封面
市場調查報告書
商品編碼
1182099

獸藥合同研究組織 (CRO) 全球市場規模調查和預測:按技術(臨床試驗支持、質量保證、其他)、區域分析,2022-2029 年

Global Veterinary CRO Market Size study & Forecast, by Techniques (Clinical Trials Support, Quality Assurance, Others) and Regional Analysis, 2022-2029

出版日期: | 出版商: Bizwit Research & Consulting LLP | 英文 | 商品交期: 2-3個工作天內

價格

獸藥合同研究組織 (CRO) 為製藥行業的動物提供各種服務。

由於動物疾病負擔增加和研發活動支出增加等因素,獸藥合同研究組織 (CRO) 市場正在擴大。 該市場由 Oncovet Clinical Research、knoell、Clinvet 等公司主導。

根據美國農業部的數據,2020 年 13 個州報告了 142 例東部馬腦炎病例。 此外,政府資助的農牧業開發和研究正在幫助擴大市場。 例如,根據 2022 年發布的預算報告,印度畜牧業和乳業部將其預算撥款從 2021-2022 年的 4.514 億美元增加到 2022-2023 年的 5.3778 億美元。畜牧業和乳業部也增加了預算對國家畜牧業使命的撥款增加 17%,從 2021-2022 年的 4389 萬美元增加到 2022-2023 年的 5141 萬美元。 因此,增加對獸醫保健的資金和投資可能會促進市場增長。 然而,缺乏熟練的專業人員可能會阻止市場的增長。

全球動物健康合同研究組織 (CRO) 市場研究的區域是亞太地區、北美、歐洲、拉丁美洲和世界其他地區。 由於人們越來越意識到動物保健和研究的重要性,亞太地區在收入方面佔據了主導地位。 比如2022年9月,中國畜牧業協會將舉辦“中國畜牧業博覽會”。 該展覽涵蓋豬、家禽、牛、奶製品和綿羊產品和服務,是中國畜牧業專業人士的國際交流中心。 由於私營公司不斷增加的戰略舉措,預計北美在預測期內將顯著增長。

這項研究的目的是定義近年來各個細分市場和國家的市場規模,並預測未來幾年的價值。 該報告旨在捕捉被調查國家工業的定性和定量方面的情況。

它還提供了關鍵方面的詳細信息,例如決定市場未來增長的驅動因素和挑戰。 此外,它還包含供利益相關者投資的微觀市場潛在機會,以及對主要參與者的競爭格局和產品供應的深入分析。

內容

第 1 章執行摘要

  • 市場概況
  • 2019-2029 年各細分市場的全球市場估計和預測
    • 2019-2029 年按地區劃分的獸藥合同研究組織 (CRO) 市場
    • 獸藥合同研究組織 (CRO) 市場,按技術分類,2019-2029 年
  • 主要趨勢
  • 調查方法
  • 調查先決條件

第 2 章。全球獸藥合同研究組織 (CRO) 市場的定義和範圍

  • 調查的目的
  • 市場定義和範圍
    • 調查範圍
    • 工業發展
  • 調查年份
  • 貨幣兌換率

第 3 章全球動物健康合同研究組織 (CRO) 市場動態

  • 獸藥合同研究組織 (CRO) 市場影響分析 (2019-2029)
    • 市場驅動因素
      • 增加動物的疾病負擔
      • 增加研發活動的支出
    • 市場挑戰
      • 缺乏熟練的專業人員
    • 市場機會
      • 市場技術進步
      • 私營公司的戰略舉措

第 4 章全球動物保健合同研究組織 (CRO) 市場的行業分析

  • 波特 5 力模型
    • 供應商的議價能力
    • 買家的議價能力
    • 新進入者的威脅
    • 替代品的威脅
    • 競爭公司之間的敵對關係
  • 波特 5 力模型的未來方法 (2019-2029)
  • 害蟲分析
    • 政治
    • 經濟的
    • 社交
    • 技術
  • 投資招聘模式
  • 分析師的結論和建議
  • 頂級投資機會
  • 關鍵成功策略

