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市場調查報告書
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1301006

製藥數字供應鏈管理市場規模、份額和趨勢分析報告：按產品、按部署、按軟件模塊、按地區、按細分市場預測，2023-2030 年

Digital Pharmaceutical Supply Chain Management Market Size, Share & Trends Analysis Report By Product (Software, Hardware), By Mode Of Delivery, By Software Modules, By Region, And Segment Forecasts, 2023 - 2030
出版日期: | 出版商: Grand View Research | 英文 250 Pages | 商品交期: 2-10個工作天內

價格

製藥數字供應鏈管理市場增長和趨勢

GrandView Research, Inc.最新報告顯示，2023年至2030年，全球醫藥數字化供應鏈管理市場規模將以8.2%的複合年增長率擴張，2030年將達到18.4億美元。預計將達到100萬美元。

有幾個重要因素推動了市場的擴張。 其中包括 GS1 標準系統和唯一設備標識 (UDI) 的使用不斷增加、基於雲的解決方案的出現、降低運營成本的需求不斷增長以及基於移動的醫療保健供應鏈管理解決方案的使用不斷增加。 這些因素綜合起來推動市場強勁的上升趨勢。

此外，通過市場研究，供應鏈內部數字化變得越來越有必要，以便及時有效地響應消費者需求。 當今的市場參與者正在探索從傳統供應鏈模式轉向數字化的可能性。 例如，行業專家在 2022 年 8 月 24 日播出的題為“數字化供應鏈”的播客中強調了數字化作為轉型關鍵驅動力的重要性。 行業參與者強調建立端到端連接以接觸客戶並有效滿足他們的需求的價值。 該播客深入介紹了數字化如何使您的組織更加敏捷和響應迅速。

製藥 SCM 中越來越多地採用流程自動化，涉及使用技術來自動化和簡化供應鏈中的各種任務。 這包括庫存管理、訂單處理和發貨跟蹤的自動化。 通過實施自動化，醫療保健組織可以減少人為錯誤、提高效率並節省時間和資源。 例如，通過自動化庫存管理，可以始終保持消耗品和藥品的庫存，從而降低必需品短缺的風險。 此外，自動化訂單處理和貨運跟蹤可以減少供應鏈中的延誤和錯誤，確保醫療保健提供者按時收到所需的物資。

人工智能是供應鏈技術最重要的戰略進步之一，對各行業產生深遠影響。 此外，端到端供應鏈管理和人工智能庫存管理軟件和服務提供商 Syft 於 2020 年 2 月進行的一項研究發現，美國正在使用人工智能和預測分析進行供應鏈管理。這樣做，突顯了醫療保健行業考慮數字化以改善供應鏈管理的機會越來越多。

主要市場參與者正在採取各種策略，例如收購、合作、業務擴張和新產品發布，以鞏固其市場地位並擴大客戶群。 以下是數字供應鏈管理行業的一些值得注意的最新發展：

2022 年 2 月，全球醫療保健交易所 (GHX) 宣布收購 Syft，這是一家人工智能庫存管理和 SCM 解決方案提供商。 此次收購將有助於 GHX 供應鏈部門的擴張和數字化。 2022 年 6 月，Kaleida Health 與 Infor 合作，將其不同的組織整合為一個企業，並將其供應鍊和財務應用程序遷移到雲端，以創建一個更可靠和可擴展的平台。

醫藥數字供應鏈管理市場報告亮點

  • 按產品劃分，軟件細分市場將在 2022 年佔據最大市場份額，達到 39.7%，預計在預測期內將以 8.22% 的複合年增長率增長最快。 這種擴張是由於公共和私營公司加大力度支持醫療保健 IT 基礎設施所致。 此類活動極大地影響了醫療機構中軟件解決方案的採用。
  • 以軟件模塊計算，2022 年製造軟件模塊細分市場佔據 41.83% 的市場份額。 這主要是因為醫療保健提供商經常使用條形碼等技術來降低運營成本並刺激市場擴張。
  • 由於基於網絡和本地部署的各種安全漏洞，基於雲的技術的採用正在不斷增加。 老一代系統需要定期投資進行軟件升級。 此外，隨著對 IT 基礎設施的需求不斷增長和業務需求不斷變化，與客戶和其他利益相關者的信息共享已成為一個關鍵問題，一些公司正在轉向基於雲的技術。我在這裡。
  • 北美在 2022 年佔據醫藥數字供應鏈管理行業的市場份額，佔 31.2%。 對提高數字供應鏈效率的需求、採用先進技術來降低供應鏈管理成本，以及結合機器學習和人工智能 (AI) 來更好地分析和預測供應鏈管理結果，正在推動增長。一個因素。 這些因素也支撐著整體市場的擴張。
  • 主要行業參與者包括 SAP、Oracle Corporation、McKesson Corporation、Tecsys、Jump Technologies, Inc. 和 Infor Inc.。 市場進入者正在實施地域擴張、聯盟、合作夥伴關係和合資企業等戰略舉措，以增加其在市場中的影響力。

