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY FLOORING, BY REGION, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 48. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY FLOORING, BY REGION, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 49. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY FLOORING, BY GROUP, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 50. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY FLOORING, BY GROUP, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 51. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY FLOORING, BY COUNTRY, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 52. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY FLOORING, BY COUNTRY, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 53. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY ROOFINGS & INSULATIONS, BY REGION, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 54. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY ROOFINGS & INSULATIONS, BY REGION, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 55. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY ROOFINGS & INSULATIONS, BY GROUP, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 56. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY ROOFINGS & INSULATIONS, BY GROUP, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 57. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY ROOFINGS & INSULATIONS, BY COUNTRY, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 58. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY ROOFINGS & INSULATIONS, BY COUNTRY, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 59. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY SEALS & GASKETS, BY REGION, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 60. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY SEALS & GASKETS, BY REGION, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 61. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY SEALS & GASKETS, BY GROUP, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 62. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY SEALS & GASKETS, BY GROUP, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 63. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY SEALS & GASKETS, BY COUNTRY, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 64. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY SEALS & GASKETS, BY COUNTRY, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 65. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY CONSUMER GOODS, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 66. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY CONSUMER GOODS, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 67. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY CONSUMER GOODS, BY REGION, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 68. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY CONSUMER GOODS, BY REGION, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 69. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY CONSUMER GOODS, BY GROUP, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 70. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY CONSUMER GOODS, BY GROUP, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 71. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY CONSUMER GOODS, BY COUNTRY, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 72. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY CONSUMER GOODS, BY COUNTRY, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 73. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY HOUSEHOLD ITEMS, BY REGION, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 74. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY HOUSEHOLD ITEMS, BY REGION, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 75. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY HOUSEHOLD ITEMS, BY GROUP, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 76. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY HOUSEHOLD ITEMS, BY GROUP, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 77. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY HOUSEHOLD ITEMS, BY COUNTRY, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 78. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY HOUSEHOLD ITEMS, BY COUNTRY, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 79. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY SPORTING GOODS, BY REGION, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 80. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY SPORTING GOODS, BY REGION, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 81. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY SPORTING GOODS, BY GROUP, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 82. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY SPORTING GOODS, BY GROUP, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 83. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY SPORTING GOODS, BY COUNTRY, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 84. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY SPORTING GOODS, BY COUNTRY, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 85. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY HEALTHCARE, BY REGION, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 86. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY HEALTHCARE, BY REGION, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 87. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY HEALTHCARE, BY GROUP, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 88. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY HEALTHCARE, BY GROUP, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 89. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY HEALTHCARE, BY COUNTRY, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 90. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY HEALTHCARE, BY COUNTRY, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 91. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY INDUSTRIAL, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 92. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY INDUSTRIAL, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 93. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY INDUSTRIAL, BY REGION, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 94. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY INDUSTRIAL, BY REGION, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 95. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY INDUSTRIAL, BY GROUP, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 96. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY INDUSTRIAL, BY GROUP, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 97. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY INDUSTRIAL, BY COUNTRY, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 98. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY INDUSTRIAL, BY COUNTRY, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 99. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY HOSES & BELTING, BY REGION, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 100. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY HOSES & BELTING, BY REGION, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 101. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY HOSES & BELTING, BY GROUP, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 102. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY HOSES & BELTING, BY GROUP, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 103. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY HOSES & BELTING, BY COUNTRY, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 104. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY HOSES & BELTING, BY COUNTRY, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 105. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY INDUSTRIAL GOODS, BY REGION, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 106. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY INDUSTRIAL GOODS, BY REGION, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 107. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY INDUSTRIAL GOODS, BY GROUP, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 108. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY INDUSTRIAL GOODS, BY GROUP, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 109. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY INDUSTRIAL GOODS, BY COUNTRY, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 110. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY INDUSTRIAL GOODS, BY COUNTRY, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 111. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY SEALS & GASKETS, BY REGION, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 112. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY SEALS & GASKETS, BY REGION, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 113. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY SEALS & GASKETS, BY GROUP, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 114. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY SEALS & GASKETS, BY GROUP, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 115. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY SEALS & GASKETS, BY COUNTRY, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 116. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY SEALS & GASKETS, BY COUNTRY, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 117. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY POLYMER, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 118. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY POLYMER, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 119. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY CR, BY REGION, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 120. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY CR, BY REGION, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 121. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY CR, BY GROUP, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 122. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY CR, BY GROUP, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 123. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY CR, BY COUNTRY, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 124. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY CR, BY COUNTRY, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 125. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY EPDM, BY REGION, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 126. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY EPDM, BY REGION, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 127. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY EPDM, BY GROUP, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 128. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY EPDM, BY GROUP, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 129. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY EPDM, BY COUNTRY, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 130. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY EPDM, BY COUNTRY, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 131. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY NATURAL RUBBER, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 132. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY NATURAL RUBBER, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 133. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY NATURAL RUBBER, BY REGION, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 134. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY NATURAL RUBBER, BY REGION, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 135. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY NATURAL RUBBER, BY GROUP, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 136. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY NATURAL RUBBER, BY GROUP, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 137. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY NATURAL RUBBER, BY COUNTRY, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 138. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY NATURAL RUBBER, BY COUNTRY, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 139. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY RSS, BY REGION, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 140. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY RSS, BY REGION, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 141. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY RSS, BY GROUP, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 142. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY RSS, BY GROUP, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 143. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY RSS, BY COUNTRY, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 144. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY RSS, BY COUNTRY, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 145. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY SVR, BY REGION, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 146. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY SVR, BY REGION, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 147. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY SVR, BY GROUP, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 148. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY SVR, BY GROUP, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 149. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY SVR, BY COUNTRY, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 150. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY SVR, BY COUNTRY, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 151. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY TSR, BY REGION, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 152. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY TSR, BY REGION, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 153. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY TSR, BY GROUP, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 154. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY TSR, BY GROUP, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 155. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY TSR, BY COUNTRY, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 156. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY TSR, BY COUNTRY, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 157. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY NBR, BY REGION, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 158. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY NBR, BY REGION, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 159. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY NBR, BY GROUP, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 160. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY NBR, BY GROUP, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 161. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY NBR, BY COUNTRY, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 162. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY NBR, BY COUNTRY, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 163. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY SBR, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 164. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY SBR, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 165. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY SBR, BY REGION, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 166. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY SBR, BY REGION, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 167. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY SBR, BY GROUP, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 168. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY SBR, BY GROUP, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 169. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY SBR, BY COUNTRY, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 170. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY SBR, BY COUNTRY, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 171. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY EMULSION SBR, BY REGION, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 172. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY EMULSION SBR, BY REGION, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 173. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY EMULSION SBR, BY GROUP, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 174. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY EMULSION SBR, BY GROUP, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 175. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY EMULSION SBR, BY COUNTRY, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 176. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY EMULSION SBR, BY COUNTRY, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 177. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY SOLUTION SBR, BY REGION, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 178. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY SOLUTION SBR, BY REGION, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 179. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY SOLUTION SBR, BY GROUP, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 180. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY SOLUTION SBR, BY GROUP, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 181. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY SOLUTION SBR, BY COUNTRY, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 182. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY SOLUTION SBR, BY COUNTRY, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 183. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY TYPE, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 184. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY TYPE, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 185. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY ACCELERATORS, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 186. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY ACCELERATORS, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 187. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY ACCELERATORS, BY REGION, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 188. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY ACCELERATORS, BY REGION, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 189. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY ACCELERATORS, BY GROUP, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 190. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY ACCELERATORS, BY GROUP, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 191. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY ACCELERATORS, BY COUNTRY, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 192. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY ACCELERATORS, BY COUNTRY, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 193. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY GUANIDINES, BY REGION, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 194. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY GUANIDINES, BY REGION, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 195. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY GUANIDINES, BY GROUP, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 196. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY GUANIDINES, BY GROUP, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 197. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY GUANIDINES, BY COUNTRY, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 198. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY GUANIDINES, BY COUNTRY, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 199. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY SULFENAMIDES, BY REGION, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 200. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY SULFENAMIDES, BY REGION, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 201. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY SULFENAMIDES, BY GROUP, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 202. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY SULFENAMIDES, BY GROUP, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 203. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY SULFENAMIDES, BY COUNTRY, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 204. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY SULFENAMIDES, BY COUNTRY, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 205. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY THIAZOLES, BY REGION, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 206. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY THIAZOLES, BY REGION, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 207. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY THIAZOLES, BY GROUP, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 208. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY THIAZOLES, BY GROUP, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 209. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY THIAZOLES, BY COUNTRY, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 210. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY THIAZOLES, BY COUNTRY, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 211. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY ACTIVATORS, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 212. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY ACTIVATORS, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 213. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY ACTIVATORS, BY REGION, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 214. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY ACTIVATORS, BY REGION, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 215. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY ACTIVATORS, BY GROUP, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 216. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY ACTIVATORS, BY GROUP, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 217. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY ACTIVATORS, BY COUNTRY, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 218. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY ACTIVATORS, BY COUNTRY, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 219. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY STEARIC ACID, BY REGION, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 220. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY STEARIC ACID, BY REGION, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 221. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY STEARIC ACID, BY GROUP, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 222. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY STEARIC ACID, BY GROUP, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 223. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY STEARIC ACID, BY COUNTRY, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 224. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY STEARIC ACID, BY COUNTRY, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 225. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY ZINC OXIDE, BY REGION, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 226. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY ZINC OXIDE, BY REGION, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 227. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY ZINC OXIDE, BY GROUP, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 228. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY ZINC OXIDE, BY GROUP, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 229. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY ZINC OXIDE, BY COUNTRY, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 230. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY ZINC OXIDE, BY COUNTRY, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 231. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY ANTIDEGRADANTS, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 232. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY ANTIDEGRADANTS, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 233. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY ANTIDEGRADANTS, BY REGION, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 234. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY ANTIDEGRADANTS, BY REGION, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 235. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY ANTIDEGRADANTS, BY GROUP, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 236. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY ANTIDEGRADANTS, BY GROUP, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 237. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY ANTIDEGRADANTS, BY COUNTRY, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 238. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY ANTIDEGRADANTS, BY COUNTRY, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 239. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY ANTI-OXIDANTS, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 240. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY ANTI-OXIDANTS, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 241. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY ANTI-OXIDANTS, BY REGION, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 242. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY ANTI-OXIDANTS, BY REGION, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 243. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY ANTI-OXIDANTS, BY GROUP, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 244. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY ANTI-OXIDANTS, BY GROUP, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 245. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY ANTI-OXIDANTS, BY COUNTRY, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 246. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY ANTI-OXIDANTS, BY COUNTRY, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 247. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY PHENOLIC, BY REGION, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 248. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY PHENOLIC, BY REGION, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 249. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY PHENOLIC, BY GROUP, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 250. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY PHENOLIC, BY GROUP, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 251. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY PHENOLIC, BY COUNTRY, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 252. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY PHENOLIC, BY COUNTRY, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 253. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY PRIMARY AROMATIC AMINES, BY REGION, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 254. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY PRIMARY AROMATIC AMINES, BY REGION, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 255. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY PRIMARY AROMATIC AMINES, BY GROUP, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 256. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY PRIMARY AROMATIC AMINES, BY GROUP, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 257. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY PRIMARY AROMATIC AMINES, BY COUNTRY, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 258. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY PRIMARY AROMATIC AMINES, BY COUNTRY, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 259. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY ANTI-OZONANTS, BY REGION, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 260. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY ANTI-OZONANTS, BY REGION, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 261. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY ANTI-OZONANTS, BY GROUP, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 262. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY ANTI-OZONANTS, BY GROUP, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 263. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY ANTI-OZONANTS, BY COUNTRY, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 264. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY ANTI-OZONANTS, BY COUNTRY, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 265. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY ANTISTATIC AGENTS, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 266. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY ANTISTATIC AGENTS, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 267. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY ANTISTATIC AGENTS, BY REGION, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 268. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY ANTISTATIC AGENTS, BY REGION, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 269. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY ANTISTATIC AGENTS, BY GROUP, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 270. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY ANTISTATIC AGENTS, BY GROUP, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 271. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY ANTISTATIC AGENTS, BY COUNTRY, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 272. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY ANTISTATIC AGENTS, BY COUNTRY, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 273. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL, BY REGION, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 274. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL, BY REGION, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 275. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL, BY GROUP, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 276. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL, BY GROUP, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 277. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL, BY COUNTRY, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 278. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL, BY COUNTRY, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 279. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY QUATERNARY AMMONIUM SALTS, BY REGION, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 280. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY QUATERNARY AMMONIUM SALTS, BY REGION, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 281. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY QUATERNARY AMMONIUM SALTS, BY GROUP, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 282. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY QUATERNARY AMMONIUM SALTS, BY GROUP, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 283. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY QUATERNARY AMMONIUM SALTS, BY COUNTRY, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 284. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY QUATERNARY AMMONIUM SALTS, BY COUNTRY, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 285. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY FILLERS, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 286. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY FILLERS, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 287. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY FILLERS, BY REGION, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 288. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY FILLERS, BY REGION, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 289. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY FILLERS, BY GROUP, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 290. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY FILLERS, BY GROUP, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 291. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY FILLERS, BY COUNTRY, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 292. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY FILLERS, BY COUNTRY, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 293. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY CARBON BLACK, BY REGION, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 294. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY CARBON BLACK, BY REGION, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 295. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY CARBON BLACK, BY GROUP, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 296. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY CARBON BLACK, BY GROUP, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 297. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY CARBON BLACK, BY COUNTRY, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 298. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY CARBON BLACK, BY COUNTRY, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 299. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY SILICA, BY REGION, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 300. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY SILICA, BY REGION, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 301. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY SILICA, BY GROUP, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 302. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY SILICA, BY GROUP, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 303. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY SILICA, BY COUNTRY, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 304. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY SILICA, BY COUNTRY, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 305. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY FLAME RETARDANTS, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 306. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY FLAME RETARDANTS, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 307. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY FLAME RETARDANTS, BY REGION, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 308. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY FLAME RETARDANTS, BY REGION, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 309. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY FLAME RETARDANTS, BY GROUP, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 310. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY FLAME RETARDANTS, BY GROUP, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 311. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY FLAME RETARDANTS, BY COUNTRY, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 312. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY FLAME RETARDANTS, BY COUNTRY, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 313. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY ANTIMONY TRIOXIDE, BY REGION, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 314. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY ANTIMONY TRIOXIDE, BY REGION, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 315. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY ANTIMONY TRIOXIDE, BY GROUP, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 316. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY ANTIMONY TRIOXIDE, BY GROUP, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 317. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY ANTIMONY TRIOXIDE, BY COUNTRY, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 318. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY ANTIMONY TRIOXIDE, BY COUNTRY, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 319. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY PHOSPHORUS-BASED, BY REGION, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 320. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY PHOSPHORUS-BASED, BY REGION, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 321. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY PHOSPHORUS-BASED, BY GROUP, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 322. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY PHOSPHORUS-BASED, BY GROUP, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 323. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY PHOSPHORUS-BASED, BY COUNTRY, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 324. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY PHOSPHORUS-BASED, BY COUNTRY, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 325. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY PLASTICIZERS, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 326. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY PLASTICIZERS, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 327. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY PLASTICIZERS, BY REGION, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 328. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY PLASTICIZERS, BY REGION, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 329. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY PLASTICIZERS, BY GROUP, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 330. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY PLASTICIZERS, BY GROUP, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 331. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY PLASTICIZERS, BY COUNTRY, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 332. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY PLASTICIZERS, BY COUNTRY, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 333. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY EPOXIES, BY REGION, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 334. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY EPOXIES, BY REGION, 2025-2032 (USD MILLION)
  • TABLE 335. GLOBAL RUBBER ADDITIVES MARKET SIZE, BY EPOXIES, BY GROUP, 2018-2024 (USD MILLION)

T