第 5 章風險評估:COVID-19 的影響

  • 評估 COVID-19 對行業的總體影響
  • COVID-19 之前和 COVID-19 之後的市場情景

第 6 章全球獸藥合同研究組織 (CRO) 市場:按技術分類

  • 市場概況
  • 全球動物藥物合同研究組織 (CRO) 市場:技術、性能和潛力分析
  • 2019-2029 年獸藥合同研究組織 (CRO) 全球市場、技術估計和預測
  • 獸藥合同研究組織 (CRO) 市場、細分市場分析
    • 臨床試驗支持
    • 質量保證
    • 其他

第 7 章:全球動物藥物合同研究組織 (CRO) 市場:區域分析

  • 獸藥合同研究組織 (CRO) 市場,按地區劃分的市場概況
  • 北美
    • 美國
      • 按技術估算和預測,2019-2029 年
    • 加拿大
  • 歐洲動物健康合同研究組織 (CRO) 市場概況
    • 英國
    • 德國
    • 法國
    • 西班牙
    • 意大利
    • 其他歐洲地區
  • 亞太地區動物健康合同研究組織 (CRO) 市場概況
    • 中國
    • 印度
    • 日本
    • 澳大利亞
    • 韓國
    • 其他亞太地區
  • 拉丁美洲動物健康合同研究組織 (CRO) 市場概況
    • 巴西
    • 墨西哥
  • 世界其他地區

第 8 章衝突信息

  • 頂級市場策略
  • 公司簡介
    • Vetpharm, Inc.
      • 主要信息
      • 概覽
      • 財務信息(取決於數據可用性)
      • 產品概述
      • 近期趨勢
    • Charles River Laboratories, Inc.
    • Clinvet
    • Klifovet AG
    • Lohlein and wolf vet research
    • Oncovet Clinical Research
    • Ondax Scientific
    • knoell
    • Veterinary Research Management
    • Vetspin SRL

第 9 章研究過程

  • 研究過程
    • 數據挖掘
    • 分析
    • 市場評估
    • 驗證
    • 出版
  • 調查屬性
  • 調查先決條件

Global Veterinary CRO Market is valued at approximately USD XXX billion in 2021 and is anticipated to grow with a healthy growth rate of more than XXX% over the forecast period 2022-2029. Veterinary CRO provides varied services to animals in the pharmaceutical industry. The Veterinary CRO market is expanding because of factors such as growing burden of diseases in animals and increasing expenditure on research and development activities. The market is dominated by Oncovet Clinical Research, knoell, Clinvet, and others.

The United States Department of Agriculture reports that 142 cases of eastern equine encephalitis in horses were reported in 13 states in 2020. Additionally, government-funded development and research in the fields of agriculture and animal husbandry aid in the market's expansion. For instance, according to the budget report published in 2022, India's Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairy has raised its budget allocation from USD 451.40 million in the year 2021-2022 to USD 537.78 million in 2022-2023 The budgetary allocation for the National Livestock Mission of the Department of Animal Husbandry and Dairy has also risen, according to the same source, from USD 43.89 million in 2021-2022 to USD 51.41 million in 2022-2023-a 17% increase in funding. Hence increase in funding and investment in veterinary healthcare is likely to boost the market growth. However, lack of skilled professionals may halt market growth.

The key regions considered for the Global Veterinary CRO Market study include Asia Pacific, North America, Europe, Latin America, and Rest of the World. Asia Pacific dominated the space in terms of revenue, owing to rising awareness towards the importance of animal healthcare and research. For instance, in September 2022, the China Animal Husbandry Association will organize the "China Animal Husbandry Expo." With a full spectrum of products and services for pigs, poultry, cattle, dairy, and sheep, the exhibit acts as a hub for international communication for China's animal husbandry specialists. North America is expected to grow significantly during the forecast period, owing to rising strategic initiatives by the private players in the market.

Major market players included in this report are:

Vetpharm, Inc

Charles River Laboratories, Inc.

Clinvet

Klifovet AG

Lohlein and wolf vet research

Oncovet Clinical Research

Ondax Scientific

knoell

Veterinary Research Management

Vetspin SRL

Recent Developments in the Market:

  • Clinical validation of a next-generation sequencing-based multi-cancer early detection "liquid biopsy" blood test in over 1,000 dogs utilising an independent review set: The CANcer Detection in Dogs (CANDiD) research was sponsored by PetDx in April 2022. This clinical trial's goal was to assess the efficacy of a novel blood test for several cancers in detecting and classifying canine cancer.
  • Covetrus, a member of animal health services and technology, introduced Covetrus Pulse in January 2022. This cutting-edge cloud-based veterinary operating system (vOS) allows paediatricians to easily connect to the technology they need to handle their practises and provides them more time to spend with the animals in their treatment.