內容

第一章調查方法及範圍

  • 市場細分和範圍
  • 調查方法
  • 調查範圍和假設
  • 初步研究和市場研究的研究方法
  • 數據源列表

第 2 章執行摘要

  • 市場概況
  • 片段快照
  • 競爭格局快照

第 3 章醫藥數字供應鏈管理市場變量、趨勢和範圍

  • 市場概覽：藥品數字化供應鏈管理
    • 趨勢
    • 驅動程序
    • 制約因素
  • 醫療保健的各個領域
    • 藥品供應鏈概覽
    • 醫療器械供應鏈
  • 技術
    • 現有技術
    • 新興技術
  • 製藥行業的重點領域
    • 利用數字 SCM - 當前的行業實踐
    • 數字供應鏈管理用例
    • 案例研究
    • 製藥數字供應鏈管理 - 挑戰與機遇
    • 數字供應鏈管理的好處
  • 數字供應鏈管理行業的最新趨勢
    • 主要交易和戰略聯盟分析
  • 追蹤解決方案市場全球概覽（2017-2030 年）

第 4 章供應商情報

  • 軟件提供商情報
    • 確定製藥行業排名前 15-20 名的數字 SCM 平台/軟件提供商
    • 供應商情況
    • 使用/引入的主要技術
    • 人工智能
    • 無人機技術
  • 在其價值鏈中使用數字醫療保健 SCM 的製藥公司名單

第 5 章成本情報

  • 關鍵供應鏈成本指標
    • 供應鏈數字化轉型的成本因素
  • 對數字供應鏈軟件成本的重要見解

第 6 章醫藥數字供應鏈管理市場：產品估算和趨勢分析

  • 細分儀表板
  • 醫藥數字供應鏈管理市場：2022 年和 2030 年產品變化分析
  • 軟件
  • 硬件
  • 服務

第 7 章醫藥數字供應鏈管理市場：部署估算和趨勢分析

  • 細分儀表板
  • 醫藥數字供應鏈管理市場：部署，2022 年和 2030 年
  • 基於雲
  • 基於網絡
  • 本地

第 8 章醫藥數字供應鏈管理市場：按產品和交付方式進行的區域估計和趨勢分析

  • 區域市場快照
  • 2022 年和 2030 年按地區劃分的製藥數字供應鏈管理市場份額
  • 按因素（政治、法律、經濟、技術）進行 SWOT 分析
    • 北美
    • 歐洲
    • 亞太地區
    • 拉丁美洲
    • 中東和非洲
  • 北美
    • 2018-2030 年北美製藥數字供應鏈管理市場估算和預測
    • 美國
    • 加拿大
  • 歐洲
    • 2018-2030 年歐洲製藥數字供應鏈管理市場估算和預測
    • 英國
    • 德國
    • 法國
    • 意大利
    • 西班牙
    • 挪威
    • 瑞典
    • 丹麥
  • 亞太地區
    • 2018-2030 年亞太地區醫藥數字供應鏈管理市場預測及預測
    • 中國
    • 日本
    • 印度
    • 澳大利亞
    • 泰國
    • 韓國
  • 拉丁美洲
    • 2018-2030 年拉丁美洲製藥數字供應鏈管理市場估算和預測
    • 巴西
    • 墨西哥
    • 阿根廷
  • MEA
    • MEA 製藥數字供應鏈管理市場估算和預測，2018-2030 年
    • 南非
    • 沙特阿拉伯
    • 阿拉伯聯合酋長國
    • 科威特

第 9 章競爭格局

  • 主要市場進入者的最新趨勢和影響分析
  • 公司/競爭對手分類
    • 創新者
  • 供應商情況
    • 主要經銷商和渠道合作夥伴名單
    • 主要客戶
    • 2022 年主要參與者的市場份額分析
    • McKesson Corporation
    • Mediceo Corporation
    • Palantir Technologies, Inc
    • Jump Technologires Inc
    • InterSystems Corporation
    • Tecsys
    • Oracle
    • SAP
    • Infor
    • Terso Solutions
    • CenTrak（HALMA.plc）
    • Biolog-id
    • TraceLink
Product Code: GVR-4-68040-085-0

Digital Pharmaceutical Supply Chain Management Market Growth & Trends

The global digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market size is expected to reach USD 1. 84 billion by 2030, expanding at 8.2% CAGR from 2023 to 2030, according to a new report by Grand View Research, Inc. Several significant factors are responsible for expanding the market. These include the expanding usage of the GS1 Standard System and Unique Device Identification (UDI), the emergence of cloud-based solutions, the rising demand for operational cost reduction, and the increased use of mobile-based healthcare supply chain management solutions. Collectively, these elements have fuelled the market's strong upward tendency to growth.

Furthermore, through market research, digitalization within the supply chain is becoming increasingly necessary to meet the demands of consumers in a timely and efficient manner. Current market players are exploring the potential of transitioning from traditional supply chain models to digitalization. For instance, industry experts emphasized the significance of digitization as a key driver of the transformation in the podcast episode titled "Digitised Supply Chain", aired on August 24th, 2022. Industry sources emphasized the value of creating end-to-end connections to contact clients and efficiently attending to their demands. The podcast provides insight into how digitization can improve organizational agility and responsiveness.

