eVTOL 飛機市場機會、成長動力、產業趨勢分析及 2025 - 2034 年預測

2024 年全球 eVTOL 飛機市場價值為 7.72 億美元，預計到 2034 年將以 31.4% 的複合年成長率成長至 117.5 億美元。快速的都市化步伐導致道路堵塞，從而降低了傳統交通方式的效率。這種轉變引發了人們對替代出行選擇的濃厚興趣，eVTOL 正成為短途、高效、點對點旅行的領先解決方案。政府和城市規劃者正在積極鼓勵這些飛機作為現代基礎設施建設的一部分，並利用公私合作夥伴關係來支持實施。人們也越來越認知到，最佳化的城市交通系統可以促進整體經濟表現。同時，全球對永續發展的推動正在加速向電動交通的轉變，進一步提升了 eVTOL 技術在當今環保市場中的相關性。

然而，某些挑戰阻礙了市場的成長軌跡。對鋼鐵、鋁和航太零件等主要進口材料徵收的關稅推高了生產成本，尤其對依賴國際供應鏈的製造商影響尤為嚴重。這些成本的增加使得企業更難提供具有競爭力的價格，尤其是在價格高度敏感的市場中。更高的生產成本也轉嫁給了消費者，導致零售價格上漲。此外，供應鏈中斷導致最終交付延遲，給買家帶來了不確定性，並降低了採用率。儘管存在這些障礙，本土製造商仍然看到了優勢，因為減少的海外競爭為他們提供了更大的成長空間。從長遠來看，預計該行業將進行重新調整，更多公司將轉向國內採購並重新配置供應鏈，以降低受全球市場波動影響的風險。

電動垂直起降 (eVTOL) 越來越被視為解決地面交通低效率問題的實際可行的解決方案。它們能夠繞過道路交通堵塞，提供快速直達的路線，這為其帶來了極具吸引力的價值主張，尤其對城市通勤者而言。這些飛機採用垂直起降設計，非常適合空間有限的城市環境。各國政府也意識到其改變城市交通的潛力，並將其納入長期交通規劃。隨著清潔交通成為國家和國際優先事項，電動航空正獲得監管支持和私人投資的支持。

電池技術和電力推進系統的創新在提升電動垂直起降 (eVTOL) 商業可行性方面發揮關鍵作用。鋰離子電池和新興固態電池的進步正在延長飛行距離、增強安全性並提升有效載荷能力。同時，新材料和高效的推進設計正在降低整體營運成本。這些改進吸引了航太和汽車行業主要參與者的投資，他們看到了城市空中交通的長期潛力。開發商也正在使用輕質複合材料並探索節能馬達技術，以在提升飛機性能的同時實現永續發展目標。

依航程分類，短程（100 公里以內）市場在 2024 年的市場規模為 4.454 億美元。這個類別正蓬勃發展，成為城際和區域航空旅行最實用的解決方案，尤其適用於需要快速、頻繁航班的場景。這些飛機非常適合空中計程車、醫療運輸和物流等應用。電池的改進有助於延長飛行時間，同時提高有效載荷能力。政府和私人企業正在投資於起降區等配套基礎設施，但仍需應對噪音、監管和公眾信任等方面的挑戰。

按自動駕駛細分，2024 年，飛行員操作的電動垂直起降 (eVTOL) 飛機市場領先，估值達 5.345 億美元。由於公眾信任度較高且監管核准較順暢，這類機型在商業部署初期較受青睞。雖然對訓練有素的飛行員的需求會增加營運成本，但也確保了安全性和操控性，而這在該技術獲得更廣泛認可的背景下至關重要。各公司正在優先考慮使用者友善的介面和半自動駕駛艙系統，以支援操作員並減輕工作量。這些飛機是邁向完全自動駕駛的基石，有助於建立信譽並累積營運資料，最終將支援更先進的系統。

就區域需求而言，美國佔據市場主導地位，2024 年估值達 2.727 億美元。美國擁有強大的生態系統，由傳統航太公司和敏捷的新創公司組成，並受到擁抱技術創新的文化支持。專注於電池和自動化技術的研究工作正在推動市場發展。儘管空中交通管制和公眾情緒等整合挑戰依然存在，但美國致力於將 eVTOL 服務商業化的決心已透過與旅遊公司合作和基礎設施投資得到體現。