Global Veterinary CRO Market Report Scope:

Historical Data: 2019-2020-2021

Base Year for Estimation: 2021

Forecast period: 2022-2029

Report Coverage: Revenue forecast, Company Ranking, Competitive Landscape, Growth factors, and Trends

Segments Covered: Techniques and Region

Regional Scope: North America; Europe; Asia Pacific; Latin America; Rest of the World

Customization Scope: Free report customization (equivalent up to 8 analyst's working hours) with purchase. Addition or alteration to country, regional & segment scope*

The objective of the study is to define market sizes of different segments & countries in recent years and to forecast the values to the coming years. The report is designed to incorporate both qualitative and quantitative aspects of the industry within countries involved in the study.

The report also caters detailed information about the crucial aspects such as driving factors & challenges which will define the future growth of the market. Additionally, it also incorporates potential opportunities in micro markets for stakeholders to invest along with the detailed analysis of competitive landscape and product offerings of key players. The detailed segments and sub-segment of the market are explained below:

By Techniques:

Clinical Trials Support

Quality Assurance

Others

By Region:

North America

U.S.

Canada

Europe

UK

Germany

France

Spain

Italy

ROE

Asia Pacific

China

India

Japan

Australia

South Korea

RoAPAC

Latin America

Brazil

Mexico

Rest of the World

Table of Contents

Chapter 1. Executive Summary

  • 1.1. Market Snapshot
  • 1.2. Global & Segmental Market Estimates & Forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
    • 1.2.1. Veterinary CRO Market, by Region, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
    • 1.2.2. Veterinary CRO Market, by Techniques, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
  • 1.3. Key Trends
  • 1.4. Estimation Methodology
  • 1.5. Research Assumption

Chapter 2. Global Veterinary CRO Market Definition and Scope

  • 2.1. Objective of the Study
  • 2.2. Market Definition & Scope
    • 2.2.1. Scope of the Study
    • 2.2.2. Industry Evolution
  • 2.3. Years Considered for the Study
  • 2.4. Currency Conversion Rates

Chapter 3. Global Veterinary CRO Market Dynamics

  • 3.1. Veterinary CRO Market Impact Analysis (2019-2029)
    • 3.1.1. Market Drivers
      • 3.1.1.1. Growing Burden of Diseases in Animals
      • 3.1.1.2. Increasing Expenditure on Research and Development Activities
    • 3.1.2. Market Challenges
      • 3.1.2.1. Lack of skilled professionals
    • 3.1.3. Market Opportunities
      • 3.1.3.1. Technological advancements in the market
      • 3.1.3.2. Strategic initiatives by the private players

Chapter 4. Global Veterinary CRO Market Industry Analysis

  • 4.1. Porter's 5 Force Model
    • 4.1.1. Bargaining Power of Suppliers
    • 4.1.2. Bargaining Power of Buyers
    • 4.1.3. Threat of New Entrants
    • 4.1.4. Threat of Substitutes
    • 4.1.5. Competitive Rivalry
  • 4.2. Futuristic Approach to Porter's 5 Force Model (2019-2029)
  • 4.3. PEST Analysis
    • 4.3.1. Political
    • 4.3.2. Economical
    • 4.3.3. Social
    • 4.3.4. Technological
  • 4.4. Investment Adoption Model
  • 4.5. Analyst Recommendation & Conclusion
  • 4.6. Top investment opportunity
  • 4.7. Top winning strategies

Chapter 5. Risk Assessment: COVID-19 Impact

  • 5.1. Assessment of the overall impact of COVID-19 on the industry
  • 5.2. Pre COVID-19 and post COVID-19 Market scenario

Chapter 6. Global Veterinary CRO Market, by Techniques

  • 6.1. Market Snapshot
  • 6.2. Global Veterinary CRO Market by Techniques, Performance - Potential Analysis
  • 6.3. Global Veterinary CRO Market Estimates & Forecasts by Techniques, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
  • 6.4. Veterinary CRO Market, Sub Segment Analysis
    • 6.4.1. Clinical Trials Support
    • 6.4.2. Quality Assurance
    • 6.4.3. Others

