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市場調查報告書
商品編碼
1316289
全球金屬回收市場 - 2023-2030 年Global Metal Recycling Market - 2023-2030 |
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全球金屬回收市場規模在2022 年達到545 億美元,預計到2030 年將達到922 億美元,2023-2030 年的複合年成長率為6.8%。
未來幾年,政府計劃將成為推動全球金屬回收市場成長的關鍵因素。各國政府正在實施各種激勵措施來促進金屬回收。垃圾填埋和傾倒限制、稅收減免以及對利用回收金屬的行業提供補貼等政策都有可能提高金屬回收利用率。
非洲等發展中地區越來越希望發展當地的金屬回收業。 2023 年3 月,在阿拉伯聯合大公國杜拜召開了一次會議,旨在集思廣益,制定新的政策實施戰略,幫助非洲發展當地的廢金屬加工業。非洲回收協會(RAA)是一個新成立的非營利組織,旨在促進該地區報廢材料的回收和再利用。
全球金屬市場極不穩定,地緣政治發展、需求供應動態和貿易法規對金屬價格影響極大。因此,這對汽車和電子行業等嚴重依賴金屬的高產量、低利潤行業構成了挑戰。即使金屬價格短期飆升,也會大大侵蝕這些行業的利潤空間。
因此,為了抵禦金屬價格波動的影響,許多行業正在逐步採用閉迴路供應鏈模式。閉迴路供應鏈優先考慮在同一供應鏈內回收和循環利用廢金屬。各行業可以最大限度地利用金屬,減少對新加工金屬的依賴,從而減少受價格波動的影響。閉迴路供應鏈的實施極大地促進了金屬回收利用的增加。
新技術的進步極大地提高了金屬回收作業的效率並降低了成本。近年來,一個值得注意的進步是移動廢料處理裝置的日益普及。這種移動設備可以直接運到廢金屬現場,從而提高處理速度和效率,降低運輸成本。這對於回收設施不便的偏遠地區尤其有用。
此外,熔煉爐的進步使精確的溫度控制在最大程度上實現了金屬回收的後處理。磁性分離器和渦流分離器的使用增多,可快速有效地分揀黑色金屬和有色金屬,而無需使用人工。技術進步將提高資源利用效率,減少回收作業對環境的影響,提高回收率。
近年來,全球廢金屬貿易已成為一個熱點政治問題,已開發國家被指責向發展中國家傾倒廢物,導致大範圍的環境污染。許多發展中國家已開始設置壁壘,限製或完全停止進口廢金屬。
2022 年4 月,印度發布指令,限制進口各類廢金屬,進口必須獲得政府許可。隨著越來越多的發展中國家為保護本國工業和當地環境而設置貿易壁壘,這對全球金屬回收市場產生了連鎖反應。由於大多數回收設施都位於發展中國家,貿易壁壘導致廢金屬堆積和回收金屬產量減少。因此,這對全球金屬商品造成了定價壓力。
由於需求大幅減少,COVID-19 大流行導致全球商品價格急劇下降。除貴金屬外,低價格引發了金屬回收行業的危機,一些小型回收商不得不因大流行病而關閉業務。大型回收商不得不從根本上改變定價模式,採取削減成本的措施,以維持生存。
各國政府正在採取各種支持措施,以促進大流行病後時期的經濟成長。事實證明,政府將大部分支持措施集中在永續發展的產業上,這對金屬回收業是有利的。疫情過後,全球金屬回收行業可能會出現強勁反彈。
俄烏戰爭導致全球商品市場波動,因為作為鋁、鋼鐵和鉑金等金屬的主要出口國,俄羅斯因戰爭受到美國和歐盟的製裁。一些金屬價格的上漲為回收商提高產量提供了重大機會。
由於俄羅斯關閉天然氣供應以報複製裁,歐洲陷入了能源危機。隨著能源成本的飆升,歐洲的金屬回收業開始失去競爭力。這為亞太地區的回收商創造了機會,他們以犧牲歐洲回收商的利益為代價,搶占了更大的全球市場佔有率。
Global Metal Recycling Market reached US$ 54.5 billion in 2022 and is expected to reach US$ 92.2 billion by 2030, growing with a CAGR of 6.8% during the forecast period 2023-2030.
Government initiatives will be a key factor in driving the growth of the global metal recycling market over the coming years. Governments are implementing various incentives to promote metal recycling. Landfill and dumping restrictions, tax credits and subsidies for industries utilizing recycled metal are some of the policies likely to improve the adoption of metal recycling practices.
Developing regions such as Africa are increasingly looking to develop a local metal recycling industry. In March 2023, a conference was held in Dubai, UAE to brainstorm new strategies for the implementation of policies to help develop local scrap metal processing industry in Africa. One of the key participants was the Recycling Association of Africa (RAA), a newly established not-for-profit organization created to promote recycling and reusing of end-of-life materials in the region.