The increase in the adoption of process automation in pharmaceutical SCM involves using technology to automate and streamline various tasks in the supply chain. This can include automating inventory management, order processing, and tracking shipments. By implementing automation, healthcare organizations can reduce manual errors, improve efficiency, and save time and resources. For instance, automated inventory management can help to ensure that supplies and medications are always in stock, reducing the risk of running out of essential items. In addition, automating order processing and tracking shipments can help reduce delays and errors in the supply chain, ensuring that healthcare providers receive the supplies they need on time.

AI is one of the most significant strategic advancements in supply chain technology and has a big impact on many different industries. Furthermore, a survey conducted in February 2020 by Syft, a provider of software and services for end-to-end supply chain management and AI-enhanced inventory control, revealed that few hospitals in the U.S. use AI and predictive analytics for supply chain management, highlighting a growing opportunity for the healthcare sector to investigate digitization to improve its supply chain management.

Key market players are engaging in various strategies such as acquisitions, partnerships, expansions, and new products launched to strengthen their market position and expand their customer base. Some of the notable recent developments within the digital supply chain management industry are mentioned below:

In February 2022, Global Healthcare Exchange (GHX) announced the acquisition of Syft, AI-enabled inventory management, and SCM solution provider. The acquisition will help GHX expand and digitalize its supply chain segment. In June 2022, Kaleida Health partnered with Infor to use its solution in consolidating various organizations under one single enterprise and moving its supply chain and financial applications to the cloud to create a more dependable, scalable platform.

Digital Pharmaceutical Supply Chain Management Market Report Highlights

  • Based on product, the software segment accounted for the largest market share of 39.7% in 2022 and is anticipated to experience the fastest growth with a CAGR of 8.22% during the forecast period. This expansion can be attributed to the increased efforts made by public and private companies to support the healthcare IT infrastructure. These activities significantly influence the adoption of software solutions within healthcare organizations.
  • Based on software modules, the manufacturing software module segment dominated the market share of 41.83% in 2022. This is mainly because healthcare providers use technologies like barcodes very frequently, which lowers operating costs and stimulates market expansion
  • Based on the mode of delivery, the cloud-based segment dominated the market with a share of 40.3% in 2022 The adoption of cloud-based technology has increased owing to various security breaches on web-based and on-premise deployment. The old-generation systems require regular investments for upgrading software. Moreover, with growing IT infrastructure needs and changing business requirements, information sharing with clients & other stakeholders is a key concern, and therefore, several players are using cloud-based technology
  • North America dominated the digital pharmaceutical supply chain management industry in terms of a market share of 31.2% in 2022. The demand for improved digital supply chain efficiencies, the adoption of technological advancements that lower supply chain management costs, and the incorporation of machine learning and artificial intelligence (AI) for better analysis and prediction of supply chain management outcomes all contribute to the growth. These factors also support the overall market's expansion
  • Some key industry players are Sap; Oracle Corporation; McKesson Corporation; Tecsys; Jump Technologies, Inc.; Infor Inc. Market players are implementing strategic initiatives such as geographical expansion, collaborations, partnerships, and joint ventures to increase their market presence

Table of Contents

Chapter 1 Methodology And Scope

  • 1.1 Market Segmentation And Scope
  • 1.2 Research Methodology
    • 1.2.1 Information Procurement
      • 1.2.1.1 Purchased Database
      • 1.2.1.2 GVR's Internal Database
    • 1.2.2 Primary Research
  • 1.3 Research Scope And Assumptions
    • 1.3.1 Parent Market Analysis
    • 1.3.2 Parent Market - Commodity Flow Approach
    • 1.3.3 Sub Segment Level Assumptions
  • 1.4 Primary And Market Survey Research Methodology
    • 1.4.1 General Methodology
    • 1.4.2 Grand View Research Survey Methodology
  • 1.5 List To Data Sources

Chapter 2 Executive Summary

  • 2.1 Market Snapshot
  • 2.2 Segment Snapshot
  • 2.3 Competitive Landscape Snapshot

Chapter 3 Digital Pharmaceutical Supply Chain Management Market Variables, Trends & Scope