Chapter 7. Global Veterinary CRO Market, Regional Analysis

  • 7.1. Veterinary CRO Market, Regional Market Snapshot
  • 7.2. North America Veterinary CRO Market
    • 7.2.1. U.S. Veterinary CRO Market
      • 7.2.1.1. Techniques breakdown estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029
    • 7.2.2. Canada Veterinary CRO Market
  • 7.3. Europe Veterinary CRO Market Snapshot
    • 7.3.1. U.K. Veterinary CRO Market
    • 7.3.2. Germany Veterinary CRO Market
    • 7.3.3. France Veterinary CRO Market
    • 7.3.4. Spain Veterinary CRO Market
    • 7.3.5. Italy Veterinary CRO Market
    • 7.3.6. Rest of Europe Veterinary CRO Market
  • 7.4. Asia-Pacific Veterinary CRO Market Snapshot
    • 7.4.1. China Veterinary CRO Market
    • 7.4.2. India Veterinary CRO Market
    • 7.4.3. Japan Veterinary CRO Market
    • 7.4.4. Australia Veterinary CRO Market
    • 7.4.5. South Korea Veterinary CRO Market
    • 7.4.6. Rest of Asia Pacific Veterinary CRO Market
  • 7.5. Latin America Veterinary CRO Market Snapshot
    • 7.5.1. Brazil Veterinary CRO Market
    • 7.5.2. Mexico Veterinary CRO Market
  • 7.6. Rest of The World Veterinary CRO Market

Chapter 8. Competitive Intelligence

  • 8.1. Top Market Strategies
  • 8.2. Company Profiles
    • 8.2.1. Vetpharm, Inc
      • 8.2.1.1. Key Information
      • 8.2.1.2. Overview
      • 8.2.1.3. Financial (Subject to Data Availability)
      • 8.2.1.4. Product Summary
      • 8.2.1.5. Recent Developments
    • 8.2.2. Charles River Laboratories, Inc.
    • 8.2.3. Clinvet
    • 8.2.4. Klifovet AG
    • 8.2.5. Lohlein and wolf vet research
    • 8.2.6. Oncovet Clinical Research
    • 8.2.7. Ondax Scientific
    • 8.2.8. knoell
    • 8.2.9. Veterinary Research Management
    • 8.2.10. Vetspin SRL

Chapter 9. Research Process

  • 9.1. Research Process
    • 9.1.1. Data Mining
    • 9.1.2. Analysis
    • 9.1.3. Market Estimation
    • 9.1.4. Validation
    • 9.1.5. Publishing
  • 9.2. Research Attributes
  • 9.3. Research Assumption