The global metals market is extremely volatile, with geopolitical developments, demand supply dynamics and trade regulations having an outsized impact on metal prices. It therefore presents a challenge to high volume, low margin industries that are heavily reliant on metals, such as the automotive and electronic industries. Even a short-term spike in metal prices can considerably erode the profit margins of these industries.
Therefore, to indemnify themselves against metal price volatility, many industries are gradually adopting closed loop supply chain models. A closed-loop supply chain prioritizes the recovery and recycling of scrap metal within the same supply chain. Industries can maximize utilization of metals and reduce their reliance on freshly processed metals, thus reducing their exposure to price fluctuations. The implementation of closed-loop supply chains creates a significant incentive to increase metal recycling.
New technological advances have significantly improved the efficiency and reduced costs of metal recycling operations. One notable advancement of recent years has been the growing adoption of mobile scrap processing units. The mobile units can be brought directly to the site of scrap metal, leading to quicker and efficient processing and reducing transportation costs. It is particularly useful for remote areas where recycling facilities aren't readily available.
Furthermore, advancements in smelting furnaces has enabled precision temperature control maximum metal recovery post-processing. The increased usage of magnetic and eddy current separators allows for quick and efficient sorting of ferrous and non-ferrous metals without the usage of manual labor. Technological advancements will lead to enhanced resource efficiency, reduce the environmental impact of recycling operations and enable higher recycling rates.
The global trade of scrap metal has turned into a hot button political issue in recent years, with developed countries being accused of dumping their waste on developing countries, leading to widespread environmental contamination. Many developing countries have begun putting up barriers to restrict or outright stop the importation of scrap metals.
In April 2022, India issued a directive restricting the import of various types of scrap metals, with importation requiring government licensing. As more and more developing countries set up trade barriers to protect their domestic industries and the local environment, it creates a knock on effect on the global metal recycling market. Since most recycling facilities are located in developing countries, trade barriers lead to piling up of scrap metal and reduction in the output of recycled metal. It consequently creates pricing pressure on global metal commodities.
The COVID-19 pandemic led to a sharp decrease in global commodity prices on account of significantly reduced demand. With the exception of precious metals, low prices triggered a crisis within the metal recycling industry, with several small recyclers having to close operations due to the pandemic. Major recyclers have to radically alter their pricing models and undertake cost cutting measures to stay afloat.
Governments are undertaking various support measures to boost economic growth in the post-pandemic period. It has proven advantageous for the metal recycling industry has governments have focused a large portion of their support measures on sustainable industries. The post-pandemic period is likely to witness a strong rebound of the global metal recycling industry.
The Russia-Ukraine war led to volatility in global commodity markets as Russia, a leading exporter of metals like aluminum, iron and steel and platinum was sanctioned by U.S. and European Union (EU) for the war. The rising prices of some metals presents a major opportunity for recyclers to ramp up production.
Europe was plunged into an energy crisis as Russia shut off gas supplies in retaliation for the sanctions. With soaring energy costs, the metal recycling industry in Europe started to lose its competitiveness. It created opportunities for recyclers in Asia-Pacific to capture a larger share of the global market at the expense of European recyclers.
The global metal recycling market is segmented based on metal, scrap, mode of recycling, end-user and region.
Shredding mode of recycling accounts for nearly a third of the global market. Shredding is effective in removing metals from other materials such as rubber frames or insulation. Modern shredders have powerful blades which can cut through materials of any thickness. Shredding also helps to break down large sized scrap metal into smaller pieces for better processing.
Shredding is mainly used to facilitate downstream processing steps, such as the separation of ferrous and non-ferrous metals through magnetic or eddy current separation. Shredded metal fragments are easier to handle and enable more efficient sorting. Shredding thus enhances the overall efficiency of the metal recycling process.
North America accounts for a third of the global market. North America is a highly developed and industrialized region with a consumerist society which generates significant scrap metal waste every year. However, metal recycling companies in North America have been facing declining revenues in recent years, as rising costs have made it more economical to ship scrap metal to Asia-Pacific for recycling.
Therefore, North American metal recyclers are increasingly relying upon automation to improve recycling efficiency and lower scrap metal processing costs. One of the major avenues of future growth for the North American market has been battery metal recycling. With increased EV production, companies are investing in facilities for recovery and recycling of lithium, cobalt, nickel and other battery metals. For instance, in June 2023, Ascend Elements, a U.S. company specializing in battery materials, opened a new battery metal recycling plant in Covington, Georgia, U.S.
The major global players include: Gerdau S/A, Nucor, Commercial Metals Company, Steel Dynamics, Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc., River Metals Recycling, ArcelorMittal, Aurubis AG, Dowa Holdings Co. Ltd and Novelis Inc.
The global metal recycling market report would provide approximately 64 tables, 72 figures and 210 Pages.
LIST NOT EXHAUSTIVE