  • 3.1 Market Overview: Digital Supply Chain Management In Pharmaceutical
    • 3.1.1 Trends
      • 3.1.1.1 Immediate Access To Medical Supplies
      • 3.1.1.2 Rising Adoption Of Rfid
      • 3.1.1.3 Growing Use Of Telehealth Technologies In Digital Supply Chain Management
      • 3.1.1.4 Investment In Technologies
    • 3.1.2 Drivers
      • 3.1.2.1 Adoption Of Gs1 Standard System And Udi
      • 3.1.2.2 Emergence Of Cloud-Based Solutions
      • 3.1.2.3 Increasing Adoption Of Mobile-Based Healthcare Supply Chain Management Solutions
      • 3.1.2.4 Growing Requirement For Reduction In Operating Costs
    • 3.1.3 Restraints
      • 3.1.3.1 Cyber Security Risks Associated With The Solutions
      • 3.1.3.2 High Cost Associated With The Implementation And Maintenance Of Digital Healthcare Supply Chain Management Solutions
  • 3.2 Different Segments In Healthcare
    • 3.2.1 Overview Of The Pharmaceutical Supply Chain
    • 3.2.2 Medical Devices Supply Chain
  • 3.3 Technology
    • 3.3.1 Existing Technology
      • 3.3.1.1 Electronic Data Interchange (Edi)
      • 3.3.1.2 Enterprise Resource Planning (Erp) Systems
      • 3.3.1.3 Barcoding
      • 3.3.1.4 Process Automation
    • 3.3.2 Emerging Technology
      • 3.3.2.1 Iot And Rfid Tracking
      • 3.3.2.2 Ai And Predictive Analytics
      • 3.3.2.3 Drone Technology
      • 3.3.2.4 Blockchain
      • 3.3.2.5 Robotic Process Automation (Rpa)
      • 3.3.2.6 Cloud Computing
  • 3.4 Significant Areas In Pharmaceutical Industry
    • 3.4.1 Digital Scm Utilization - Current Industry Practices
    • 3.4.2 Digital Supply Chain Management Use Cases
    • 3.4.3 Case Studies
    • 3.4.4 Digital Pharmaceutical Supply Chain Management- Challenges And Opportunities
      • 3.4.4.1 Digital Supply Chain Management - Challenges In Pharmaceutical
      • 3.4.4.2 Market Challenges - Key Insights From Grand View Research Survey
      • 3.4.4.3 Digital Supply Chain Management - Opportunities In Pharmaceutical
      • 3.4.4.1.1 Demand Forecasting, Logistics, And Inventory Management
      • 3.4.4.1.1.1 Case Study - Merck Kgaa (Merck Group), A Large German Multinational Pharmaceutical, Chemical, And Life Sciences Company Headquartered In Darmstadt
      • 3.4.4.1.2 End-To-End Visibility
      • 3.4.4.1.2.1 Case Study - Ibm Sterling Aims To Simplify Complex Supply Chains Through Smarter Solutions
      • 3.4.4.1.3 Intelligent Automation For Industry 4.0 And The Internet Of Things
      • 3.4.4.1.3.1 Case Study - Moderna Therapeutics Located In Cambridge, Massachusetts (Ma)
      • 3.4.4.1.4 Ensuring Supply Chain Integrity
      • 3.4.4.1.4.1 Case Study - U.S.-Based Start-Up, Rxall
      • 3.4.4.1.5 Optimization Of Supply Chains For Timely Delivery Of Healthcare Products, Services, And Treatments
      • 3.4.4.2 Market Opportunities - Key Insights From Grand View Research Survey
    • 3.4.5 Digital Supply Chain Management Benefits
      • 3.4.5.1 Improved Process And Outcome
      • 3.4.5.2 Improved Access To Insights
      • 3.4.5.3 Reduces Inventory Waste
      • 3.4.5.4 Better Transparency
      • 3.4.5.5 Reporting And Analytics
  • 3.5 Recent Developments Within The Digital Supply Chain Management Industry
    • 3.5.1 Major Deals & Strategic Alliances Analysis
      • 3.5.1.1 Joint Ventures And Collaboration
      • 3.5.1.2 Mergers & Acquisitions
      • 3.5.1.3 Licensing & Partnership
  • 3.6 Global Overview Of Track And Trace Solutions Market (2017-2030) (USD Billion)

Chapter 4 Supplier Intelligence

  • 4.1 Software Provider Intelligence
    • 4.1.1 Identification Of Top 15-20 Digital Scm Platform/Software Providers In The Pharmaceutical Segment
    • 4.1.2 Supplier Landscape
    • 4.1.3 Top Technologies Being Used/Implemented
      • 4.1.3.1 Blockchain
    • 4.1.4 Artificial Intelligence
    • 4.1.5 Drone Technology
  • 4.2 List Of Pharmaceutical Companies Using Digital Healthcare Scm In Their Value Chain

Chapter 5 Cost Intelligence

  • 5.1 Essential Supply Chain Cost Metrics
    • 5.1.1 Digital Transformation Cost Factor In Supply Chain
  • 5.2 Key Insights On Digital Supply Chain Software Costs From Grand View Research Survey

Chapter 6 Digital Pharmaceutical Supply Chain Management Market: Product Estimates & Trend Analysis

  • 6.1 Segment Dashboard
  • 6.2 Digital Pharmaceutical Supply Chain Management Market: Product Movement Analysis, USD Million, 2022 & 2030
  • 6.3 Software
    • 6.3.1 Software Market Estimates And Forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
      • 6.3.1.1 Planning & Analytics Market Estimates And Forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
      • 6.3.1.2 Procurement Market Estimates And Forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
      • 6.3.1.3 Manufacturing Market Estimates And Forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
      • 6.3.1.4 Logistics Market Estimates And Forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
      • 6.3.1.5 Inventory Management Market Estimates And Forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • 6.4 Hardware
    • 6.4.1 Hardware Market Estimates And Forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • 6.5 Services
    • 6.5.1 Services Market Estimates And Forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)