LIST OF TABLES

  • TABLE 1. Global Veterinary CRO Market, report scope
  • TABLE 2. Global Veterinary CRO Market estimates & forecasts by Region 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
  • TABLE 3. Global Veterinary CRO Market estimates & forecasts by Techniques 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
  • TABLE 4. Global Veterinary CRO Market by segment, estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
  • TABLE 5. Global Veterinary CRO Market by region, estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
  • TABLE 6. Global Veterinary CRO Market by segment, estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
  • TABLE 7. Global Veterinary CRO Market by region, estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
  • TABLE 8. Global Veterinary CRO Market by segment, estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
  • TABLE 9. Global Veterinary CRO Market by region, estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
  • TABLE 10. Global Veterinary CRO Market by segment, estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
  • TABLE 11. Global Veterinary CRO Market by region, estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
  • TABLE 12. Global Veterinary CRO Market by segment, estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
  • TABLE 13. Global Veterinary CRO Market by region, estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
  • TABLE 14. U.S. Veterinary CRO Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
  • TABLE 15. U.S. Veterinary CRO Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
  • TABLE 16. U.S. Veterinary CRO Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
  • TABLE 17. Canada Veterinary CRO Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
  • TABLE 18. Canada Veterinary CRO Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
  • TABLE 19. Canada Veterinary CRO Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
  • TABLE 20. UK Veterinary CRO Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
  • TABLE 21. UK Veterinary CRO Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
  • TABLE 22. UK Veterinary CRO Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
  • TABLE 23. Germany Veterinary CRO Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
  • TABLE 24. Germany Veterinary CRO Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
  • TABLE 25. Germany Veterinary CRO Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
  • TABLE 26. France Veterinary CRO Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
  • TABLE 27. France Veterinary CRO Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
  • TABLE 28. France Veterinary CRO Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
  • TABLE 29. Italy Veterinary CRO Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
  • TABLE 30. Italy Veterinary CRO Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
  • TABLE 31. Italy Veterinary CRO Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
  • TABLE 32. Spain Veterinary CRO Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
  • TABLE 33. Spain Veterinary CRO Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
  • TABLE 34. Spain Veterinary CRO Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
  • TABLE 35. RoE Veterinary CRO Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
  • TABLE 36. RoE Veterinary CRO Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
  • TABLE 37. RoE Veterinary CRO Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
  • TABLE 38. China Veterinary CRO Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
  • TABLE 39. China Veterinary CRO Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
  • TABLE 40. China Veterinary CRO Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
  • TABLE 41. India Veterinary CRO Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
  • TABLE 42. India Veterinary CRO Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
  • TABLE 43. India Veterinary CRO Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
  • TABLE 44. Japan Veterinary CRO Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
  • TABLE 45. Japan Veterinary CRO Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
  • TABLE 46. Japan Veterinary CRO Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
  • TABLE 47. South Korea Veterinary CRO Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
  • TABLE 48. South Korea Veterinary CRO Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
  • TABLE 49. South Korea Veterinary CRO Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
  • TABLE 50. Australia Veterinary CRO Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
  • TABLE 51. Australia Veterinary CRO Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
  • TABLE 52. Australia Veterinary CRO Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
  • TABLE 53. RoAPAC Veterinary CRO Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
  • TABLE 54. RoAPAC Veterinary CRO Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
  • TABLE 55. RoAPAC Veterinary CRO Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
  • TABLE 56. Brazil Veterinary CRO Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
  • TABLE 57. Brazil Veterinary CRO Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
  • TABLE 58. Brazil Veterinary CRO Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
  • TABLE 59. Mexico Veterinary CRO Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
  • TABLE 60. Mexico Veterinary CRO Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
  • TABLE 61. Mexico Veterinary CRO Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
  • TABLE 62. RoLA Veterinary CRO Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
  • TABLE 63. RoLA Veterinary CRO Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
  • TABLE 64. RoLA Veterinary CRO Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
  • TABLE 65. Row Veterinary CRO Market estimates & forecasts, 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
  • TABLE 66. Row Veterinary CRO Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
  • TABLE 67. Row Veterinary CRO Market estimates & forecasts by segment 2019-2029 (USD Billion)
  • TABLE 68. List of secondary sources, used in the study of global Veterinary CRO Market
  • TABLE 69. List of primary sources, used in the study of global Veterinary CRO Market
  • TABLE 70. Years considered for the study
  • TABLE 71. Exchange rates considered

List of tables and figures and dummy in nature, final lists may vary in the final deliverable

LIST OF FIGURES

List of figures

  • FIG 1. Global Veterinary CRO Market, research methodology
  • FIG 2. Global Veterinary CRO Market, Market estimation techniques
  • FIG 3. Global Market size estimates & forecast methods
  • FIG 4. Global Veterinary CRO Market, key trends 2021
  • FIG 5. Global Veterinary CRO Market, growth prospects 2022-2029
  • FIG 6. Global Veterinary CRO Market, porters 5 force model
  • FIG 7. Global Veterinary CRO Market, pest analysis
  • FIG 8. Global Veterinary CRO Market, value chain analysis
  • FIG 9. Global Veterinary CRO Market by segment, 2019 & 2029 (USD Billion)
  • FIG 10. Global Veterinary CRO Market by segment, 2019 & 2029 (USD Billion)
  • FIG 11. Global Veterinary CRO Market by segment, 2019 & 2029 (USD Billion)
  • FIG 12. Global Veterinary CRO Market by segment, 2019 & 2029 (USD Billion)
  • FIG 13. Global Veterinary CRO Market by segment, 2019 & 2029 (USD Billion)
  • FIG 14. Global Veterinary CRO Market, regional snapshot 2019 & 2029
  • FIG 15. North America Veterinary CRO Market 2019 & 2029 (USD Billion)
  • FIG 16. Europe Veterinary CRO Market 2019 & 2029 (USD Billion)
  • FIG 17. Asia Pacific Veterinary CRO Market 2019 & 2029 (USD Billion)
  • FIG 18. Latin America Veterinary CRO Market 2019 & 2029 (USD Billion)
  • FIG 19. Global Veterinary CRO Market, company Market share analysis (2021)

List of tables and figures and dummy in nature, final lists may vary in the final deliverable