製造商正採取策略性舉措，透過投資節能設計、降低飛機噪音和整合自動化技術來保持競爭力。一些製造商正在利用人工智慧進行空中交通管理和預測性維護，以簡化營運。針對貨運、醫療運輸和高階航空旅行等細分領域的客製化正成為關鍵趨勢。同時，合併、合作以及與監管機構的協作正在幫助企業擴大營運規模並順利完成認證流程。數位孿生和機器人等新興技術也有助於降低成本並提高生產線的安全性。

目錄

第1章：方法論與範圍

第2章：執行摘要

第3章：行業洞察

• 產業生態系統分析
• 川普政府關稅分析
  • 對貿易的影響
    • 貿易量中斷
    • 報復措施
  • 對產業的影響
    • 供給側影響
      • 價格波動
      • 供應鏈重組
      • 生產成本影響
    • 需求面影響
      • 價格傳導至終端市場
      • 市佔率動態
      • 消費者反應模式
  • 受影響的主要公司
  • 策略產業反應
    • 供應鏈重組
    • 定價和產品策略
    • 政策參與
  • 展望與未來考慮
• 產業衝擊力
  • 成長動力
    • 城市擁擠和高效出行需求
    • 電池和電力推進技術的進步
    • 環境永續性和減排目標
    • 不斷增加的投資和策略夥伴關係
  • 產業陷阱與挑戰
    • 開發成本高
    • 法規核准延遲
• 成長潛力分析
• 監管格局
• 技術格局
• 未來市場趨勢
• 差距分析
• 波特的分析
• PESTEL分析

第4章：競爭格局

• 介紹
• 公司市佔率分析
• 主要市場參與者的競爭分析
• 競爭定位矩陣
• 策略儀表板

第5章：市場估計與預測：依範圍，2021-2034

• 主要趨勢
• 短程<100公里
• 中程100-300公里
• 長途運輸 >300 公里

第6章：市場估計與預測：依自治級別，2021-2034 年

• 主要趨勢
• 先導式
• 遙控
• 完全自主

第7章：市場估計與預測：按應用，2021-2034

• 主要趨勢
• 城市空中交通
• 空中救護車
• 旅遊與休閒
• 其他

第8章：市場估計與預測：按地區，2021 年至 2034 年

• 主要趨勢
• 北美洲
  • 美國
  • 加拿大
• 歐洲
  • 德國
  • 英國
  • 法國
  • 西班牙
  • 義大利
  • 荷蘭
• 亞太地區
  • 中國
  • 印度
  • 日本
  • 澳洲
  • 韓國
• 拉丁美洲
  • 巴西
  • 墨西哥
  • 阿根廷
• 中東和非洲
  • 沙烏地阿拉伯
  • 南非
  • 阿拉伯聯合大公國

第9章：公司簡介

• Joby Aviation
• Archer Aviation Inc.
• EHang
• Volocopter
• Lilium
• BETA Technologies
• Vertical Aerospace
• Wisk Aero
• Supernal, LLC
• Eve Air Mobility
• Autoflight
• Overair, Inc.
• AeroMobil
• SkyDrive Inc.
• Jaunt Air Mobility LLC.
• Urban Aeronautics
• Bell Textron Inc.
• DORONI AEROSPACE INC. ALL
• Guangdong Huitian Aerospace Technology Co., Ltd.

The Global eVTOL Aircraft Market was valued at USD 772 million in 2024 and is estimated to grow at a CAGR of 31.4% to reach USD 11.75 billion by 2034. The rapid pace of urbanization is driving up road congestion, making traditional transport modes less efficient. This shift is prompting significant interest in alternative mobility options, with eVTOLs emerging as a leading solution for short, efficient, point-to-point travel. Governments and city planners are actively encouraging these aircraft as part of modern infrastructure development, leveraging public-private partnerships to support implementation. There's also growing acknowledgment that an optimized urban transport system can contribute to overall economic performance. Meanwhile, the global push for sustainability is accelerating the transition toward electric-powered mobility, further boosting the relevance of eVTOL technology in today's eco-conscious markets.