Chapter 7 Digital Pharmaceutical Supply Chain Management Market: Deployment Estimates & Trend Analysis

  • 7.1 Segment Dashboard
  • 7.2 Digital Pharmaceutical Supply Chain Management Market: Deployment, 2022 & 2030 (USD Million)
  • 7.3 Cloud-Based
    • 7.3.1 Cloud-Based Market Estimates And Forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • 7.4 Web-Based
    • 7.4.1 Web-Based Market Estimates And Forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • 7.5 On-Premise
    • 7.5.1 On-Premise Market Estimates And Forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)

Chapter 8 Digital Pharmaceutical Supply Chain Management Market: Regional Estimates & Trend Analysis, By Product And Mode Of Delivery

  • 8.1 Regional Market Snapshot
  • 8.2 Digital Pharmaceutical Supply Chain Management Market Share, By Region, 2022 & 2030, USD Million
  • 8.3 Swot Analysis, By Factor (Political, Legal, Economic And Technological)
    • 8.3.1 North America
    • 8.3.2 Europe
    • 8.3.3 Asia Pacific
    • 8.3.4 Latin America
    • 8.3.5 Middle East And Africa
  • 8.4 North America
    • 8.4.1 North America Digital Pharmaceutical Supply Chain Management Market Estimates And Forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    • 8.4.2 U.S.
      • 8.4.2.1 U.S. Digital Pharmaceutical S`Upply Chain Management Market Estimates And Forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    • 8.4.3 Canada
      • 8.4.3.1 Canada Digital Pharmaceutical Supply Chain Management Market Estimates And Forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • 8.5 Europe
    • 8.5.1 Europe Digital Pharmaceutical Supply Chain Management Market Estimates And Forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    • 8.5.2 Uk
      • 8.5.2.1 Uk Digital Pharmaceutical Supply Chain Management Market Estimates And Forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    • 8.5.3 Germany
      • 8.5.3.1 Germany Digital Pharmaceutical Supply Chain Management Market Estimates And Forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    • 8.5.4 France
      • 8.5.4.1 France Digital Pharmaceutical Supply Chain Management Market Estimates And Forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    • 8.5.5 Italy
      • 8.5.5.1 Italy Digital Pharmaceutical Supply Chain Management Market Estimates And Forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    • 8.5.6 Spain
      • 8.5.6.1 Spain Digital Pharmaceutical Supply Chain Management Market Estimates And Forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    • 8.5.7 Norway
      • 8.5.7.1 Norway Digital Pharmaceutical Supply Chain Management Market Estimates And Forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    • 8.5.8 Sweden
      • 8.5.8.1 Sweden Digital Pharmaceutical Supply Chain Management Market Estimates And Forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    • 8.5.9 Denmark
      • 8.5.9.1 Denmark Digital Pharmaceutical Supply Chain Management Market Estimates And Forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • 8.6 Asia Pacific
    • 8.6.1 Asia Pacific Digital Pharmaceutical Supply Chain Management Market Estimates And Forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    • 8.6.2 China
      • 8.6.2.1 China Digital Pharmaceutical Supply Chain Management Market Estimates And Forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    • 8.6.3 Japan
      • 8.6.3.1 Japan Digital Pharmaceutical Supply Chain Management Market Estimates And Forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    • 8.6.4 India
      • 8.6.4.1 India Digital Pharmaceutical Supply Chain Management Market Estimates And Forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    • 8.6.5 Australia
      • 8.6.5.1 Australia Digital Pharmaceutical Supply Chain Management Market Estimates And Forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    • 8.6.6 Thailand
      • 8.6.6.1 Thailand Digital Pharmaceutical Supply Chain Management Market Estimates And Forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    • 8.6.7 South Korea
      • 8.6.7.1 South Korea Digital Pharmaceutical Supply Chain Management Market Estimates And Forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • 8.7 Latin America
    • 8.7.1 Latin America Digital Pharmaceutical Supply Chain Management Market Estimates And Forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    • 8.7.2 Brazil
      • 8.7.2.1 Brazil Digital Pharmaceutical Supply Chain Management Market Estimates And Forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    • 8.7.3 Mexico
      • 8.7.3.1 Mexico Digital Pharmaceutical Supply Chain Management Market Estimates And Forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    • 8.7.4 Argentina
      • 8.7.4.1 Argentina Digital Pharmaceutical Supply Chain Management Market Estimates And Forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • 8.8 MEA
    • 8.8.1 MEA Digital Pharmaceutical Supply Chain Management Market Estimates And Forecats, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    • 8.8.2 South Africa
      • 8.8.2.1 South Africa Digital Pharmaceutical Supply Chain Management Market Estimates And Forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    • 8.8.3 Saudi Arabia
      • 8.8.3.1 Saudi Arabia Digital Pharmaceutical Supply Chain Management Market Estimates And Forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    • 8.8.4 UAE
      • 8.8.4.1 UAE In Digital Pharmaceutical Supply Chain Management Market Estimates And Forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
    • 8.8.5 Kuwait
      • 8.8.5.1 Kuwait In Digital Pharmaceutical Supply Chain Management Market Estimates And Forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)

Chapter 9 Competitive Landscape

  • 9.1. Recent Developments & Impact Analysis, By Key Market Participants
  • 9.2. Company/Competition Categorization
    • 9.2.1. Innovators
  • 9.3. Vendor Landscape
    • 9.3.1. List of key distributors and channel partners
    • 9.3.2. Key customers
    • 9.3.3. Key company market share analysis, 2022
    • 9.3.4. McKesson Corporation
      • 9.3.4.1. Company overview
      • 9.3.4.2. Financial performance
      • 9.3.4.3. Product benchmarking
      • 9.3.4.4. Strategic initiatives
    • 9.3.5. Mediceo Corporation
      • 9.3.5.1. Company overview
      • 9.3.5.2. Financial performance
      • 9.3.5.3. Product benchmarking
      • 9.3.5.4. Strategic initiatives
    • 9.3.6. Palantir Technologies, Inc
      • 9.3.6.1. Company overview
      • 9.3.6.2. Financial performance
      • 9.3.6.3. Product benchmarking
      • 9.3.6.4. Strategic initiatives
    • 9.3.7. Jump Technologires Inc
      • 9.3.7.1. Company overview
      • 9.3.7.2. Financial performance
      • 9.3.7.3. Product benchmarking
      • 9.3.7.4. Strategic initiatives
    • 9.3.8. InterSystems Corporation
      • 9.3.8.1. Company overview
      • 9.3.8.2. Financial performance
      • 9.3.8.3. Product benchmarking
      • 9.3.8.4. Strategic initiatives
    • 9.3.9. Tecsys
      • 9.3.9.1. Company overview
      • 9.3.9.2. Financial performance
      • 9.3.9.3. Product benchmarking
      • 9.3.9.4. Strategic initiatives
    • 9.3.10. Oracle
      • 9.3.10.1. Company overview
      • 9.3.10.2. Financial performance
      • 9.3.10.3. Product benchmarking
      • 9.3.10.4. Strategic initiatives
    • 9.3.11. SAP
      • 9.3.11.1. Company overview
      • 9.3.11.2. Financial performance
      • 9.3.11.3. Product benchmarking
      • 9.3.11.4. Strategic initiatives
    • 9.3.12. Infor
      • 9.3.12.1. Company overview
      • 9.3.12.2. Financial performance
      • 9.3.12.3. Product benchmarking
      • 9.3.12.4. Strategic initiative
    • 9.3.13. Terso Solutions
      • 9.3.13.1. Company overview
      • 9.3.13.2. Financial performance
      • 9.3.13.3. Product benchmarking
      • 9.3.13.4. Strategic initiative
    • 9.3.14. CenTrak (HALMA.plc)
      • 9.3.14.1. Company overview
      • 9.3.14.2. Financial performance
      • 9.3.14.3. Product benchmarking
      • 9.3.14.4. Strategic initiative
    • 9.3.15. Biolog-id
      • 9.3.15.1. Company overview
      • 9.3.15.2. Financial performance
      • 9.3.15.3. Product benchmarking
      • 9.3.15.4. Strategic initiative
    • 9.3.16. TraceLink
      • 9.3.16.1. Company overview
      • 9.3.16.2. Financial performance
      • 9.3.16.3. Product benchmarking
      • 9.3.16.4. Strategic initiative