However, certain challenges have tempered the market's growth trajectory. Tariffs imposed on key imported materials such as steel, aluminum, and aerospace components have driven up production costs, particularly impacting manufacturers relying on international supply chains. These increased costs have made it harder for companies to offer competitive pricing, especially in a market that is highly price sensitive. Higher production expenses are also being passed on to consumers, causing retail prices to climb. Additionally, supply chain interruptions have delayed final deliveries, creating uncertainty for buyers and slowing adoption rates. Despite these hurdles, local manufacturers have seen an advantage, as reduced foreign competition gives them more room to grow. Over the long term, the industry is expected to recalibrate, with more companies turning to domestic sourcing and reconfiguring supply chains to become less vulnerable to global disruptions.

eVTOLs are increasingly being viewed as a practical answer to the inefficiencies of ground-based transportation. Their ability to bypass road traffic and enable swift, direct routes offers a compelling value proposition, especially for urban commuters. These aircraft are designed to land and take off vertically, making them ideal for city environments with limited space. Governments are also acknowledging their potential to transform urban mobility and are integrating them into long-term transportation planning. As clean transportation becomes a national and international priority, electric aviation is gaining support through both regulatory backing and private investment.

Innovation in battery technology and electric propulsion systems is playing a pivotal role in making eVTOLs more commercially viable. Advances in lithium-ion and emerging solid-state batteries are extending flight range, enhancing safety, and increasing payload capacity. At the same time, new materials and efficient propulsion designs are lowering overall operational costs. These improvements are attracting investments from major players in the aerospace and automotive sectors, who see long-term potential in urban air mobility. Developers are also using lightweight composites and exploring energy-efficient motor technologies to enhance aircraft performance while meeting sustainability goals.

By range, the short-haul (up to 100 km) segment accounted for USD 445.4 million in 2024. This category is gaining momentum as the most practical solution for intra-city and regional air travel, especially for use cases requiring quick, frequent flights. These aircraft are well-suited for applications like air taxis, medical transportation, and logistics. Battery improvements are helping extend flight times while increasing payload capacity. Governments and private firms are investing in supporting infrastructure like takeoff and landing zones, though challenges related to noise, regulation, and public trust still need to be addressed.

When broken down by autonomy, pilot-operated eVTOLs led the market in 2024 with a valuation of USD 534.5 million. These models are preferred during the initial stages of commercial deployment due to greater public trust and smoother regulatory approval. While the requirement for trained pilots increases operational costs, it also ensures safety and control, which is critical as the technology gains broader acceptance. Companies are prioritizing user-friendly interfaces and semi-automated cockpit systems to support operators and reduce workload. These aircraft serve as a stepping stone to full autonomy, helping to build credibility and operational data that will eventually support more advanced systems.

In terms of regional demand, the U.S. dominated the market with a valuation of USD 272.7 million in 2024. The country offers a strong ecosystem of legacy aerospace firms and agile startups, supported by a culture that embraces technological innovation. Research efforts focused on battery and automation technologies are pushing the market forward. While integration challenges like air traffic control and public sentiment remain, the country's commitment to commercializing eVTOL services is evident through partnerships with mobility companies and infrastructure investments.

Manufacturers are taking strategic steps to remain competitive by investing in energy-efficient designs, reducing aircraft noise, and integrating automation. Some are leveraging AI for air traffic management and predictive maintenance to streamline operations. Customization for niche sectors like cargo, medical transport, and premium air travel is becoming a key trend. At the same time, mergers, partnerships, and collaborations with regulatory authorities are helping firms scale operations and navigate certification processes. Emerging technologies like digital twins and robotics are also helping reduce costs and increase safety across production lines.

Table of Contents

Chapter 1 Methodology and Scope

• 1.1 Market scope and definitions
• 1.2 Research design
  • 1.2.1 Research approach
  • 1.2.2 Data collection methods
• 1.3 Base estimates and calculations
  • 1.3.1 Base year calculation
  • 1.3.2 Key trends for market estimation
• 1.4 Forecast model
• 1.5 Primary research and validation
  • 1.5.1 Primary sources
  • 1.5.2 Data mining sources