List of Tables

  • Table 1 List of Abbreviation
  • Table 2 North America digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market, by Region, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 3 North America digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market, by Product type, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 4 North America digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market, by mode of delivery, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 5 North America digital pharmaceutical supply chain management software market, by software modules, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 6 U.S. digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market, by Product type, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 7 U.S. digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market, by mode of delivery, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 8 U.S. digital pharmaceutical supply chain management software market, by software modules, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 9 Canada digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market, by Product type, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 10 Canada digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market, by mode of delivery, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 11 Canada digital pharmaceutical supply chain management software market, by software modules, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 12 Europe digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market, by Region, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 13 Europe digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market, by Product type, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 14 Europe digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market, by mode of delivery, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 15 Europe digital pharmaceutical supply chain management software market, by software modules, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 16 U.K. digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market, by Product type, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 17 U.K. digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market, by mode of delivery, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 18 U.K. digital pharmaceutical supply chain management software market, by software modules, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 19 Germany digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market, by Product type, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 20 Germany digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market, by mode of delivery, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 21 Germany digital pharmaceutical supply chain management software market, by software modules, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 22 France digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market, by Product type, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 23 France digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market, by mode of delivery, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 24 France digital pharmaceutical supply chain management software market, by software modules, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 25 Italy digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market, by Product type, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 26 Italy digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market, by mode of delivery, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 27 Italy digital pharmaceutical supply chain management software market, by software modules, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 28 Spain digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market, by Product type, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 29 Spain digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market, by mode of delivery, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 30 Spain digital pharmaceutical supply chain management software market, by software modules, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 31 Denmark digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market, by Product type, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 32 Denmark digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market, by mode of delivery, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 33 Denmark digital pharmaceutical supply chain management software market, by software modules, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 34 Sweden digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market, by Product type, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 35 Sweden digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market, by mode of delivery, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 36 Sweden digital pharmaceutical supply chain management software market, by software modules, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 37 Norway digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market, by Product type, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 38 Norway digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market, by mode of delivery, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 39 Norway digital pharmaceutical supply chain management software market, by software modules, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 40 Asia Pacific digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market, by Region, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 41 Asia Pacific digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market, by Product type, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 42 Asia Pacific digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market, by mode of delivery, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 43 Asia Pacific digital pharmaceutical supply chain management software market, by software modules, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 44 Japan digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market, by Product type, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 45 Japan digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market, by mode of delivery, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 46 Japan digital pharmaceutical supply chain management software market, by software modules, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 47 China digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market, by Product type, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 48 China digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market, by mode of delivery, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 49 China digital pharmaceutical supply chain management software market, by software modules, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 50 India digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market, by Product type, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 51 India digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market, by mode of delivery, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 52 India digital pharmaceutical supply chain management software market, by software modules, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 53 Australia digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market, by Product type, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 54 Australia digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market, by mode of delivery, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 55 Australia digital pharmaceutical supply chain management software market, by software modules, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 56 Thailand digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market, by Product type, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 57 Thailand digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market, by mode of delivery, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 58 Thailand digital pharmaceutical supply chain management software market, by software modules, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 59 South Korea digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market, by Product type, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 60 South Korea digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market, by mode of delivery, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 61 South Korea digital pharmaceutical supply chain management software market, by software modules, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 62 Latin America digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market, by Region, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 63 Latin America digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market, by Product type, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 64 Latin America digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market, by mode of delivery, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 65 Latin America digital pharmaceutical supply chain management software market, by software modules, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 66 Brazil digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market, by Product type, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 67 Brazil digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market, by mode of delivery, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 68 Brazil digital pharmaceutical supply chain management software market, by software modules, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 69 Mexico digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market, by Product type, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 70 Mexico digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market, by mode of delivery, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 71 Mexico digital pharmaceutical supply chain management software market, by software modules, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 72 Argentina digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market, by Product type, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 73 Argentina digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market, by mode of delivery, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 74 Argentina digital pharmaceutical supply chain management software market, by software modules, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 75 Middle East and Africa digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market, by Region, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 76 Middle East and Africa digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market, by Product type, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 77 Middle East and Africa digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market, by mode of delivery, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 78 Middle East and Africa digital pharmaceutical supply chain management software market, by software modules, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 79 South Africa digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market, by Product type, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 80 South Africa digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market, by mode of delivery, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 81 South Africa digital pharmaceutical supply chain management software market, by software modules, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 82 Saudi Arabia digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market, by Product type, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 83 Saudi Arabia digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market, by mode of delivery, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 84 Saudi Arabia digital pharmaceutical supply chain management software market, by software modules, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 85 UAE digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market, by Product type, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 86 UAE digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market, by mode of delivery, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 87 UAE digital pharmaceutical supply chain management software market, by software modules, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 88 Kuwait digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market, by Product type, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 89 Kuwait digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market, by mode of delivery, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Table 90 Kuwait digital pharmaceutical supply chain management software market, by software modules, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)

List of Figures

  • Fig. 1 Digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market segmentation
  • Fig. 2 Market research process
  • Fig. 3 Information procurement
  • Fig. 4 Primary research pattern
  • Fig. 5 Parent Market Analysis
  • Fig. 6 Information analysis and market formulation process
  • Fig. 7 Market Snapshot
  • Fig. 8 Segment Snapshot
  • Fig. 9 Competitive Landscape Snapshot
  • Fig. 10 Market trends analysis (Current & future impact)
  • Fig. 11 Market driver analysis (Current & future impact)
  • Fig. 12 Market restraints analysis (Current & future impact)
  • Fig. 13 Digital Supply Chain Management - Existing Technology
  • Fig. 14 Digital Supply Chain Management - Emerging Technology
  • Fig. 15 Digital Supply Chain Management Use Cases
  • Fig. 16 Supply chain planning value matrix
  • Fig. 17 Risk factors in overall healthcare supply chains
  • Fig. 18 Key challenges in pharmaceutical supply chains
  • Fig. 19 Notable AI-enabled SaaS logistics startups
  • Fig. 20 Benefits of digital supply chain management
  • Fig. 21 Track and trace solutions market summary
  • Fig. 22 Cutting-edge technologies cost
  • Fig. 23 Supply chain cost metrics
  • Fig. 24 Digital transformation cos factor in the supply chain
  • Fig. 25 Digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market, product outlook key takeaways (USD Million) 76
  • Fig. 26 Digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market: Product movement analysis (USD Million), 2022 & 2030
  • Fig. 27 Software market estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Fig. 28 Planning & analytics market estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Fig. 29 Procurement market estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Fig. 30 Manufacturing market estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Fig. 31 Logistics market estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Fig. 32 Inventory management market estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Fig. 33 Hardware market estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Fig. 34 Services market estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Fig. 35 Digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market, Deployment outlook key takeaways (USD Million)
  • Fig. 36 Digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market: Deployment movement analysis (USD Million), 2022 & 2030
  • Fig. 37 Cloud-based market estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Fig. 38 Web-based market estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Fig. 39 On-premise market estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Fig. 40 Regional marketplace: Key takeaways
  • Fig. 41 Regional Takeaways
  • Fig. 42 Digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market: Regional outlook, 2022 & 2030, USD Million
  • Fig. 43 North America digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market: SWOT Analysis
  • Fig. 44 Europe digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market: SWOT Analysis
  • Fig. 45 Asia Pacific digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market: SWOT Analysis
  • Fig. 46 Latin America digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market: SWOT Analysis
  • Fig. 47 Middle East and Africa digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market: SWOT Analysis 99
  • Fig. 48 North America digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Fig. 49 U.S. key country dynamics
  • Fig. 50 U.S. key country dynamics
  • Fig. 51 U.S. digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Fig. 52 Canada key country dynamics
  • Fig. 53 Canada key country dynamics
  • Fig. 54 Canada digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Fig. 55 Europe digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030, (USD Million)
  • Fig. 56 UK key country dynamics
  • Fig. 57 UK key country dynamics
  • Fig. 58 UK digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Fig. 59 Germany key country dynamic
  • Fig. 60 Germany key country dynamics
  • Fig. 61 Germany digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Fig. 62 France key country dynamics
  • Fig. 63 France key country dynamics
  • Fig. 64 France digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Fig. 65 Italy key country dynamics
  • Fig. 66 Italy key country dynamics
  • Fig. 67 Italy digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market estimates and forecasts, 2021 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Fig. 68 Spain key country dynamics
  • Fig. 69 Spain key country dynamics
  • Fig. 70 Spain digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Fig. 71 Norway key country dynamics
  • Fig. 72 Norway key country dynamics
  • Fig. 73 Norway digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Fig. 74 Sweden key country dynamics
  • Fig. 75 Sweden key country dynamics
  • Fig. 76 Sweden digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Fig. 77 Denmark key country dynamics
  • Fig. 78 Denmark key country dynamics
  • Fig. 79 Denmark digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Fig. 80 Asia Pacific digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030, (USD Million)
  • Fig. 81 China key country dynamics
  • Fig. 82 China key country dynamics
  • Fig. 83 China digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Fig. 84 Japan key country dynamics
  • Fig. 85 Japan key country dynamics
  • Fig. 86 Japan digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Fig. 87 India key country dynamics
  • Fig. 88 India key country dynamics
  • Fig. 89 India digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Fig. 90 Australia key country dynamics
  • Fig. 91 Australia key country dynamics
  • Fig. 92 Australia digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Fig. 93 Thailand key country dynamics
  • Fig. 94 Thailand key country dynamics
  • Fig. 95 Thailand digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Fig. 96 South Korea key country dynamics
  • Fig. 97 South Korea key country dynamics
  • Fig. 98 South Korea digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Fig. 99 Latin America digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Fig. 100 Brazil key country dynamics
  • Fig. 101 Brazil key country dynamics
  • Fig. 102 Brazil digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Fig. 103 Mexico key country dynamics
  • Fig. 104 Mexico key country dynamics
  • Fig. 105 Mexico digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Fig. 106 Argentina key country dynamics
  • Fig. 107 Argentina key country dynamics
  • Fig. 108 Argentina digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Fig. 109 MEA digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Fig. 110 South Africa key country dynamics
  • Fig. 111 South Africa key country dynamics
  • Fig. 112 South Africa digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Fig. 113 Saudi Arabia key country dynamics
  • Fig. 114 Saudi Arabia key country dynamics
  • Fig. 115 Saudi Arabia digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Fig. 116 UAE key country dynamics
  • Fig. 117 UAE key country dynamics
  • Fig. 118 UAE digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Fig. 119 Kuwait key country dynamics
  • Fig. 120 Kuwait key country dynamics
  • Fig. 121 Kuwait digital pharmaceutical supply chain management market estimates and forecasts, 2018 - 2030 (USD Million)
  • Fig. 122 Strategic framework
  • Fig. 123 Key Insight
  • Fig. 124 Key Insight
  • Fig. 125 Key Insight
  • Fig. 126 Key Insight
  • Fig. 127 Key Insight
  • Fig. 128 Key Insight