Chapter 2 Executive Summary

• 2.1 Industry 360⁰ synopsis

Chapter 3 Industry Insights

• 3.1 Industry ecosystem analysis
• 3.2 Trump administration tariffs analysis
  • 3.2.1 Impact on trade
    • 3.2.1.1 Trade volume disruptions
    • 3.2.1.2 Retaliatory measures
  • 3.2.2 Impact on the industry
    • 3.2.2.1 Supply-side impact
      • 3.2.2.1.1 Price volatility
      • 3.2.2.1.2 Supply chain restructuring
      • 3.2.2.1.3 Production cost implications
    • 3.2.2.2 Demand-side impact
      • 3.2.2.2.1 Price transmission to end markets
      • 3.2.2.2.2 Market share dynamics
      • 3.2.2.2.3 Consumer response patterns
  • 3.2.3 Key companies impacted
  • 3.2.4 Strategic industry responses
    • 3.2.4.1 Supply chain reconfiguration
    • 3.2.4.2 Pricing and product strategies
    • 3.2.4.3 Policy engagement
  • 3.2.5 Outlook and future considerations
• 3.3 Industry impact forces
  • 3.3.1 Growth drivers
    • 3.3.1.1 Urban congestion and need for efficient mobility
    • 3.3.1.2 Advancements in battery and electric propulsion technologies
    • 3.3.1.3 Environmental sustainability and emission reduction goals
    • 3.3.1.4 Rising investments and strategic partnerships
  • 3.3.2 Industry pitfalls and challenges
    • 3.3.2.1 High development costs
    • 3.3.2.2 Regulatory approval delays
• 3.4 Growth potential analysis
• 3.5 Regulatory landscape
• 3.6 Technology landscape
• 3.7 Future market trends
• 3.8 Gap analysis
• 3.9 Porter's analysis
• 3.10 PESTEL analysis

Chapter 4 Competitive Landscape, 2024

• 4.1 Introduction
• 4.2 Company market share analysis
• 4.3 Competitive analysis of major market players
• 4.4 Competitive positioning matrix
• 4.5 Strategy dashboard

Chapter 5 Market Estimates & Forecast, By Range, 2021-2034 (USD Million & Units)

• 5.1 Key trends
• 5.2 Short-Haul <100 km
• 5.3 Medium-Haul 100-300 km
• 5.4 Long-Haul >300 km

Chapter 6 Market Estimates & Forecast, By Autonomy Level, 2021-2034 (USD Million & Units)

• 6.1 Key trends
• 6.2 Pilot-operated
• 6.3 Remote-piloted
• 6.4 Fully autonomous

Chapter 7 Market Estimates & Forecast, By Application, 2021-2034 (USD Million & Units)

• 7.1 Key trends
• 7.2 Urban air mobility
• 7.3 Air ambulance
• 7.4 Tourism & leisure
• 7.5 Others

Chapter 8 Market Estimates and Forecast, By Region, 2021 – 2034 (USD Million & Units)

• 8.1 Key trends
• 8.2 North America
  • 8.2.1 U.S.
  • 8.2.2 Canada
• 8.3 Europe
  • 8.3.1 Germany
  • 8.3.2 UK
  • 8.3.3 France
  • 8.3.4 Spain
  • 8.3.5 Italy
  • 8.3.6 Netherlands
• 8.4 Asia Pacific
  • 8.4.1 China
  • 8.4.2 India
  • 8.4.3 Japan
  • 8.4.4 Australia
  • 8.4.5 South Korea
• 8.5 Latin America
  • 8.5.1 Brazil
  • 8.5.2 Mexico
  • 8.5.3 Argentina
• 8.6 Middle East and Africa
  • 8.6.1 Saudi Arabia
  • 8.6.2 South Africa
  • 8.6.3 UAE

Chapter 9 Company Profiles

• 9.1 Joby Aviation
• 9.2 Archer Aviation Inc.
• 9.3 EHang
• 9.4 Volocopter
• 9.5 Lilium
• 9.6 BETA Technologies
• 9.7 Vertical Aerospace
• 9.8 Wisk Aero
• 9.9 Supernal, LLC
• 9.10 Eve Air Mobility
• 9.11 Autoflight
• 9.12 Overair, Inc.
• 9.13 AeroMobil
• 9.14 SkyDrive Inc.
• 9.15 Jaunt Air Mobility LLC.
• 9.16 Urban Aeronautics
• 9.17 Bell Textron Inc.
• 9.18 DORONI AEROSPACE INC. ALL
• 9.19 Guangdong Huitian Aerospace Technology Co., Ltd.